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  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:26.20.+f Hydrostatic stellar nucleosynthesis – 25.60.Dz Interaction and reaction cross sections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The loss of 8Li recoil nuclei in 7Li(d,p)8Li has been measured using different backings and 7LiF target thicknesses as well as different deuteron energies. The results confirm essentially recent TRIM calculations. The losses are large (about 13%) for the combination of thin targets and heavy backings at E d=0.80 MeV and increase with decreasing deuteron energy. The implications on the cross sections for 7Li(d,p)8Li and 7Be(p,γ)8B are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 351 (1995), S. 107-112 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.55.−e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Thed(d, n) 3He andd(d,p)t fusion reactions have been studied at center-of-mass energies E=1.6 to 130 keV using intense beam currents from 30, 100, and 450 kV accelerators in combination with detectors in close and far geometry. The cross sesction ratio,R(E)=σ(d,n)/σ(d, p), approaches unity (within 2%) at low energies; thus there is no experimental evidence for the Oppenheimer-Phillips effect at subcoulomb energies. The cross sections of d(d, p)t at E≦10keV show clear evidence for electron screening effects. However, the observed cross section enhancement is significantly larger than can be accounted for from available atomic physics models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:25.60.Bx Elastic scattering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstact: The elastic scattering cross sections, σ (E,θ), for the systems He+Ta and He+W have been measured at θlab=165° and E lab=76.1 keV to 3.988 MeV using targets with a thickness of a few atomic layers. The results are smaller than the results given by the Rutherford scattering law, σR(E,θ), due to the effects of electron screening and can be described by σ(E,θ)/σR(E,θ)=(1+Ue/E)−1, where U e is an atomic screening potential energy. The deduced average value, U e=28 ± 3 keV, is consistent with the Moliére- and Lenz-Jensen-models as well as electron binding energies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Aus Bisacrylaten wurden durch photoinduzierte Vernetzung in der isotropen Phase zweikomponentige Netzwerke synthetisiert. Bei allen Systemen wurde als eine Komponente ein Bisacrylat verwendet, das eine flüssigkristalline Phase bilden kann, und als zweite Komponente ein Bisacrylat, das dazu nicht in der Lage ist. Die isotrope Komponente wurde hinsichtlich ihrer Größe, Geometrie und Polarität variiert. Für alle Systeme wurden mittels einer Wärmeflußkalorimetrie (DSC) Phasendiagramme der Monomermischungen erstellt. Das Phasenverhalten der Systeme zeigt eine Abhängigkeit vom Schmelzpunkt und der chemischen Struktur der isotropen Zweitkomponente. Die Vernetzungstemperatur wurde so gewählt, dafß die Vernetzung in der isotropen Phase 10 °C über der Phasenllbergangstemperatur erfolgte. Die Reaktionskinetik wurde aus den Photopolymerisationsenthalpien mittels eines für photochemische Vernetzungen modifizierten DSC-Gerätes untersucht. Die Zeitabhängigkeit des Umsatzes und der Gesamtumsatz an Acrylatbindungen wurden aus den DSC-Kurven ermittelt. Der Gesamtumsatz hängt nicht von der Reaktionstemperatur und der Struktur der Monomeren ab und liegt je nach Zusammensetzung füralle Systeme zwischen 53 und 71%. Die Zeitabhängigkeit des Umsatzes hingegen wird von der Struktur des nicht flüssigkristallinen Comonomeren beeinflufßt.
    Notes: Two-component networks of diacrylate monomers were synthesized by photoinduced polymerization in the isotropic phase. In all systems one component was a liquid-crystalline diacrylate, whereas the second component was a non-liquid-crystalline diacrylate, which was varied in size, geometry and polarity. The phase behaviour of the monomer mixtures has been analysed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is influenced by the melting point and the structure of the non-liquid-crystalline component. All samples were cross-linked in the isotropic phase 10°C above the phase transition temperature and a modified differential scanning calorimeter was used to investigate the enthalpies of photopolymerization. The final value and the time dependence of the conversion of acrylate double bonds were calculated from the DSC curves. The final degree of conversion of the acrylate double bonds was between 53 and 71% for all samples, whereas no significant dependence of the degree of conversion on the chemical structure of the monomers or the reaction temperature has been found. In contrast, the time dependence of the conversion was influenced by the chemical structure of the non-liquid-crystalline component.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Struktur von Duromeren aus zwei in der isotropen Phase photochemisch vernetzten Bisacrylaten wurde anhand von Klein- und Weitwinkelröntgenuntersuchungen charakterisiert. Bei allen Systemen konnte eine Komponente eine flüssigkristalline Phase bilden, während die andere Komponente keine flüssigkristalline Phase besaß und in ihrer chemischen Struktur (Größe, Geometrie und Polarität) variiert wurde. Die Streuprofile der einkomponentigen Netzwerke im Kleinwinkelbereich zeigen Inhomogenitaten der Elektronendichte von einigen zehn Nanometem. Fur die zweikomponentigen Duromeren wird kein zusatzlicher Streubeitrag gefunden, der durch Zusammensetzungsinhomogenitaten verursacht wird. Dies ist ein Hinweis dafur, daB wahrend der photochemisch induzierten Vernetzungsreaktion keine Phasenseparation auftritt. Dieses Bild einer einphasigen amorphen Struktur wird durch Streuexperimente im Weitwinkelbereich bestatigt. Die Streuprofile der einkomponentigen Duromeren zeigen ein breites Maximum, dessen korrespondierende charakteristische Lange mit der GroBe und Geometrie der Monomeren korreliert ist. Auch fur die zweikomponentigen Netzwerke wird nur eine charakteristische Lange gefunden, die entsprechend der Zusammensetzung zwischen denen der einkomponentigen Duromeren liegt. Die Strukturuntersuchungen ergeben auch keinen Hinweis auf die Bildung einer flussigkristallinen Phase wahrend der Vernetzung.
    Notes: The structure of single- and two-component networks of diacrylate monomers which were synthesized by photoinduced polymerization in the isotropic phase has been investigated by small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering. In all systems one component was a liquid-crystalline diacrylate whereas the second component was non-liquid-crystalline. The chemical structure (size, geometry, and polarity) of the second component was varied. For the single-component networks the scattering profiles in the small-angle regime reveal inhomogeneities of the electron density of the order of some ten nanometers. For the two-component networks no additional scattering contribution due to composition inhomogeneities has been found. This is an evidence that no phase separation occurs during the photoinduced cross-linking of the thermosets. This picture of an amorphous single-phase structure is supported by the scattering profiles in the wide-angle regime. For the single-component networks a broad maximum is found, the corresponding characteristic length of which can be correlated with the structure of the monomers. For the two-component networks also only one characteristic length is found which shifts with composition between the length of the single-component thermosets. By both methods no indication for the development of a liquid-crystalline phase during network formation has been revealed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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