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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 56 (1997), S. 31-39 
    ISSN: 0340-1855
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Morbus Behçet ; CSA-Therapie ; ZNS-Manifestation ; Kernspintomographie ; Chlorambucil ; Key words Morbus Behçet ; CyA-therapy ; Neuro Behçet ; MRI-imaging ; Chlorambucil therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Behçet‘s disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by the triad of oral and genital ulcers and ocular lesions. One of the most life-threatening manifestations results from involvement of the central nervous system, presenting as necrotising meningo-encephalitis, most typically affecting the brain stem, internal capsula and basal brain ganglia. We report on a young Caucasian mate with Behçet‘s disease (HLA B51+) and recurrent uveitis, who presented with acute neurologic involvement under CyA therapy 5 years after first diagnosis. At the time of admission MRI showed two high intensity lesions in the brain stem on T1 weighted images enhanced with Gd-DTPA, reflecting active inflammation. Shortly after admission the CyA treatment was stopped and a therapy with high dose steroids and chlorambucil, starting with a dose of 2mg daily was initiated. This led to improvement of neurologic symptoms, also documented by brain stem evoked potentials and investigations of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as of ophtalmologic symptoms within few days of treatment. Steroids were reduced to a maintenance dose of 12mg Prednyliden daily. The brain MRI taken 8 weeks after onset of chlorambucil treatment showed the same lesions in the brain stem, with low intensity in the T1 weighted images an no longer enhanced Gd-DTPA uptake. Chlorambucil dose was reduced to 2mg every second day after 8 months. There was no exacerbation in the follow-up of 12 months. We conclude that a 6-week Chlorambucil therapy consisting of 2mg/p.o./d led to remission of neurologic involvement firstly evolving under CyA-medication, which suggests superiority of chlorambucil as a treatment modality in neurologic as well as ophtalmologic features of the disease.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Behçet-Syndrom charakterisiert das Zusammentreffen von oralen und genitalen Ulzerationen mit okulären Läsionen und gilt als vaskulitisches Geschehen. Wegen der Seltenheit des Syndroms stützen sich therapeutische Richtlinien heute noch auf kleinere Fallzahlen oder Kasuistiken. Ein beträchtliches Letalitätsrisiko bei M. Behçet stellt die ZNS-Beteiligung dar, manifest als nekrotisierende Meningo-Enzephalitis des Hirnstamms, der Capsula interna oder der Basalganglien. Im vorliegenden Fall eines jungen männlichen Patienten kaukasischer Herkunft mit seit fünf Jahren bekanntem M. Behçet (HLA B51 positiv) unter Cyclosporin A-Therapie kam es akut zu Meningismus und neurologischen Ausfällen. Die initiale Kernspintomographie zeigte im Ponsbereich Läsionen massiver KM-Anreicherung nach Gabe von Gd-DTPA als Zeichen eines akut entzündlichen Geschehens. Nach Einleitung einer Therapie mit Chlorambucil 2mg täglich p.o. kam es bei gleichzeitiger Normalisierung von Liquorbefunden, Hirnstammpotentialen und serologischen Parametern zur Remission des klinisch neurologischen Befundes, sowie der rezidivierenden okulären Symptomatik. Acht Wochen später stellten sich die Läsionen im NMR signalarm dar, ohne Anreicherung nach Kontrastmittelgabe und somit ohne Aktivität. In den folgenden 12 Monaten ergab sich unter Chlorambucil 2mg p.o. täglich bzw. jeden 2. Tag, ein stabiler Befund. Der Verlauf spricht für die Überlegenheit der Alkylantientherapie bei zentralnervösen Beteiligungen und okulären Manifestationen bei M. Behçet gegenüber der rein immunsuppressiven Behandlung mit Cyclosporin A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Kardiologie 86 (1997), S. 639-643 
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Key words Poland syndrome – dextrocardia – situs solitus ; Schlüsselwörter Poland-Syndrom – Dextrokardie – Situs solitus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Poland syndrome consists of unilateral absence of the sternal head of the pectoralis major muscle, ipsilateral symbrachydaktylia, and occasionally associated other malformations of the anterior chest wall, mammilla, and mamma. To our knowledge a simultaneous occurrence with dextrocardia was reported in seven patients. We report on an additional patient with this unusual coincidence. A 59-year old man showed mild symbrachydaktylia of the left hand and deformity of the left part of the anterior chest wall, both present since birth. We found an additional dextrocardia with situs solitus, d-loop, and correctly connected great arteries. Besides arterial hypertension there was no remarkable impairment of the patient's condition.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Poland-Syndrom ist gekennzeichnet durch eine einseitige Fehlbildung im Bereich der ventralen Thoraxwand mit Aplasie des sternokostalen Anteils des M. pectoralis major, eine ipsilaterale Symbrachydaktylie und gelegentlich assoziierte weitere Defekte der Thoraxwand, Mamille und Mamma. Nach unserer Kenntnis wurden bislang insgesamt sieben Fälle des gemeinsamen Auftretens einer Dextrokardie mit einem Poland-Syndrom beschrieben. Wir berichten über einen weiteren Patienten mit dieser seltenen kombinierten Fehlbildung. Bei einem 59jährigen Patienten bestanden seit Geburt eine linksseitige Thoraxdeformität sowie eine Symbrachydaktylie der linken Hand. Wir fanden bei Poland-Syndrom eine Dextrokardie bei Situs solitus, d-loop und korrekt verbundenen großen Arterien. Außer einer Hypertonie waren die Herzkreislauffunktionen nicht beeinträchtigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 17 (1997), S. 91-99 
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Autoimmune diseases ; Pathogenesis ; Animal models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Failure of distinction between self and non-self is regarded a critical event in the pathogenesis of several human diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, uveoretinitis or diabetes mellitus. Autoagressive immune reactions driven by activated autoreactive lymphocytes are a characteristic feature of these autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms by which the pathogenic control of autoreactive lymphocytes deviates from physiology can be studied in appropriate animal models under well-defined experimental conditions. Experimental models of autoimmune diseases in rodent inbred strains allow for the genetic mapping of susceptibility loci and might help to identify candidate genes also relevant to the pathogenesis of human diseases. Finally, the experimental models are valuable tools to develop rational immunotherapeutic strategies. Interesting features of some of the models employed for such research will be introduced in this review.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 17 (1996), S. 347-360 
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Keywords: Ultrasonic waves ; Attenuation ; Velocity ; Microstructure ; Thermal cracking ; Local fluid flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The frequency dependent mechanism of local fluid flow was found to be the decisive absorption and dispersion mechanism in fluid containing sandstones. In the ultrasonic frequency range local fluid flow and grain surface effects control the behaviour of highly porous and highly permeable rock if a pore fluid is present. Both mechanisms depend less on macroscopic rock parameters like porosity and permeability than essentially on microscopic parameters like crack size, crack density and grain contact properties. To demonstrate directly the important influence of the microstructure on the rock elastic and anelastic properties the microstructure of a sandstone was artificially changed by thermal cracking. The cracked rock exhibits a clearly changed behaviour at low uniaxial as well as at high hydrostatic pressure despite small changes of porosity and permeability. Fluid effects increase due to cracking. The experimental results are explained by means of a rock, model and local fluid flow. These results emphasize that it is the microstructure which controls the elastic and anelastic rock behaviour, even at high hydrostatic pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of computer vision 15 (1995), S. 171-188 
    ISSN: 1573-1405
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new intensity-based stereo algorithm using cooperative bidirectional matching with a hierarchical multilevel structure. Based on a new model of piecewise smooth depth fields and the consistency constraint, the algorithm is able to estimate the 3-D structure and detect its discontinuities and the occlusion reliably with low computational costs. In order to find the global optimal estimates, we utilize a multiresolution two-stage algorithm minimizing nonconvex cost functions, which is equivalent to the MAP estimation. This basic framework computing the 3-D structure from binocular stereo images has been extended to the trinocular stereo vision for a further improvement of the performance. A few examples for the binocular and trinocular stereo problems are given to illustrate the performance of the new algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This report summarizes the procedure for providing the absolute energy calibration of the LEP beams during the energy scan in 1993. The average beam energy around the LEP ring was measured in 25 calibrations with the resonant depolarization technique. The time variation of this average beam energy is well described by a model of the accelerator based on monitored quantities. The absolute calibration of the centre of mass energies of the off-peak points is determined with a precision of 2 parts in 105 resulting in a systematic error on the Z-mass of about 1.4 MeV and on the Z-width of about 1.5 MeV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 17 (1997), S. 85-90 
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Immunosuppressive drugs ; Autoimmune disease ; Animal models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An unprecedented arsenal of new xenobiotic immunosuppressive agents has been developed recently. Most of the new immunosuppressants have been tested primarily in the treatment of allograft rejection in experimental models of transplantation, and some of the new drugs have already proven their safety and efficiency in extensive clinical trials on transplant patients. Another field for their potential application is the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This review will give an overview of the therapeutic potential of the new xenobiotic drugs in different animal models of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes mellitus, thyroiditis and uveoretinitis. The new xenobiotics are either inhibitors of the de novo synthesis of nucleotides, for example mycophenolate mofetil, mizoribine, leflunomide, and brequinar, or are immunophilin-binding agents (cyclosporin, FK506 and rapamycin) that inhibit signal transduction and cell cycle progression in lymphocytes. A different mode of action is likely to account for the immunosuppressive effects of deoxyspergualin, which may interfere with intracellular chaperoning by the heat shock protein HSP70 and the activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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