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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of CD44 splice variants in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of human skin cancer (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The standard form of CD44 (CD44s) and CD44 isoforms, containing sequences encoded by one or several of 10 different variant CD44 exons (v1-v10), are thought to play a crucial role in the growth and metastasis of certain human tumors. Recently, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against all CD44 isoforms (panCD44), or against epitopes encoded by specific variant exons (CD44v) have been developed, which unfortunately only stain cryopreserved tissues. We wished to develop a technique to unmask chemically CD44s and CD44v epitopes in paraffin-embedded specimens of human skin cancers, so that they would be accessible for these mAbs. To address this issue, CD44s and CD44v expression was compared in cryopreserved and in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies obtained from the same basal cell carcinomas (BCC), squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), primary malignant melanomas (PMM) and metastatic malignant melanomas (MMM). Formalin-fixed tumors were de-paraffinized and treated briefly with an antigen retrieval fluid (TUF™) at 95°C or left untreated. In untreated paraffin-embedded tissues, no CD44s or CD44v staining was detected. In contrast, in antigen retrieval fluid-treated biopsies CD44s and CD44v expression was identical to that in cryopreserved specimens of the same tumor with the exception of mAbs detecting v7/8 and v10. We conclude that antigen retrieval unmasks certain epitopes in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, thus facilitating future research on the relevance of CD44s and CD44v expression for human skin carcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1997.tb00783.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low N-acetylating capacity in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Low constitutive N-acetylating capacity has been implicated as a predisposing factor for the development of adverse reactions to certain drugs. This prompted us to investigate whether the N-acetylating capacity of patients with serious cutaneous adverse reactions, i.e., Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) differed from that of healthy control subjects. N-acctylating activity was measured in hair root cells by preparing a homogenate from freshly extracted hair roots and assessing acetyl-CoA-dependent N-acetylation by RP-HPLC using 2-aminofluorene as a substrate. Samples were obtained from hospitalized patients suffering from acute SJS and TEN or from healthy controls. All patients with SJS and TEN were found to have a low N-acetylating capacity (0.85 nmol/mg/min compared to 2.21 nmol/mg/min in controls, p〈0.05). Based on these findings, a low constitutive N-acetylating capacity may be one of the predisposing factors for the development of serious cutaneous adverse reactions to drugs that require N-acetylation in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1995.tb00211.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The colour of medical-grade zirconia (Y-TZP) (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 7 (1996), S. 559-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Optical spectroscopy, ESR spectroscopy, and standard and wavelength- and-temperature-resolved thermoluminenscence spectroscopy of as-sintered and γ-irradiated medical-grade yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) material showed that the pronounced colour change, after irradiation, from off-white to a purplish-grey shade can be related to two electronic transitions at local defects in the crystal lattice. The first transition could be associated with an electron-hole state characterized by an oxygen ion trapped in the vicinity of a yttrium ion (Y'ZrO*) and can be correlated with an optical absorption band at 2.6 eV (480 nm). The second transition is presumably an extrinsic defect correlated with an optical absorption band at 3.2 eV (395 nm). From the experimental results it can be concluded that those local electronic defects responsible for the colour change on γ-irradiation do not influence safety-related mechanical or chemical properties of the ceramic femoral ball heads of hip endoprostheses produced from Y-TZP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00122179
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated matrix separation and preconcentration for the trace level determination of metal impurities in ultrapure inorganic salts by high-resolution ICP-MS (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 364 (1999), S. 694-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A rapid and simple analytical method for the determination of transition metals and rare earth elements at sub-ng/g levels in alkaline and earth alkaline salt matrices was developed. Automated solid-phase extraction was utilized for matrix separation and analyte preconcentration from highly concentrated brine solutions. The HPLC system used was equipped with a chelation column packed with an iminodiacetate-based resin. Detection was accomplished by means of high-resolution inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), which allowed quasi-simultaneous multi-element determinations. A microconcentric nebulizer was employed for HR-ICP-MS to determine the elements of interest in small volumes of sample extracts. The method was shown to be very sensitive with limits of quantification in the range of 1–40 ng/g for all investigated elements. The method exhibited excellent precisions, high analyte recoveries, linear responses of least three orders of magnitude, high accuracy and low contamination susceptibility. A comparison of automated solid-phase extraction with methodologies utilizing traditional liquid-liquid extraction showed that the former offered similar analytical performance but was clearly easier to use and faster to perform, resulting in substantial time, labor and cost savings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051416
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A change in the phosphorylation pattern of the 30000–33000 M r synaptonemal complex proteins of the rat between early and mid-pachytene (1995)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 104 (1995), S. 154-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The lateral elements (LEs) of synaptonemal complexes (SCs) of the rat contain major components with relative electrophoretic mobilities (M r , s) of 30000–33000, which are the products of a single gene. After one-dimensional separation of SC proteins on polyacrylamide-SDS gels, these components show up as two major bands, whereas upon two-dimensional electrophoresis they are resolved in at least 24 spots, which focus at pH 6.5 to 9.5. In this paper we show that these spots represent phosphorylation variants. For the analysis of the phosphorylation of the 30000-to 33000-M r SC components during progression through meiotic prophase, we developed a procedure for isolation of fractions of testicular cells of the rat that are enriched in separate stages of meiotic prophase. Analysis of the 30000-to 33000-M r SC components in these fractions by two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblotting showed that phosphorylated variants of the 30000-to 33000-M r SC proteins occur throughout meiotic prophase. However, the extent of phosphorylation changes between early and mid-pachytene, when one phosphate group is probably added to each of the variants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352179
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A change in the phosphorylation pattern of the 30000–33000 M r synaptonemal complex proteins of the rat between early and mid-pachytene (1995)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 104 (1995), S. 154-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The lateral elements (LEs) of synaptonemal complexes (SCs) of the rat contain major components with relative electrophoretic mobilities (M r s) of 30000–33000, which are the products of a single gene. After one-dimensional separation of SC proteins on polyacrylamide-SDS gels, these components show up as two major bands, whereas upon two-dimensional electrophoresis they are resolved in at least 24 spots, which focus at pH 6.5 to 9.5. In this paper we show that these spots represent phosphorylation variants. For the analysis of the phosphorylation of the 30000- to 33000-M r SC components during progression through meiotic prophase, we developed a procedure for isolation of fractions of testicular cells of the rat that are enriched in separate stages of meiotic prophase. Analysis of the 30000- to 33000-M r SC components in these fractions by two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblotting showed that phosphorylated variants of the 30000- to 33000-M r SC proteins occur throughout meiotic prophase. However, the extent of phosphorylation changes between early and mid-pachytene, when one phosphate group is probably added to each of the variants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352179
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of SCP2 and SCP3 protein molecules within synaptonemal complexes of the rat (1998)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 107 (1998), S. 540-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract.  SCP2 and SCP3 are major protein components of the lateral elements (LEs) of synaptonemal complexes (SCs) of the rat, with M rs of 173,000 and 30,000. We performed a detailed immunocytochemical comparison of the localization of SCP2 and SCP3 within SCs at the electron microscopic level. The ultrastructural localization of SCP2 and SCP3 was analyzed by immunogold labeling of two types of preparations, namely surface-spread spermatocytes and ultrathin sections of Lowicryl-embedded testicular tissue of the rat. For each of the antisera used, the distribution of immunogold label over SCs in surface-spread spermatocytes differed significantly from the distribution of label on sections. We attributed this difference to artifacts caused by the surface-spreading technique, and therefore we relied on sections for the precise localization of epitopes. On sections, the distribution of label obtained with two antisera against nonoverlapping, widely separated fragments of SCP2 did not differ significantly. There was a small but significant difference between the labeling pattern obtained with an anti-SCP3 serum and the pattern obtained with either of the two antisera against fragments of SCP2; although for all three antisera the peak of the immunogold label coincided with the center of the LE, the distributions of label obtained with the antisera against fragments of SCP2 were asymmetrical, with a shoulder at the inner side of the LE, whereas the distribution of label obtained with anti-SCP3 serum was symmetrical. Furthermore, we observed fuzzy connections between the LEs that were labeled by anti-SCP2 but not anti-SCP3 antibodies. It is possible that labeling of these fuzzy bridges caused the shoulder in the gold label distributions obtained with anti-SCP2 antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050340
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Klinische Untersuchung Unfallverletzter (1999)
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 102 (1999), S. 305-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Die klinische Untersuchung eines Unfallverletzten steht immer am Anfang der Diagnostik und muß einerseits umfassend und gründlich, andererseits rationell und häufig unter Zeitdruck erfolgen. Dies gilt vor allem für den Schwerverletzten, bei dem dringliche oder gar lebenswichtige Operationen keinen Zeitaufschub dulden. Bei diesen Verletzten kann bei Einlieferung unter Umständen nur eine grob orientierende Ganzkörperuntersuchung durchgeführt werden, die postoperativ noch einmal gründlich und ohne Zeitdruck wiederholt wird. Es gilt vor allem, ligamentäre Verletzungen der Gelenke und periphere “kleine” Unfallfolgen nicht zu übersehen. Werden Schädel-Hirn-, Thorax- und Abdominal-Trauma überlebt, sind es diese primär nicht erkannten Verletzungen, die dem Patienten Probleme bereiten. Die symptombezogene Untersuchung eines Unfallverletzten ist immer abhängig von der Kooperationsfähigkeit des Betroffenen. Die körperliche Untersuchung muß umso ausgedehnter sein, je unkooperativer der Patient ist. Die Untersuchung des klar orientierten Patienten nach einem Bagatelltrauma ist einfach, wird schwierig und erfordert viel Erfahrung beim komatösen, drogen- oder alkoholintoxikierten oder gar bewußtlosen schwerverletzten Patienten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001130050407
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magma Mixing in Bolivian Tin Porphyries (1999)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 86 (1999), S. 40-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001140050567
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radioluminescence Dating: A New Tool for Quaternary Geology and Archaeology (1999)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 86 (1999), S. 441-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract  Natural minerals, such as widespread quartz and feldspars, have physical properties which enable them to be used as radiation dosimeters. The underlying luminescence phenomena have made it possible in recent decades to determine the age of a variety of materials important for quaternary geochronometry and archaeochronometry. We present a new luminescence dating method based on radioluminescence measurements of potassium feldspar. For the first time we have been able to investigate the light-emitting transition of electrons from the conduction band to an optically sensitive electron trap. Many advantages can be derived from such direct measurements of the metastable electron density in this particular trap, which produces the age-dependent signal. The method can be used to date the last light exposure of feldspar grains within a range of a few hundred to more than 200,000 years. Examples are presented of age determination of various waterlaid quaternary sands. The results of a basic study of feldspar radioluminescence also shed light on effects not sufficiently understood in conventional dating by luminescence techniques, especially in infrared optically stimulated luminescence dating of feldspar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001140050649
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