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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term (4 year) efficacy and tolerability of doxazosin for the treatment of concurrent benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension (1999)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 6 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The α1-adrenoceptor antagonist doxazosin has proved successful in treating patients with concurrent benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension in short-term studies. However, both conditions are chronic and may worsen over time. The aim of this study was, therefore, to examine the tolerability and efficacy of doxazosin in the long-term treatment of concurrent BPH and hypertension. Methods: This study was a longitudinal extension of earlier double-blind trials. Patients were enrolled into the study on a rolling basis. From a total of 178 BPH patients with hypertension enrolled into the study, 28 had reached 48 months of open-label treatment with doxazosin at the time of the final data cutoff. Results: Treatment with doxazosin resulted in sustained benefits for BPH patients over the whole study period, with significant improvements in the severity (12.2%, P 〈 0.001) and bothersomeness (13.2%, P 〈 0.001) of BPH symptoms, and in the maximum urinary flow rate (26.6%, P 〈 0.05) from baseline to the end of the 4-year period. There was also a significant and sustained reduction in diastolic blood pressure. The efficacy of doxazosin treatment for both BPH and hypertension was maintained over the 4-year period, despite the tendency of these conditions to worsen with time. Comparison of adverse events in patients with long- and short-term hypertension and BPH demonstrates that the safety of doxazosin is not altered during long-term therapy. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that doxazosin appears to be well tolerated and efficacious in the long-term management of concurrent BPH and hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2042.1999.00071.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interocular temporal delay sensitivity in the visual cortex of the awake monkey (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 11 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Due to the separation of the eyes, temporal retinal disparities are created during binocular stimulation and they have been proposed to be the basis of several stereo-visual effects. This paper studies the sensitivity of cortical neurons from area V1 to interocular temporal delay in the awake monkey (Macaca mulatta). Forty-four cells were included in this study. Temporal delay sensitivity was observed in 59% of them. About half of these temporal-delay-sensitive cells were also sensitive to the stimulation sequence of the eyes. The cells that preferred one eye to be stimulated first were termed asymmetrical (46%); those which were not sensitive to the eye sequence of stimulation were termed symmetrical (54%). No clear differences were observed in the distribution of delay-sensitive cells according to their eye dominance. Fifty-six percent of balanced cells and 65% of unbalanced cells were sensitive to interocular delay. These data underline the importance of temporal cues for depth perception.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00700.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The regulation of thiomethylgalactoside transport in Clostridium acetobutylicum P262 by inducer exclusion and inducer expulsion mechanisms (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 136 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Clostridium acetobutylicum P262 had phosphotransferase systems for glucose and lactose, and the lactose system was inducible. When C. acetobutylicum P262 was provided with glucose and lactose, the cultures grew in a diauxic fashion, and glucose was used preferentially. Cells grown on lactose took up thiomethylgalactoside, and retained this non-metabolizable lactose analog for long periods of time. Because glucose inhibited thiomethylgalactoside uptake and caused the efflux of thiomethylgalactoside that had already been taken up, it appeared that C. acetobutylicum P262 had inducer exclusion and inducer expulsion mechanisms similar to those found in lactic acid bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08037.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) and acetate on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and K-12: uncoupling versus anion accumulation (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 151 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Non-growing cells of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and K-12 that were incubated anaerobically in sodium phosphate buffer at pH 6.5 consumed glucose at a rate of approximately 8 μmol·(mg protein)−1·h−1 and had intracellular pH values of 7.3 and 7.5, respectively. The uncoupler, carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), caused a marked decrease in intracellular pH, ATP and potassium of both strains. Low concentrations of CCCP stimulated glucose consumption rate, but higher concentrations were inhibitory. Acetate also caused a decrease in intracellular pH, but it never caused a large decrease in glucose consumption rate. Acetate decreased the intracellular ATP of E. coli K-12, but it had no effect on the ATP of O157:H7. Acetate had no effect on the intracellular potassium of E. coli O157:H7, and acetate-treated K-12 cells had even more potassium than untreated controls. Based on these results, acetate and CCCP appear to have different effects on E. coli. The comparison of E. coli O157:H7 and K-12 indicated that intracellular pH, acetate accumulation and intracellular potassium were related. E. coli K-12 maintained a higher intracellular pH than O157:H7, accumulated more acetate and had a greater intracellular potassium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10396.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pemphigus vulgaris: benefits of tetracycline as adjuvant therapy in a series of thirteen patients (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 38 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Tetracycline is an antibiotic which has been proven beneficial as an immunomodulating drug in the treatment of autoimmune bullous diseases. Methods Thirteen hospitalized patients with pempigus vulgaris received tetracycline2 g/day for 1 month, then 1 g/day for the following 4 weeks. Prednisone 0.5–1 mg/kg/day was then gradually reduced. The control group consisted of seven patients with pemphigus who had received prednisone and azathioprine. Results A total of 13 patients in the study group achieved cessation of new blister formation within 5.4 days, compared to 23.71 days (p 〈 0.0001). The average initial dose of prednisone was 76.53 mg/day for the study group and 118.57 mg/day in the control group (p 〈 0.014). The average number of days before reduction of the prednisone dosage could begin was 16.53 days for the study group compared to 31.28 days in the control (p 〈 0.049). Total hospitalization time was also significantly lower: 34.07 days(p 〈 0.001). The clinical response was not linked to the location of lesions nor to severity of disease. Conclusions Tetracycline was shown to be effective as an adjuvant therapy for pemphigus with low toxicity and safety.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.1999.00624.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The acetate kinase ofClostridum acetobutylicum strain P262 (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 166 (1996), S. 418-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Clostridum acetobutylicum ; Acetate kinase ; Acetate utilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Clostridum acetobutylicum strain P262 fermented glucose, pyruvate, or lactate, and the butyrate production was substrate-dependent. Differences in butyrate yield could not be explained by changes in butyrate kinase activities, but the butyrate production was inversely related to acetate kinase activity. The acetate kinase had a pH optimum of 8.0, aK m for acetate of 160 mM, and ak cat of 16,800 min-1. The enyzme had a native molecular mass of 78 kDa; the size of 42 kDa on SDS-PAGE indicated that the acetate kinase of strain P262 was a homodimer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01682990
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The acetate kinase of Clostridum acetobutylicum strain P262 (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 166 (1997), S. 418-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key wordsClostridum acetobutylicum ; Acetate kinase ; Acetate utilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Clostridum acetobutylicum strain P262 fermented glucose, pyruvate, or lactate, and the butyrate production was substrate-dependent. Differences in butyrate yield could not be explained by changes in butyrate kinase activities, but the butyrate production was inversely related to acetate kinase activity. The acetate kinase had a pH optimum of 8.0, a K m for acetate of 160 mM, and a k cat of 16,800 min–1. The enyzme had a native molecular mass of 78 kDa; the size of 42 kDa on SDS-PAGE indicated that the acetate kinase of strain P262 was a homodimer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01682990
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of an NAD-independent lactate dehydrogenase and acetate in the utilization of lactate by Clostridium acetobutylicum strain P262 (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 164 (1995), S. 36-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key wordsClostridium acetobutylicum ; Lactate ; utilization ; Acetate utilization ; Acetone-butanol ; fermentation ; Lactate dehydrogenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Clostridium acetobutylicum strain P262 utilized lactate at a rapid rate [600 nmol min–1 (mg protein)–1], but lactate could not serve as the sole energy source. When acetate was provided as a co-substrate, the growth rate was 0.05 h–1. Butyrate, carbon dioxide and hydrogen were the end products of lactate and acetate utilization, and the stoichiometry was 1 lactate + 0.4 acetate → 0.7 butyrate + 0.6 H2 + 1 CO2. Lactate-grown cells had twofold lower hydrogenase than glucose-grown cells, and the lactate-grown cells used acetate as an alternative electron acceptor. The cells had a poor affinity for lactate (Ks = 1.1 mM), and there was no evidence for active transport. Lactate utilization was catabolyzed by an inducible NAD-independent lactate dehydrogenase (iLDH) that had a pH optimum of 7.5. The iLDH was fivefold more active with d-lactate than l-lactate, and the K m for d-lactate was 3.2 mM. Lactate-grown cells had little butyraldehyde dehydrogenase activity, and this defect did not allow the conversion of lactate to butanol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050233
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative schemes of butyrate production in Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and their relationship to acetate utilization, lactate production, and phylogeny (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 171 (1999), S. 324-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains D1 and A38 produced little lactate, but strain 49 converted as much as 75% of its glucose to lactate. Strain 49 had tenfold more lactate dehydrogenase activity than strains D1 or A38, this activity was stimulated by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, and had a pH optimum of 6.25. A role for fructose 1,6-bisphosphate or pH regulation of lactate production in strain 49 was, however, contradicted by the observations that very low concentrations (〈 0.2 mM) of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate gave maximal activity, and continuous cultures did not produce additional lactate when the pH was decreased. The lactate production of strain 49 was clearly inhibited by the presence of acetate in the growth medium. When strain 49 was supplemented with as little as 5 mM acetate, lactate production decreased dramatically, and most of the glucose was converted to butyrate. Strain 49 did not possess butyrate kinase activity, but it had a butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase that converted butyryl-CoA directly to butyrate, using acetate as an acceptor. The transferase had a low affinity for acetate (K m of 5 mM), and this characteristic explained the acetate stimulation of growth and butyrate formation. Strains D1 and A38 had butyrate kinase but not butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase, and it appeared that this difference could explain the lack of acetate stimulation and lactate production. Based on these results, it is unlikely that B. fibrisolvens would ever contribute significantly to the pool of ruminal lactate. Since relatives of strain 49 (strains Nor37, PI-7, VV1, and OB156, based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis) all had the same method of butyrate production, it appeared that butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase might be a phylogenetic characteristic. We obtained a culture of strain B835 (NCDO 2398) that produced large amounts of lactate and had butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase activity, but this strain had previously been grouped with strains A38 and D1 based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Our strain B835 had a 16S rRNA sequence unique from the one currently deposited in GenBank, and had high sequence similarity with strains 49 and Nor37 rather than with strains A38 or D1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050717
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liver conditioning after cardiac arrest: the use of normothermic recirculation in an experimental animal model (1998)
    Springer
    Transplant international 11 (1998), S. 424-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Liver conditioning ; Cardiac arrest ; liver donation ; Normothermic recirculation ; Liver transplantation ; experimental
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the possible role of normothermic recirculation with the role of liver transplants from non-heart-beating donor pigs after 20 min of cardiac arrest. Three groups were studied, of which two were control groups: group 1, in which the liver was harvested from a heart-beating donor; group 2, in which the liver was harvested after a period of cardiac arrest followed by total body cooling; and group 3, in which the liver was procured as in group 2, but including a period of 30 min of cardiopulmonary bypass and tissue oxygenation at 37 °C before total body cooling. Survival at 5 days; endothelial (hyaluronic acid) and hepatocellular damage (AST, ALT, and α-GST); adenine nucleotides (energy charge), and histological changes were evaluated. Normothermic recirculation during 30 min showed a significant effect on survival (p = .03), endothelial damage (p 〈 .05), and histological changes after reperfusion (p = .04). Cardiopulmonary bypass significantly increased the energy charge during the normothermic recirculation period (p = .001). Moreover, this study shows that a significant survival (100 %) can be achieved with a liver allograft after 20 min of cardiac arrest. Although the liver suffers a major insult in terms of endothelial damage and hepatocellular damage, lesions caused by the ischemic injury are reversible. Histological changes also indicate lesion reversibility, since they almost disappear after 5 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050169
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