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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Compatibility ; HLA ; Systemic sclerosis ; Susceptibility ; Fetal-maternal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a disease of unknown origin, which occurs predominantly in women after childbearing years. There are prominent clinical and histopathologic similarities between SSc and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). GVHD can occur after blood transfusions or after transplantation with HLA-compatible bone marrow. Here we examined the hypothesis that SSc may be caused by fetal cells crossing the placenta into the maternal circulation and providing donor lymphocytes which recognize disparate HLA antigens, resulting in a reaction similar to chronic GVHD. To test the hypothesis we analyzed the inheritance of HLA class I and class II haplotypes in the families of 37 SSc patients and 42 control individuals. Twenty-six (70.2%) SSc patients had HLA class II alleles compatible either for their offspring or mother, compared with only nine (21%) control individuals. The four patients with juvenile onset SSc we analyzed had alleles compatible with their mothers. These results suggest that in some patients, SSc may, indeed, be a form of chronic GVHD caused by fetal or maternal cells which have crossed the placenta during pregnancy and have remained unrecognized by the host due to class II HLA compatibility, and that subsequent activation of these cells by as yet unknown stimuli result in the development of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 51 (1997), S. 505-506 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Cerebellopathy ; Flucytosine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: An 87-year old woman with no relevant personal or family history was admitted to the hospital for headache, fever, and confusion over the past week. The vital signs, general and neurological examination were normal. In laboratory tests, the urine, urea nitrogen, glucose, bilirubin, electrolytes, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, haematocrit, white-cell count, and platelet were also normal. A lumbar puncture was performed which showed: 60 typical lymphocytes per ml, adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity 6 U ⋅ l−1 (normal under 4 U ⋅ l−1), proteins 75.7 mg ⋅ dl−1, and glucose 13 mg ⋅ dl−1 with a glycaemia of 120 mg ⋅ dl−1. The microbiology study showed staining and a positive culture for Cryptococcus neoformans, and an antigen titre of 1/2080. The serology for HIV infection was negative, and other predisposing factors for this fungal infection, such as immunological defects, a lymphoreticular malignancy and sarcoidosis were excluded. A CT scan of the cranial-thoracic-abdominal regions was normal and tumour markers were absent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 42 (1996), S. 181-184 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Ewe's milk ; Whey proteins ; Goat's milk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect added cows' milk in goat and ewe's milk. Analysis of the whey proteins enabled detection of mixtures in proportions of less than 1%. The method does not distinguish between goat and ewe's milk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words DNA polymorphisms ; Standardization ; Collaborative exercise ; Forensics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract Since 1992 the Spanish and Portuguese Working Group (GEP) of the International Society for Forensic Haemogenetics (ISFH) has been organizing collaborative exercises on DNA profiling with the aim of making progress on standardization and discussing technical and statistical problems in DNA analysis. A total of four exercises (GEP-92 to GEP-95) have been carried out until now. A consequence of these exercises was the creation of a quality control programme in Spain and Portugal in 1995 which was carried out simultaneously with the GEP-95 exercise. The number of participating laboratories increased from 10 in the first exercise (GEP-92) to 19 in the last exercise (GEP-95). Despite this increasing number of participating laboratories, results remained satisfactory. In the last exercises, all the laboratories used PCR-based DNA polymorphisms with an increasing number of markers obtaining good results. SLPs were used by only 30% of laboratories in the last two exercises but the results indicated a good level of expertise in most of these laboratories. The reasons for these successful results are the common use of the EDNAP protocol for SLP analysis and commercially available kits or common sequenced allelic ladders for PCR-based DNA polymorphisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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