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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 117 (1995), S. 10397-10398 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 149 (1996), S. 33-40 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Chlorotrifluoroethylene — GABA receptor — Voltage clamp — Chloride current —Xenopus oocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. GABA-activated Cl− current was expressed in Xenopus oocytes after injecting cRNA that had been transcribed in vitro from complementary DNA (cDNA) coding for a single GABA ρi-subunit cloned from human retina. The expressed current was insensitive to 100 μm bicuculline, but was activated by the GABA analogue trans-4-aminocrontonic acid (TACA). Anion-selective permeability of the expressed ρ1-subunit was determined by isotonically replacing the extracellular Cl− with different anions. The anion permeability was very similar to the native GABAA receptor/channel following a sequence of SCN− 〉 I− 〉 NO3 − 〉 Br−≥ Cl−. Halogenated fatty acids, such as chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) and perfluorinated oligomer acids inhibited the GABA-induced current in oocytes expressing the human retinal GABA ρ1-subunit or rat brain GABAA receptor α1,β2,γ2 subunits. The inhibitory effect of halogenated fatty acids demonstrated a carbon chain length-dependent manner of: C10 〉 C8 〉 C6 〉 C4. Perfluorinated C8-oligomer acid (PFOA) was less effective at blocking this channel than the C8-CTFE oligomer acid. Radiolabeled GABA binding assay indicated that CTFE oligomer acids do not interfere at the GABA binding site of the receptor. Furthermore, the C8-CTFE oligomer fatty acid did not compete with picrotoxin for binding sites within the pore of the channel. These studies demonstrated that the heterologous expression system is useful for studying the molecular interaction between potential neurotoxic agents and neuroreceptors. Our results provide detailed information that should contribute to our understanding of the structure and function of retinal GABA receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 164 (1998), S. 115-124 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Receptor/channel — Retinal ρ1-subunit — Chimera — Voltage-clamp — Barbiturates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Desensitization of ligand-gated receptor channels is an intrinsic feedback mechanism and prevents the receptor/channels from becoming overly activated thereby maintaining biological function of the nervous system. Desensitization also plays an important role in neuronal plasticity. By taking advantage of biophysical and pharmacological diversities of GABA β2 subunits from the brain and ρ1 subunits from the retina, structural determinants that confer agonist-induced desensitization were identified. A synthetic chimeric receptor/channel was created from the β2 and ρ1 subunits for this investigation. The chimera was constructed from the extracellular N-domain of the β2 subunit, extending from the amino terminus to the beginning region of the M1 transmembrane segment, and from the C-domain of the ρ1 subunit extending from the M1 transmembrane segment to the carboxyl terminus. The C-domain region included the M1 to M4 transmembrane regions and the large intracellular loop between the M3 and M4 transmembrane segments. Homo-oligomeric GABA β2, ρ1, and β2/ρ1 chimeric receptor/channels were individually expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and the desensitization characteristics attributable to each type of subunit were compared. Results from the present study reveal that motifs in the amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal domains of the β2 subunit conferred the agonist-induced desensitization; chloroform modulation was linked to specific phases of the GABA-activated current decay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 849-852 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Focal heterotopia ; Neuronal migration ; Developmental language disorder ; Monozygotic twins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe 9-year-old monozygotic male twins with a developmental language disorder of the phonologic-syntactic type and learning difficulties. High-resolution MRI revealed bilateral parieto-temporal grey matter heterotopias in both twins, on the left more than on the right, and more pronounced in the more affected twin. This suggests a causal relationship between the heterotopias and the neuropsychological findings in this twin pair. Conclusion Neuronal migration defects and ensuing focal heterotopias may be causally related to developmental language disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 13 (1995), S. 256-261 
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Various characteristics of anomalous nighttime enhancement in ionospheric electron content (IEC) at Lunping (14.08°N geomagnetic), a station near the crest of the equatorial anomaly, have been presented by considering the IEC data for the 21st solar cycle. Out of a total of 1053 enhancements, 354 occur in pre-midnight and 699 occur in post-midnight hours, which indicates an overall dominance of post-midnight events at Lunping. The occurrence is more frequent during summer, less during the equinox and least during winter months. All the characteristics of the enhancements have seasonal dependencies and they reach their maximum values during summer months. The occurrence of the pre-midnight events show positive and post-midnight events show negative correlation with solar activity. The results have been discussed and compared with those at low-latitude stations in India and Hawaii and at the mid-latitude station, Tokyo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 17 (1995), S. 1499-1503 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Optical properties of thin films, surfaces, and thin layer structures (including superlattices, heterostructures, and intercalation compounds) ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We have studied modulation spectra related to the intersubband transitions at 300 K and 20 K from an In GaAs/GaAs-strained asymmetric triangular quantum well (ATQW) heterostructures fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy using the digital alloy compositional grading (DACG) method. A careful analysis of the spectra has led to the identification of various excitonic transitions,mnh(1), between them-th conduction band state to then-th, heavy (light)-hole band state. Comparison of the observed intersubband transitions with a theoretical calculation based on the envelope, function model, including the effects of strain provided a self-consistent verification that the DACG method produced the intended ATQW composition profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 8 (1995), S. 110-120 
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: micromechanics ; elastic modulus ; microcracked solid ; energy approach
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Micromechanics models have been developed for the determination of the elastic moduli of microcracked solids based on different approaches and interpretations, including the dilute or non- interacting solution, the Mori- Tanaka method, the self-consistent method, and the generalized self-consistent method. It is shown in the present study that all these micromechanics models can be unified within an energy-equivalence framework, and that they differ only in the way in which the microcrack opening and sliding displacements are evaluated. Relevance to the differential methods and the verification of these models are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 62 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fat and water contents of meat tissues strongly influence their thermo-physical properties. Seven groups of ground chicken breast meat containing varying amounts of fat and water were prepared for this investigation. Each group was heated to end-point temperatures (EPTs) of 69.0 to 71.0°C at 0.5°C intervals. Severity of heat treatments was evaluated by the total process lethality calculated using the General Method. The fat and water contents affected the heating time to reach specific EPTs and the residual catalatic activity at EPTs of 69.0, 69.5 and 70.0°C, but did not affect total process lethality. The variation of the catalase method for determining EPT was related to the sample composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 64 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two half-products were prepared from tapioca starch/catfish fillet-belly flap mince (60:40) and tapioca starch/partially defatted peanut flour (PDPF) (60:40) by twin-screw extrusion. The process variables were temperature in the last two zones of the extruder (90,95,100°C) and screw speeds (100, 250, 400 rpm). Moisture content (40%, wet basis) and feed rate (27 g/min) were held constant. Simultaneously increasing temperature and screw speed resulted in increased expansion, and decreased bulk density and shear strength. Degree of starch gelatinization in half-products ranged from 87 to 95%. Optimum conditions predicted by response surface methodology were: for fish half-products 94–100°C and 220–400 rpm and for peanut half-products, 95–100°C and 230–400 rpm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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