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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Sediment toxicity ; bioluminescent bacteria ; sediment contamination ; macrofaunal communities ; Sado estuary ; Portugal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents the results from a sedimentary survey undertaken in July 1992 in the Sado estuary, western coast of Portugal. Sediment samples were taken at 14 sites, corresponding to four organic enrichment gradients, three of which are located close to harbour facilities or to industrial or urban effluent outfalls. The fourth site is located away from direct sources of anthropogenic disturbance. An integrated approach was conducted in order to study the quality status of the superficial sediments, and included 1. the analysis of sediment descriptors and contaminants (grain-size, total organic matter, heavy metals, PCBs), 2. the evaluation of toxicity, using bioluminescent bacteria and the Microtox® solid-phase protocol and 3. the study of macrofaunal communities structure and composition. Most of the sediments showed low IC50 values (high toxicity), while benthic macrofauna did not indicate community disturbance in most of the sites, nor the contaminants analysed provided explanation for the potential toxicity observed. Most of the sediments showed high fines content. A statistical significant relation between fines and IC50 values was found, indicating the sensitivity of the toxicity assessment method for granulometry. This sensitivity might explain the lack of agreement between the IC 50 values and the sediment chemistry-infaunal communities structure. The potential grain-size sensitivity was further analysed using another test sediment from which artificial samples with different sand∶fines ratios were prepared. It is concluded that extreme caution should be used when applying the solid-phase Microtox® protocol to assess the toxicity of natural sediments, covering a range of granulometry and contamination situations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 33 (1998), S. 283-297 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The kaolin deposits of the Amazon region of Brazil are of lateritic origin, modified by subsequent reduced lacustrine and/or swamp environment. They are contemporaneous with lateritic bauxites found in the same region, all formed from aluminium silicate rocks. These are principally sedimentary rocks from the Cretaceous period (Itapecuru and Alter do Chão), but also include metamorphic and felsic volcanic rocks. After erosion of the upper part of these profiles they became locally a substratum for swampy and/or lacustrine environments mostly developed over the clayey saprolitic horizon where kaolin occurs. The saprolitic horizon is made up mainly of iron-mottled kaolinite which has been subject to an intense deferrification, which has increased the kaolin brightness and thickness. The kaolins are basically made up of well-crystallized kaolinite, quartz, sometimes illite-muscovite, anatase and hematite. In certain locations, crandallite-goyazite is also present. The deposits studied differ from each other in the mineral content levels, concentration of principal elements and in trace element distribution. The greatest quantity of quartz and, consequently SiO2, is intrinsically related to the type of parent rock. Small sedimentary deposits occur in alluvial flood plains located not very far from the lateritic source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 3643-3657 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new approach to carry out molecular dynamics simulations of chemical reactions in solution using combined density functional theory/molecular mechanics potentials is presented. We focus our attention on the analysis of reactive trajectories, dynamic solvent effects and transmission coefficient rather than on the evaluation of free energy which is another important topic that will be examined elsewhere. In a previous paper we have described the generalities of this hybrid molecular dynamics method and it has been employed to investigate low energy barrier proton transfer process in water. The study of processes with activation energies larger than a few kT requires the use of specific techniques adapted to "rare events" simulations. We describe here a method that consists in the simulation of short trajectories starting from an equilibrated transition state in solution, the structure of which has been approximately established. This calculation is particularly efficient when carried out with parallel computers since the study of a reactive process is decomposed in a set of short time trajectories that are completely independent. The procedure is close to that used by other authors in the context of classical molecular dynamics but present the advantage of describing the chemical system with rigorous quantum mechanical calculations. It is illustrated through the study of the first reaction step in electrophilic bromination of ethylene in water. This elementary process is representative of many charge separation reactions for which static and dynamic solvent effects play a fundamental role. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4215-4217 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic hyperfine data of s−p and noble impurities diluted in ferromagnetic Gd and Ni hosts are described within a simple model which is an extension on that one of Daniel and Friedel. We also include in the present model the effect of next-neighbor perturbation, due to the translational invariance break introduced by the impurity. Performing a self-consistent calculation of the local magnetic moments at the impurity site, one obtains the conduction electron polarization (CEP) hyperfine field. It is found that the model can explain the different hyperfine field trends observed in Gd and Ni hosts, e.g., a remaining negative value along the s−p series in the Gd case and a change of sign behavior in the Ni case. Period effects observed in noble impurities are also discussed and the theoretical calculations are in good agreement with available experimental data. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Groundstation antennas located in Western Australia have been used as elements in the Southern Hemisphere very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) experiment. These commercial antennas of 27.5 and 15 m diameter provide a very economical improvement to the imaging capability of this array and the practice of using such antennas can be extended to other sites in the Southern Hemisphere in preparation for the forthcoming space-VLBI experiments. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 3880-3882 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Adopting a simple model to describe the intermetallic cubic Laves phase compounds XFe2 (X=Y, Lu, Zr, Hf) we discuss the effect of an external applied pressure on the local magnetic moments at both sublattices. We assume that pressure acts on the system, modifying the widths of the sublattice bands and the spin-dependent hybridization between d states of the two sublattices. Using realistic densities of states we obtain, in a self-consistent way, the local d-magnetic moments at X and Fe sites which turn out to be antiparallel. As pressure increases one shows that the magnitude of the local magnetic moment at the X site increases until saturating, whereas the local magnetic moment at the Fe site decreases until saturating. Similarly to the experimental data, which show that the hyperfine field at the X site increases with applied pressure, our theoretical model predicts that the magnetic moment at the X site also increases with pressure. The calculated hyperfine and magnetic moments at the Fe site are also consistent with available experimental data. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We theoretically discuss the local moment formation and the hyperfine field behavior of nonmagnetic (s−p and noble) impurities diluted in ferromagnetic rare-earth compounds GdX (X=Zn, Cd). It is experimentally observed in these systems that all impurities enter substitutionally at the "nonmagnetic" X lattice site, creating a strong local charge perturbation. In our simplified model, one calculates the local magnetic moment in the perturbed conduction band at the origin (a charge perturbed X site). The polarization of the conduction band arises from the Gd 4f moments and the conduction electron polarization produced by the host magnetic moment at the origin is treated within the Born approximation. The general trend of the experimental hyperfine field data is well reproduced by our self-consistent calculations. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 99 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A glycoprotein with an apparent molecular mass of 42 kDa (GP42), detected in the roots of Lupinus albus L. (cv. Rio Maior), was found to increase along the root axis with increasing distance from the apex and to be induced in roots cultured in vitro upon exogenous supply of high IAA (10-3M). GP42 is ionically bound to the cell wall, it has a pl〉8.3, and it is N-glycosylated. The purification of GP42 was accomplished by affinity chromatography (ConA-Sepharose) followed by cation-exchange chromatography (Mono S). The amino acid sequence of the amino terminal part of the protein shows 70% identity to that of polygalacturonase inhibitor proteins (PGIPs) from other species. GP42 inhibits the polygalacturonase activity from Aspergilltus niger in vitro suggesting that it is a PGIP. The possible relationship between the L. albus PGIP and root development is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 89-91 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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