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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Intertemporal Relationship Between the Currency Spot Market and the Currency Option Market (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of business finance & accounting 23 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-5957
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study examines the lead/lag relationship between currency option and currency spot markets for the Deutsche mark and the Japanese yen. Using intraday currency option transactions data for the year 1989 and applying a European type currency option pricing model, pair data series of the implied and the observed exchange rates are compiled. Causality tests are then employed to test the causal relation between the observed and the implied exchange rate changes. The results indicate that the currency spot market leads the currency option market by about ninety minutes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-5957.00081
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Tooling Technology. Part 1. A Comparative Study (1999)
    Springer
    The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology 15 (1999), S. 604-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3015
    Keywords: Key words.Direct tooling; Hard tooling; Indirect tooling; Rapid prototyping (RP); Rapid tooling (RT); Soft tooling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Rapid tooling (RT) is the technology that adopts rapid prototyping (RP) techniques and applies them to tool and die making. Research into RT techniques has shown that it is gaining more importance and is starting to pose a serious threat to conventional machining. In this paper, several popular RT techniques are discussed and then classified. A comparison is also made on these techniques based on tool life, tool development time and cost of tool development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001700050108
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Tooling Technology. Part 2. A Case Study Using Arc Spray Metal Tooling (1999)
    Springer
    The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology 15 (1999), S. 609-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3015
    Keywords: Key words.Arc spray metal tooling; Injection moulding; Rapid prototyping (RP); Rapid tooling (RT)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this case study of arc spray metal tooling, the feasibility of implementing arc metal spraying on a master, produced using an RP technique, to produce the tool is tested. This tool is then used to produce plastic parts in injection molding. In this project, the tool was completed in less than 2 weeks and at an approximate cost of $4180. Compared to traditional tool shop methods, this method would provide time and cost savings of at least 50%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001700050109
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid method for detecting bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates in intact cells by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 51 (1999), S. 523-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are synthesized by many bacteria as inclusion bodies, and their biodegradability and structural diversity have been studied with a view to their potential application as biodegradable materials. In this paper, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to carry out rapid qualitative analysis of PHA in intact bacterial cells. The FT-IR spectra of pure PHA containing short-chain-length monomers, such as hydroxybutyrate (HB), medium-chain-length hydroxyalkanoate (mclHA) monomers including hydroxyoctanoate (HO) and hydroxydecanoate (HD), or both HB and mclHA monomers, showed their strong characteristic band at 1728 cm−1, 1740 cm−1 or 1732 cm−1 respectively. Other accompanying bands near 1280 cm−1 and 1165 cm−1 helped identify the types of PHA. The intensity of the methylene band near 2925 cm−1 provided additional information for PHA characterization. In comparison, bacterial cells accumulating the above PHA also showed strong marker bands at 1732 cm−1, 1744 cm−1 or 1739 cm−1, corresponding to intracellular PHB, mclPHA and P(HB + mclHA) respectively. The accompanying bands visible in pure PHA were also observable in the intact cells. The FT-IR results were further confirmed by gas chromatography analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051427
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of functional connectivity between substrate recognition domains ofEscherichia coli glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 252 (1996), S. 717-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase ; Temperature sensitivity ; Substrate specificity ; Aminoacylation ; Suppressor tRNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It has previously been shown that the single mutation E222K in glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (GlnRS) confers a temperature-sensitive phenotype onEscherichia coli. Here we report the isolation of a pseudorevertant of this mutation, E222K/C171G, which was subsequently employed to investigate the role of these residues in substrate discrimination. The three-dimensional structure of the tRNAGln: GlnRS:ATP ternary complex revealed that both E222 and C171 are close to regions of the protein involved in interactions with both the acceptor stem and the 3′ end of tRNAGln. The potential involvement of E222 and C171 in these interactions was confirmed by the observation that GlnRS-E222K was able to mischargesupF tRNATyr considerably more efficiently than the wild-type enzyme, whereas GlnRS-E222K/C171G could not. These differences in substrate specificity also extended to anticodon recognition, with the double mutant able to distinguishsupE tRNA CUA Gln from tRNA 2 Gln considerably more efficiently than GlnRS E222K. Furthermore, GlnRS-E222K was found to have a 15-fold higher Km for glutamine than the wild-type enzyme, whereas the double mutant only showed a 7-fold increase. These results indicate that the C171G mutation improves both substrate discrimination and recognition at three domains in GlnRS-E222K, confirming recent proposals that there are extensive interactions between the active site and regions of the enzyme involved in tRNA binding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02173978
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphologies and release behavior of polyurea microcapsules from different polyisocyanates (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 34 (1999), S. 3161-3164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Polyurea microcapsules were prepared by emulsion polymerization after adding an aqueous solution with poly(vinyl alcohol) as protective colloid into an organic solution with migrin oil as core material, 1,4-diamino anthraquinone (DAA) as penetrator, and different molar ratios of isophorone diisocyanates (IPDI) and toluene diisocyanates (TDI) as wall materials. The effects of diisocyanate types on the morphologies and release behavior of the resultant microcapsules were investigated. The transmittance (%) of the completely dissolved microcapsule in dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) by UV/visible spectrophotometer decreased with the content of aliphatic IPDI in the wall by increasing the wall thickness due to its inferior reactivity compared to aromatic TDI. Also in SEM images, these polyurea microcapsules from higher TDI content had rougher surfaces. In conclusion, the release profiles of the microcapsules in extraction solution showed that release rate of DAA depended on the roughness of the microcapsules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004621620955
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depth distribution of239,240Pu and137Cs in soils of South Korea (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 204 (1996), S. 135-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Depth distribution of239,240Pu and137Cs in the soils of South Korea have been studied. The average accumulated depositions were estimated roughly to be 54.8±32.1 Bq·m−2 for239,240Pu, 1.6±1.0 Bq· ·m−2 for238Pu and 1982.8±929.1 Bq·m−2 for137Cs. The activity ratios of239,240Pu/137Cs in soils were found to be in the narrow range of 0.0153 to 0.0364 with a mean value of 0.0230±0.006. The concentrations of239,240Pu and137Cs in soils decrease exponentially with increasing the soil depth. A significant correlation was found between the concentration of239,240Pu and that of137Cs. The activity ratios of239,240Pu/137Cs tend to increase slightly with increasing soil depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02060874
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological changes in annealed ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) gel-filmsPart of this paper was presented in the International Symposium on Polymer Alloys and Composites held in Hong Kong in December, 1992. (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 739-744 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: morphology ; annealing ; UHMWPE gel-film, IR spectral difference ; x-ray diffraction ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: X-ray diffraction of the UHMWPE gel-films has shown that high heating rate annealing of the films causes deformation of the crystallites. The apparent crystal sizes change with the annealing temperature (Ta). With Ta below 110°C, the dimensions of the crystallites in c-axis (Lc) increase associated with the decreasing in a-axis (La) and b-axis (Lb), but the changes are small because of the higher energy barrier. When Ta is raised to 138°C, Lc is nearly doubled its value at 60°C whereas Lb increases and La remains unchanged. IR spectral subtraction was applied to reveal the morphological changes of the gel-films upon annealing. It has been found that bands of the same type of conformation have different sensitivities subject to the thermal treatment at different annealing temperatures. The results can be understood by assuming the changing process being completed through chain segments sliding along the (020) sectors. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330501
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface analyses of polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fibers by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 1987-1991 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In this work, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were developed by the common processes of stabilization, carbonization, and steam activation. Those fibers were successively subjected to heat treatment in a vacuum at high temperature and reactivation in steam. The changes in specific surface area and surface chemical characteristics were studied. The vaccum treatment reduced the surface area dramatically, while the surface nitrogen decreased after activation in steam and the surface oxygen was lowered upon the vaccum treatment. By curve-fitting the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of C1s, O1s, and N1s, it was shown that the forms and compositions of the oxygen-containing functionalities seemed not to be affected significantly by the above-mentioned heat-treat-ment processes, whereas the nitrogen-containing functionalities showed some changes with these treatments. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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