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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adapting the potentially mineralizable N concept for the prediction of fertilizer N requirements (1995)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 42 (1995), S. 61-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: potentially mineralizable N ; CERES model ; LEACHM model ; fertilizer N requirements ; crop rotations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Quantification of N dynamics in the ecosystem has taken on major significance in today's society, for economic and environmental reasons. A major fraction of the available N in soils is derived from the mineralization of organic matter. For decades, scientists have attempted to quantify the rate at which soils mineralize N, but the complexity of the N cycle has made this a major task. Further, agronomists have long sought soil test methods that are practical, yet will provide accurate means of predicting the amounts and rates of release of N from soils. Such tests would allow us to make more precise fertilization decisions. This paper discusses the potentially mineralizable N concept, first promoted by Stanford and colleagues [61, 62, 64], and suggests how it may be incorporated into deterministic models, such as CERES and LEACHM, so as to provide more accurate estimates of N mineralization under field conditions. We also suggest how the potentially mineralizable N concept may be coupled to quick, routine laboratory methods of determining available soil N, such as the hot 2M KCl extracted NH4-N method recently developed by Gianello and Bremner [35], and used together with deterministic N models, such as CERES, for predicting probable fertilizer N requirements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750500
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Managing nitrogen for sustainable crop production (1995)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 42 (1995), S. 277-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: nutrient cycling ; socioeconomic constraints ; sustainable agriculture ; temperate/boreal ecosystems ; tropical ecosystem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This paper discusses the influence of N resources (fertilizer, legume, soil) on sustainable agriculture in temperate/boreal ecosystems (exemplified by the Canadian prairies), and in the humid, subhumid and semi-arid tropic (exemplified by southeast Asia and central and south America). A sustainable agricultural system is one that is economically viable, provides safe, nutritious food, and. conserves or enhances the environment. Consequently, we discuss the impact of N on crop yields, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), food quality, environmental quality and on socioeconomic factors. Considerably more long-term research has been conducted in the temperate regions, consequently this was where most information was available. However, the principles governing the behaviour of N are very similar in all ecosystems. It is mainly the rates of nutrient cycling and the socioeconomic constraints that differ. Legumes and N fertilizers, used in a responsible manner, will increase crop production, provide quality food, increase net returns, reduce risk of monetary loss, improve soil quality, and reduce N loss via leaching and gaseous means. The key to sustainable management of N is to synchronize N supply with N use by the crop. Because societies in most temperate ecosystems are more affluent they are better positioned to encourage adoption of management techniques that promote sustainability. In contrast, most producers in the tropics are, subsistence farmers; consequently, their immediate goal is economic survival, not preservation of the environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750521
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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