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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 103 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine how diet of the mother in pregnancy influences the blood pressure of the offspring in adult life.Design A follow up study of men and women born during 1948–1954 whose mothers had taken part in a survey of diet in late pregnancy.Setting Aberdeen, Scotland.Population Two hundred and fifty-three men and women born in Aberdeen Maternity Hospital.Main outcome measure Systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Results The relations between the diet of mothers and their offsprings' blood pressure were complex. When the mothers' intake of animal protein was less than 50 g daily, a higher carbohydrate intake was associated with a higher blood pressure in the offspring (a 100 g increase in carbohydrate being associated with a 3 mmHg increase in systolic pressure (P= 0.02)). At daily animal protein intakes above 50 g, lower Carbohydrate intake was associated with higher blood pressure (a 100 g decrease in carbohydrate being associated with an 11 mmHg rise in systolic blood pressure (P= 0.004)). These increases in blood pressure were associated with decreased placental size.Conclusion Mothers' intakes of animal protein and carbohydrate in late pregnancy may influence their offsprings' adult blood pressure. This may be mediated through effects on placental growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine if large loop excision of the transformation zone affects subsequent fertility and pregnancy outcome.Design A case-control study.Setting A teaching hospital serving a regional population.Subjects One thousand women who had undergone large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) between 1989 and 1991. Two controls were matched for each of the 149 women who had a singleton pregnancy progressing beyond 20 weeks of gestation following treatment, with regard to age, parity, height, husband's or partner's social class and smoking habits to account for common independent risk factors for adverse obstetric outcome and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.Main outcome measures Intention to conceive, number of pregnancies, gestation, low birthweight, mean birthweight, mode of delivery, and duration of labour.Results Out of a cohort of 1000 women who underwent LLETZ for the treatment of CIN, 653 women replied to a postal questionnaire. When asked up to 54 months after treatment, 130 women (19.9%) had become pregnant and 47 (7.2%) had tried to become pregnant. A total of 199 pregnancies from 178 women was identified from the cohort of women.For the 149 women from the case cohort, the mean birthweight was 3380 g compared with 3373 g in the control group (P= 0.88). The incidence of low birthweight in pregnancies progressing to at least 37 weeks of gestation was 3.1% in the treated group, compared with 3.2% in the control group (P= 098). Following LLETZ, 94% of deliveries were preterm (〈 37 weeks of gestation), compared with 50% in the control group (P= 0.12). There was no significant difference in mean gestation, mode of delivery, indication for caesarean section or duration of labour between the women who had undergone LLETZ and the controls.Conclusion When socio-epidemiological factors associated with the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are controlled for, LLETZ does not appear to exert an independent adverse effect on subsequent pregnancy outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 4161-4165 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We present data on the spin polarization P and quantum yield Y of electrons photoemitted from negative electron affinity semiconductors, including GaAs(100), GaAsP(100) alloy, and strained GaAs layer epitaxially grown on a GaAsP(100) buffer. Near photothreshold the following values for P(Y) are, respectively, obtained: 26% (2.5×10−2), 40% (1×10−3), and 60% (1.5×10−4). We describe in detail the apparatus used containing a low energy (10–25 keV) Mott polarimeter. The system, completely fitted in a small volume (∼104 cm3) ultrahigh vacuum chamber, is intended as a test facility for characterizing candidate photocathode materials for spin polarized electron sources. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The addition of 0.25% isoflurane to 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen provides more effective pain relief in labour than 50% nitrous oxide alone. This study was carried out to determine whether self-administration by demand valve of 0.25% isoflurane in 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen premixed in cylinders at 13.7 MPa (IN2O) was practical and safe during labour. Two hundred and twenty-one mothers used IN2O in labour after 50% nitrous oxide had become inadequate for pain relief. Data on IN2O use was recorded during labour and details of the course of labour and opioid usage were taken from the clinical notes. The duration of IN2O use was 0.1–12.35 h (median 2.3). Thirty-two mothers (14.5%) required an epidural and intolerance to IN2O was seen in a maximum of 17 cases (7.7%). One hundred and twenty-six cases were primiparous and 93 parous with 151 deliveries being spontaneous and 70 interventional, of which 12 were by Caesarean section. Maternal blood loss was 20–1500 ml (median 200 ml). Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min were unaffected by IN2O use although a positive correlation was found between the use of opioids and the number of neonates with a 1-min score below 8 and the number requiring resuscitation. Six neonates had an Apgar score below 8 at 5 min, but their condition was adequately explained by factors other than the sedative technique used. Self-administered IN2O was found to be a safe and practical technique for sedation in labour when 50% nitrous oxide alone had become inadequate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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