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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Antibody ; Capsid antigens ; HHV-8 ; Kaposi’s sarcoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Sequences of a new herpesvirus with homology to gammaherpesvirinae were recently identified in AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). Subsequently this novel virus, called KS-associated virus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus (HHV) 8 was detected in classical KS and AIDS-associated body cavity based lymphomas by polymerase chain reaction. In this report major and minor capsid proteins of HHV-8 were molecularly cloned and produced as recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. Sera from 69 HIV-1 infected patients with KS, 30 HIV-1 infected patients without KS and 106 control individuals were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for anti-HHV-8 capsid IgM and IgG antibodies. Sera from four patients were tested over periods ranging from 18 months to 6 years. IgG antibodies directed against HHV-8 capsid antigens were detected in patients with AIDS-associated KS and in some AIDS patients without KS. Seroconversion with IgM and IgG antibodies directed against HHV-8 capsid proteins occurred more than 1 year prior to diagnosis of KS. In a considerable portion of KS patients no IgM or IgG antibodies against HHV-8 capsid proteins were detected. In these patients there was an inverse relationship between antibodies against HHV-8orf26 and the CD4/CD8 ratio, suggesting that the inconsistency of anti-HHV-8orf26 antibodies is due at least partly to an impaired immune response. No reactivity against HHV-8 capsid antigens was detected in the vast majority of sera from HIV-negative control individuals. Our findings indicate that a specific humoral immune response against capsid proteins is raised in HHV-8 infected individuals, and that anti-capsid antibodies can be used to diagnose HHV-8 infection. The correlation between occurrence of anti-HHV-8 antibodies and KS supports the hypothesis of a causative role of HHV-8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Term newborns ; Dyspnoea ; Volume expansion ; Bicarbonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abstract In a prospective, randomised, open trial 103 term newborns with persisting dyspnoea, tachypnoea and/or cyanosis were treated with oxygen for 5–10 min and then with oxygen plus mask continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for another 5–15 min. Cases with overt prenatal or intrapartum obstetric pathology had been excluded from the study. Forty-one infants (40%) responded to this procedure within 10–25 min. The remaining 62 infants (60%) were randomly allocated to one of three forms of further treatment: continuation of mask CPAP for 20 min (group A,n=24), volume expansion with 9 ml of 3 ml albumin, 3 ml glucose, and 3 mEq of sodium bicarbonate (group B,n=24), or volume expansion with 4.5 ml albumin and 4.5 ml glucose (group C,n=14). There was no statistical difference in birth weight, gestational age or Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min between the infants of the groups. Time to normalisation of symptoms was significantly shorter in the volume expansion groups (B: 45±41 min, range 20–180, and C: 80±72 min, range 20–210) than in the mask CPAP group (A: 224±256 min, range 30–1200,P=0.02). There were statistical differences in umbilical cord and capillary pH values among the infants of the three groups, but the response to therapy was not related to the degree of acidaemia. Thirty-four infants (33%) who did not respond were admitted to a special care unit for further examination (group A: 21/24, group B: 7/24; group C: 6/14). Of these, 23 had no abnormal findings, 8 infants had radiological signs of transitory respiratory distress, and 1 had a nontension pneumothorax. Septicaemia was found in two infants. No infant was intubated. At discharge all 103 infants did well. Conclusion Incremental application of simple primary care procedures including volume expansion (with or without alkali) in term newborns with persisting postnatal tachypnoea and dyspnoea helps avoid overtreatment and unnecessary separation from the mothers in most cases and reliably selects infants who need close monitoring or special treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Term newborns ; Dyspnoea ; Volume expansion ; Bicarbonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a prospective, randomised, open trial 103 term newborns with persisting dyspnoea, tachypnoea and/or cyanosis were treated with oxygen for 5–10 min and then with oxygen plus mask continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for another 5–15 min. Cases with overt prenatal or intrapartum obstetric pathology had been excluded from the study. Forty-one infants (40%) responded to this procedure within 10–25 min. The remaining 62 infants (60%) were randomly allocated to one of three forms of further treatment: continuation of mask CPAP for 20 min (group A, n = 24), volume expansion with 9 ml of 3 ml albumin, 3 ml glucose, and 3 mEq of sodium bicarbonate (group B, n = 24), or volume expansion with 4.5 ml albumin and 4.5 ml glucose (group C, n = 14). There was no statistical difference in birth weight, gestational age or Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min between the infants of the groups. Time to normalisation of symptoms was significantly shorter in the volume expansion groups (B: 45 ± 41 min, range 20–180, and C: 80 ± 72 min, range 20–210) than in the mask CPAP group (A: 224 ± 256 min, range 30–1200, P = 0.02). There were statistical differences in umbilical cord and capillary pH values among the infants of the three groups, but the response to therapy was not related to the degree of acidaemia. Thirty-four infants (33%) who did not respond were admitted to a special care unit for further examination (group A: 21/24, group B: 7/24; group C: 6/14). Of these, 23 had no abnormal findings, 8 infants had radiological signs of transitory respiratory distress, and 1 had a non-tension pneumothorax. Septicaemia was found in two infants. No infant was intubated. At discharge all 103 infants did well. Conclusion Incremental application of simple primary care procedures including volume expansion (with or without alkali) in term newborns with persisting postnatal tachypnoea and dyspnoea helps avoid overtreatment and unnecessary separation from the mothers in most cases and reliably selects infants who need close monitoring or special treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 6 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Whether the size of a retroperitoneal lymph node reflects its status is not clear. We measured the size of 125 positive and 160 negative pelvic lymph nodes in 32 consecutive patients with node-positive endometrial cancer. The measurements were compared with those of 143 pelvic lymph nodes of five randomly selected patients with endometrial cancer without node involvement. Overall, positive lymph nodes were larger than negative lymph nodes in both node-positive patients and node- negative controls (P 〈 0.01). There was a positive correlation between the size of positive lymph nodes and the size of the metastasis therein (P 〈 0.01). However, 68 of 125 (54%) positive lymph nodes measured less than 10 mm in maximum diameter, while 46 of 160 (29%) negative lymph nodes in node-positive patients measured more than 10 mm in maximum diameter. The metastasis was detected in more than 50% of step-serial sections in only 74% of positive lymph nodes. These data suggest that the size of a lymph node does not reliably reflect its status. Thus, these nodes may be missed if only enlarged nodes are removed. If only one section of a lymph node is performed, at least 26% of metastases will be missed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 782 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 952-954 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Key words Risk stratification – acute myocardial infarction – magnetocardiography – late fields – late potentials ; Schlüsselwörter Risikostratifizierung – akuter Myokardinfarkt – Magnetokardiographie – Spätfelder – Spätpotentiale
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der Risikostratifizierung für einen plötzlichen Herztod bzw. das Auftreten eines arrhythmogenen Ereignisses nach akutem Myokardinfarkt (AMI) wurden bisher eine hohe Spezifität und ein hoher negativ prädiktiver Wert durch Kombination mehrerer Methoden erreicht. Sensitivität und positive Prädiktion sind jedoch weiterhin nicht ausreichend. Wie der Elektro- liegen der Magnetokardiographie (MKG) dieselben physiologischen Prozesse zugrunde, wobei die Signale der jeweiligen Methode jedoch unterschiedliche Informationen beinhalten. Methodik: Wir untersuchten bei 50 Patienten nach AMI und 32 Probanden die von der Erregungsausbreitung erzeugten Magnetfelder und die daraus analog zu der Spätpotential(LP)analyse ermittelten Spätfelder (LF). Wir definierten anhand der 95%-Konfidenzintervalle Normbereiche für herzgesunde Probanden (QRS (Dauer des gesamten QRS-Komplexes) 〈 = 97 ms, RMS 〉 = 0,6 (Maß für die Fläche des terminalen QRS-Komplexes), LAS (Dauer des terminalen QRS-Komplexes) 〈 25 ms). Ergebnisse: Wir verglichen mittels der erstellten Normwerte die Befunde der LF- mit denen der LP-Messung hinsichtlich pathologisch-nicht patholotisch und fanden bei 76% der Patienten eine Übereinstimmung. Bei 4 Patienten waren im ST-Segment im Gegensatz zum EKG im MKG niedrigamplitudige Signale nachweisbar, während bei 6 Patienten, deren Befund “Spätpotential positiv” nur auf RMS und LAS beruht, im MKG keine Spätfelder gefunden werden konnten. Bei der Normwerterstellung zeigte sich, daß der magnetische QRS-Komplex kürzer als der elektrische ist. Diskussion: Insgesamt liefert die LF-Berechnung ähnliche Ergebnisse wie die LP-Berechnung. Vermutlich existieren magnetisch detektierbare intrakardiale Erregungskreisläufe, die im oberflächlich abgeleiteten EKG keine Potentialdifferenz erzeugen. Welche der beiden Methoden letztendlich die höhere Sensitivität bzw. Spezifität zeigt, bleibt in weiteren Studien mit Hoch-Risikogruppen zu untersuchen.
    Notes: Summary A high specificy and a high positive prediction has been reached in risk stratification for a sudden cardiac death after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by combining multiple methods. But sensitivity and negative prediction are still not satisfying. There are the same physiological processes underlying magnetcardiography (MCG) and electrocardiography (ECG). Nevertheless, the signals in each method contain different information. Methods: We studied the cardiac magnetic fields in 50 patients after AMI and in 32 probands and calculated the magnetic late field (LF), according to Simsons late potential (LP) analysis. We defined normal values, according to the 95% confidence interval of the probands (QRS 〈 =97 ms, RMS 〉 = 0.6, LAS 〈 25 ms). Results: We compared the results of LF and LP analysis regarding pathologic-nonpathologic and found 76% of the patients with the same results in both methods. Four patients had magnetic signals with low amplitude in the ST segment in contrast to the ECG result, while 6 patients with a “LP positive” diagnosis based on RMS and LAS only, did not show LF. In addition, we have found the magnetic QRS complex to be shorter than the electrical one. Discussion: In general, the results of LF measurement are similiar to the ones of LP measurement. Presumably, there are intracardial currents, which are not detectable by ECG. Further studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic value in patients at high risk for cardiac arrhythmias.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Tuberkulöse Meningitis ; Polymerase- Kettenreaktion ; Liquor ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Mycobacterium fortuitum ; Key words Tuberculous meningitis ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Mycobacteria tuberculosis ; Mycobacteria fortuitum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: , alsein ubiquitärer Keim mit geringer Pathogenität, Untersuchungsproben verunreinigen kann und die Verwendung von Primerpaaren, die gruppenspezifische mykobakterielle DNA erkennen, zu falsch-positiven Resultaten führen kann. Für die Validität der PCR ist daher neben der Sensitivität der Nachweisreaktion, die Spezifität der eingesetzten PCR-Primer von großer Bedeutung, um zwischen mykobakteriellen Subtypen zu differenzieren.
    Abstract: Value of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for diagnosing tuberculous meningitis
    Notes: Zusammenfassung
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Polymerase-Kettenreaktion ; Chronisch lymphatische Leukämie ; Monoklonalität ; Leptomeningeale Infiltration ; Key words Polymerase chain reaction ; Chronic lymphatic leukemia ; Monoclonality ; Leptomeningeal infiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The diagnosis of leptomeningeal dissemination of chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) by conventional cytology is unreliable because cytomorphologic criteria of malignancy are often lacking. Immunophenotyping of leukocyte differentiation antigens may also be of limited diagnostic value due to the small number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Molecular methods may support the specific diagnosis of leptomeningeal infiltration of CLL. We present an 54 old patient who was diagnosed with CLL five years ago. Despite clinical signs of leptomeningeal involvement neither magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nor conventional CSF analysis were suggestive of lymphomatous meningitis. Using PCR we selectively amplified the highly variable and clone-specific CDR3 region of the locus encoding the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) in DNA obtained from both CSF and peripheral blood cells. Analysis of PCR products by high resolution gel electrophoresis revealed a single DNA fragment respectively indicating the presence of a monoclonal cell population in both compartments. DNA sequence analysis of the amplified CDR3 segments confirmed the clonal identity of cells and the leptomeningeal dissemination of CLL.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Diagnose einer leptomeningealen Infiltration ist bei der chronisch lymphatischen Leukämie (CLL) mit konventionellen zytomorphologischen Methoden nicht hinreichend möglich. Das Zellbild ist meist monomorph, und eindeutige Malignitätskriterien fehlen. Eine Immunphänotypisierung mit Bestimmung von Leukozytendifferenzierungsantigenen erlaubt eine weitere Eingrenzung, ist jedoch häufig wegen geringen Zellmaterials nur eingeschränkt möglich. Molekulargenetische Methoden können zur weiteren Diagnosesicherung eingesetzt werden. Bei einem 54jährigen Patienten mit einer seit 5 Jahren bestehenden Diagnose einer CLL konnte trotz klinischen Verdachts weder kernspintomographisch noch in der konventionellen Liquordiagnostik ein Anhalt für eine leptomeningeale Infiltration der CLL gefunden werden. Mit der Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) wurde die hochvariable, B-Zell-Klon-spezifische CDR3-Region des für die Immunglobulinkette-Schwerkette (IgH) kodierenden Locus selektiv amplifiziert. Als Ausgangsmaterial wurde zelluläre DNA aus Liquor und Blut des Patienten verwendet. Die Analyse der PCR-Produkte mit hochauflösender Gelelektrophorese ergab sowohl für B-Zellen aus dem Liquor als auch für B-Zellen aus dem Blut ein einzelnes DNA-Fragment. Hierdurch wurde der Nachweis erbracht, daß die Zellpopulationen in beiden Kompartimenten monoklonal sind. Die DNA-Sequenz-Analyse der amplifizierten CDR3-Segmente bestätigte die klonale Identität der Zellen und damit eindeutig die leptomeningeale Infiltration der CLL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 6 (1995), S. 10-13 
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Urethral profilometry ; Uterovaginal prolapse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the continence mechanism in women with uterovaginal prolapse by analysing urethral pressure profiles. Twenty-four women (mean age 59.0±11.9 years, mean parity 3.1±1.6) with prolapse underwent urodynamic evaluation. Urethral pressure profiles were obtained with prolapse and after reduction of the prolapse with a swab stick in the posterior vaginal fornix. After reduction the maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) and pressure transmission ratios (PTR) in all four quartiles of the urethra decreased, the position of the MUCP was shifted proximally and the functional urethral length was increased. Thirteen women reported a history of continence and 11 reported incontinence. Ten of 13 women (77%) who reported continence with prolapse were incontinent with their prolapse reduced. In these women, MUCP and PTRs in the first three quartiles of the urethra decreased significantly upon prolapse reduction. In the patients who reported incontinence with prolapse, only the MUCP decreased significantly upon prolapse reduction. Comparisons between the historically continent and incontinent women showed a statistically significant difference only for PTRs in the second and third quartiles of the urethra before prolapse reduction. Because the position of maximum urethral closure pressure before reduction was located in the distal half of the urethra in all patients, we conclude that direct pressure of the prolapsed mass on the urethra (rather than kinking) is the mechanism masking incompetence of the urethral closure mechanism in women with uterovaginal prolapse. The 77% rate of latent incontinence in this series suggests that women with severe pelvic relaxation should undergo careful urogynecologic evaluation before an attempt at surgical correction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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