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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a spin-glass and a cluster-glass by Mössbauer measurements: Fe0.5Mn0.5TiO3 and Fe0.2Mg0.8TiO3 (1996)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 18 (1996), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Spin arrangements in magnetically ordered materials (including neutron and spin-polarized electron studies, synchrotron-source X-ray scattering, etc.) ; Critical-point effects, specific heats short-range order ; Antiferromagnetics ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Mössbauer measurements have been made on two kinds of spin-glass (SG) systems: one is the magnetically non-diluted mixed compound Fe0.5Mn0.5TiO3 with the SG-freezing temperatureT SG=21.5K, and the other is the diluted one Fe0.2Mg0.8TiO3 withT SG=6K. We have shown that the temperature variation of the Mössbauer spectrum of Fe0.2Mg0.8TiO3 above and around itsT SG is essentially different from that of Fe0.5Mn0.5TiO3: the former is typical of a cluster-glass and the latter of an ordinary spin-glass. The present work has clearly demonstrated that the Mössbauer spectroscopy is the most useful and unique technique to distinguish a cluster-glass from an ordinary spin-glass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02458902
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Retinoic Acid (RA) in MNU-induced Rat Mammary Tumors (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 768 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb12126.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A vesicular variant of bullous pemphigoid with autoantibodies against unidentified 205- and 150-kDa proteins at the basement membrane zone (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 137 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We describe a 75-year-old man who developed a vesicular variant of bullous pemphigoid with a distinctive result of immunoblot analysis. Characteristic symptoms consisted of vesiculopapular eruptions with erythematous patches on the arms and legs, many of which fused to form irregularly outlined areas of erythema varying in size. Direct immunofluorescence revealed a linear deposition of IgG at the basement membrane zone of the skin, and indirect immunofluorescence detected circulating IgG autoantibodies at a titre of 1: 160. which reacted with the antigens located on the epidermal side of skin split with 1 mol/L, NaCI. Immunoblot analysis using epidermal extracts demonstrated the presence of IgG antibodies directed to 150, 205, 240 and 280 kDa proteins as well as to the 180kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen (BPAG2). All antibodies eluted from nitrocellulose membrane imprints of individual bands with molecular weights of 150, 180 and 205 kDa were found by indirect immunofluorescence to react with the basement membrane zone, whereas those elutcd from the bands with molecular weights of 240 and 280 kDa did not. These findings suggest that antibodies directed not only to the 180kDa BPAG2, but also to 150 and 205 kDa proteins, are involved in the pathogenesis of bulla formation in this patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.19502046.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion-beam annealing of electron traps in n-type Si by post-H+ implantation (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 1053-1057 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of post-H+ implantation on electron traps that are induced by P+ implantation (300 keV, 1×109 cm−2) has been studied by deep-level transient spectroscopy. H+ implantation is performed at room temperature to a dose of 2×1010 cm−2 in the range 30–120 keV. The post-H+ implantation partly decreases the concentration of the electron traps induced by P+ implantation, although it increases the concentrations around the projected range of H+. The annealing effect is ascribed to the reaction of preexisting defects with point defects induced by postimplantation. Peaks are observed in the reduction ratio profiles of the preexisted trap concentrations versus the distance from the projected ranges of postimplantation. The highest values of the reduction ratios in each postimplantation tend to decrease with increasing distance between the projected ranges of P+ and H+. This is due to the decrease of the supply of point defects caused by postimplantation with increasing distance. We compare the reduction ratio profiles of the dominant three electron traps (Ec−0.12, 0.15, and 0.39 eV). © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365870
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray Holographic Microscopy of Biological Specimens with an Electronic Zooming Tube (1996)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 3 (1996), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: X-ray holographic microscopy of biological specimens has been performed using in-line holography with the following improvements: (i) an electronic zooming tube is utilized as a detector, and (ii) the object planes are restricted by a metal frame which is not transparent to X-rays at the wavelengths used in the present experiments. The latter modification is useful in computer reconstruction and serves as a reference area where there are no photons in the reconstructed images. This system can minimize the inclusion of errors when recording and reading out holograms compared with methods using an X-ray resist as a detector, or optical reconstruction methods. Two-dimensional images of human cells have been successfully obtained with the present system. Comparison of these images with optical images revealed a good coincidence in structure outlines but not in internal structure images. Holographic observation of HeLa cells at different wavelengths showed a wavelength dependence of the reconstructed images. Since the electronic zooming tube is applicable to a wide range of X-ray wavelengths and has a promising potential to improve its resolution, these results strongly suggest that the present system is a good candidate for the development and establishment of an X-ray holographic microscopy system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049595014294
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of submicron-sized multihollow polymer particles by alkali/cooling method (1996)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 801-804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Multihollow particles ; emulsion polymerization ; morphology ; carboxyl group ; alkali swelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Submicron-sized styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer particles, which were produced by emulsion copolymerization, were changed to those having multihollow structure by treating stepwise the emulsion as follows. First alkali treatment was carried out at higher temperature than the glass transition temperature and subsequently the emulsion was cooled by keeping it at room temperature. This was named “alkali/cooling method”. The effects of methacrylic acid content, pH, time and temperature in the alkali treatment on the formation of multihollow structure were clarified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00654677
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of molecular weight on the production of multi-hollow polymer particles by the alkalîcooling method (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 275 (1997), S. 82-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Multi-hollow particle ; emulsion polymerization ; morphology ; carboxyl group ; alkali swelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The effects of molecular weight, particle diameter and cooling condition on the formation of multi-hollow structure formed within submicron-sized styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer particles by the “alkali/cooling method” proposed by the authors were examined and the formation mechanism was proposed. The original particles were produced by emulsion copolymerization in the presence of n-octyl mercaptan as a chain transfer agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050055
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of submicron-sized multihollow polymer particles having high transition temperatures by the stepwise alkali/acid method (1996)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 428-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Multihollow particles ; emulsion polymerization ; morphology ; carboxyl group ; transition temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Submicron-sized multihollow styrene-methacrylic acid (92.6/7.4, molar ratio) copolymer particles having high transition temperature above 100°C were produced by using the stepwise alkali/acid method proposed by the authors. The original particles were prepared by emulsion copolymerization of styrene and methacrylic acid. The effects of pH, temperature and time in the alkali treatment process as the first step on the multihollow structure were clarified under the same acid treatment conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652464
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of polymer composition on the production of cationic multihollow polymer particles by the stepwise acid/alkali method (1999)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 277 (1999), S. 589-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Hollow ; Particle ; Emulsion polymerization ; Morphology ; Swelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of the polymer composition on the formation of multihollow structures formed within submicron-sized styrene–butyl acrylate–dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate terpolymer particles by the “acid/alkali method” proposed by the authors was examined. The cationic particles were produced by seeded emulsion terpolymerization with 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride initiator. The dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate content and the glass-transition temperature of the terpolymer greatly affected the formation of the multihollow structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050430
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of nanoparticles by “dissolution” of submicron-sized ionized styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer particles in nonionic emulsifier solution (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 275 (1997), S. 170-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Carboxyl group ; emulsion polymerization ; nanoparticles ; microsphere ; emulsifier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer (P(S-MAA)) nanoparticles having high Tg were produced by a dissolution of submicron-sized P(S-MAA) particles as follows. Submicron-sized P(S-MAA) particles having various MAA contents were produced by emulsion copolymerization. Secondly, they were treated in a polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl-ether nonionic emulsifier aqueous solution at pH 13.0 and above 90 °C. The nanoparticles having about 30 nm in diameter were only produced from the particles having MAA contents around 7 mol%, and above the contents, they were not produced. It seems to be based on that emulsifier molecules are not adsorbed onto the polymer molecules enough to dissolve them. The effect of MAA content on such a dissolution behavior was examined using seven kinds of different nonionic emulsifiers having hydrophile-lipophile-balance values between 12.2 and 18.2 at various temperatures and initial pH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050067
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