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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Aldose reductase inhibitor, polyol pathway, diabetic macroangiopathy, galactose.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Although increased polyol pathway activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy, the relation with diabetic macroangiopathy remains unclear. Galactose feeding is known to stimulate the polyol pathway and to develop abnormalites similar to those in diabetic microangiopathy. Our study was conducted to investigate whether an activation of polyol pathway by long-term treatment with galactose produced morphological changes in coronary arteries of dogs and the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor, epalrestat, was also studied.¶Methods. Dogs received either normal chow or chow containing 30 % galactose with or without epalrestat given orally (20 or 50 mg · kg–1). After 44 months, morphometric analyses of coronary arteries were carried out and the galactitol contents in aortas were measured.¶Results. The ratio of areas of the intimal layer to those of the medial layer, an indicator of intimal thickening, was statistically significantly increased in galactose-fed dogs compared with control dogs. Galactose-fed dogs had a remarkable accumulation of galactitol in their aortas. These morphological and biochemical deficits were reduced by treatment with epalrestat.¶Conclusion/interpretation. This report morphologically shows diabetes-like macrovascular abnormalities in galactosaemic animals, suggesting that polyol pathway hyperactivity is closely related to the development of diabetic macroangiopathy, which could be prevented by aldose reductase inhibition. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1404–1409]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 200 (1999), S. 403-411 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Eye ; Vitreous ; Tunica vasculosa lentis ; Vasa hyaloidea propria ; Macrophage ; Vascular regression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Regression of the pupillary membrane (PM) and hyaloid vessels – hyaloid arteries (HAs), tunica vasculosa lentis (TVL), and vasa hyaloidea propria (VHP) – in mice aged from 0 to 16 days was observed using stereomicroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Whole-mount stereomicroscopy revealed that the pattern of normal developed vessels was basically the same as that reported in rats and rabbits and that the VHP and PM disappeared between 12 and 16 days and 10 and 12 days, respectively, while certain examples of the TVL and HA remained even at 16 days. In the TVL, VHP and PM, regression occurred segmentally and resulted in a decreased number of interconnections. The ultrastructure of the vessels in the VHP, TVL and PM was consistent with a typical capillary with pericyte covering and no fenestrations. HAs had tunica media and adventitia in the older stages. Some endothelial cells in the TVL and PM attaching to the lens capsule were thin at the side of the lens. Many macrophages were observed in the vitreous and around vessels in the whole-mount specimens at all stages. Some macrophages remained linearly arranged even after vessels became vestigial and disappeared. In transmission electron microscopy, most of these macrophages were seen to possess vacuoles and/or processes, and some of them had phagosomes. Electron microscopic findings from regressing ocular vessels were consistent with the apoptosis of both endothelia and pericytes. Obstruction of the vessels was noted at older stages. These results add further anatomical information to previous studies and suggest that the VHP and TVL as well as PM regress via apoptosis. The precise mechanisms of regression of hyaloid vessels and the role of macrophages remain for further studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Hyper-IgM syndrome ; CD40 ligand ; Necrotizing toxoplasmic encephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report on a 9-year-old boy with the hyper-IgM syndrome who presented with rapid impairment of consciousness. The brain CT scan showed multiple round lucencies, and the brain histology revealed necrotizing toxoplasmic encephalitis. This patient, whose CD40/CD40 ligand system was impaired, indicates the importance of this system for defence against toxoplasmic infection. Conclusion Although disseminated toxoplasmosis is a rare complication of the hyper-IgM syndrome, it must be included in the differential diagnosis of infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 648-652 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Lactic acidaemia ; Thiamine ; Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex ; Thiamine pyrophosphate ; Sodium dichloroacetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lactic acidaemia is sometimes associated with a defect of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), catalysing the thiamine-dependent decarboxylation of pyruvate. The activity of PDHC for different thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) concentrations was determined in 13 patients with lactic acidaemia, clinically responsive to thiamine treatment in order to assess the role of PDHC in the aetiology of thiamine-responsive lactic acidaemia. Culture of lymphoblastoid cells and skin fibroblasts and muscle biopsies were performed in these 13 patients. The activity of PDHC to sodium dichloroacetate (DCA), known as the activator of PDHC, was also examined. Three groups were identified according to PDHC activity. Group 1 (two patients) displayed very low PDHC activity, which was not increased by DCA. This PDHC activity increased at high TPP concentrations. Group 2 (five patients) displayed below normal PDHC activity at low TPP concentrations, increased by DCA. This PDHC activity became normal at high TPP concentrations. PDHC deficiency in these patients of groups 1 and 2 was due to a decreased affinity of PDHC for TPP. Group 3 included six patients with normal PDHC activity at low as well as high TPP concentrations. This PDHC activity was increased by DCA. Conclusion High concentrations of TPP may be required for maximal activity of PDHC in some patients with lactic acidaemia. The assay of PDHC activity, performed at a low concentration of TPP (1 × 10−4 mM) allows selection of patients with thiamine-responsive lactic acidaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1745-4514
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of vegetable oligopeptides on the reduction of blood ethanol. Studies were done after intragastric ethanol intake of 1 g/kg body weight ethanol in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Intragastric administered corn peptide caused a significant attenuation of the increase in blood ethanol levels. However, pea peptide did not influence blood ethanol levels. Pea peptide has a similar molecular weight as corn peptide. In the plasma, alanine, branched-chain amino acids, and proline concentrations were significantly elevated by the administrations of all oligopeptides as compared to the control group, but the leucine level was elevated more so by the corn peptide compared to wheat peptide or pea peptide. Consequently, these results suggested that corn peptide may lower the increase in blood ethanol levels after ethanol intake by the marked elevation of plasma alanine and leucine, especially leucine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Erythema infectiosum is known to be caused by human parvovirus B19 and shows characteristic clinical skin manifestations in children, although adult cases of human parvovirus B19 infection do not always show such characteristic features. Recently, we experienced an epidemic adult cases of human parvovirus B19 infection and examined the erythematous skin lesion by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy to clarify the pathogenesis of the skin manifestations. Light microscopic examination showed slightly irregular-shaped vessels in the dermis. By immunohistochemistry, using anti-human parvovirus B19 monoclonal antibody, positive reactions were found in endothelial cells. No immunoglobulins were found, but C3 deposits were present in the perivascular areas. By electron microscopy, virus particles were found in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells. An inflammatory reaction due to the direct human parvovirus B19 infection in dermal vessels seems to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the skin manifestations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 19-year-old woman with a cutaneous ciliated cyst on her buttock is reported. Histological, histochemical, and electron microscopic studies revealed ciliated cells, mucinous cells showing merocrine secretion, and areas of squamous metaplasia in the cyst wall. This is the first case of cutaneous ciliated cyst that contained non-ciliated mucinous cells as a component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A case of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia arising on the face of a woman is reported. Histologically, the uniqueness of this case is the presence of multinucleated cells (MNCs), besides the conventional dermal changes. Electron microscopy showed that some of the apparent MNCs are clusters of endothelial cells forming immature vascular lumens with numerous microvilli, and the other MNCs displayed the recognized features of fibrohistiocytic or myofibroblastic cells. Immunohistochemically, some MNCs were positive for Ulex europaeus agglutinin and Factor VIII-related antigen. From these findings, some of the MNCs are histologically endothelial sprouts, and the others are fibrohistiocytic cells in the present case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Forty-four teeth in 38 patients, diagnosed with chronic apical periodontitis, were endodontically treated. Root canals were shaped using a step-back technique with 5% NaOCl and 3% H2O2 as irrigants. In half of the teeth the canal terminus was irradiated with pulsed Nd:YAG laser (1 W, 15 pps, 1 s). All canals were then obturated with laterally condensed gutta-percha points and sealer, and final radiographs were obtained. Occurrence of spontaneous pain was recorded 1 day after treatment. Percussion pain was recorded after 1 week, and then at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Radiographic follow-up was performed at 3 and 6 months. Percussion pain was significantly less (P〉0.05) in the laser-treated group than in the control group, both 1 week and 3 months after treatment. Other differences between the groups were not significant. These results suggested that the clinical application of pulsed Nd: YAG laser might be advantageous for the treatment of infected root canals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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