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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding Energies of Terminal and Bridging Carbonyls in Pt3(CO)6- (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 117 (1995), S. 11612-11613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00151a040
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intraindividual and Interspecies Variation in the 5S rDNA of Coregonid Fish (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 46 (1998), S. 680-688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words:Coregonus— 5S ribosomal DNA — Nontranscribed spacer region
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. This study was designed to characterize further the nontranscribed intergenic spacers (NTSs) of the 5S rRNA genes of fish and evaluate this marker as a tool for comparative studies. Two members of the closely related North American Great Lakes cisco species complex (Coregonus artedi and C. zenithicus) were chosen for comparison. Fluorescence in situ hybridization found the ciscoes to have a single multicopy 5S locus located in a C band-positive region of the largest submetacentric chromosome. The entire NTS was amplified from the two species by polymerase chain reaction with oligonucleotide primers anchored in the conserved 5S coding region. Complete sequences were determined for 25 clones from four individuals representing two discrete NTS length variants. Sequence analysis found the length variants to result from presence of a 130-bp direct repeat. No two sequences from a single fish were identical. Examination of sequence from the coding region revealed two types of 5S genes in addition to pseudogenes. This suggests the presence of both somatic and germline (oocyte) forms of the 5S gene in the genome of Coregonus. The amount of variation present among NTS sequences indicates that accumulation of variation (mutation) is greater in this multicopy gene than is gene conversion (homogenization). The high level of sequence variation makes the 5S NTS an inappropriate DNA sequence for comparisons of closely related taxa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006348
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Increase in Extracellular Glutamate is a Sensitive Method of Detecting Ischaemic Neuronal Damage during Cranial Base and Cerebrovascular Surgery. An in Vivo Microdialysis Study (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 349-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Glutamate; intraoperative monitoring; microdialysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary All patients undergoing neurological surgery are at risk for serious complications. Ischaemic damage presenting with hemiparesis or speech difficulties occurs in up to 6% of patients undergoing cerebral bypass procedures and other complicated neurosurgical procedures. Currently available methods for detection of such damage include the use of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and electro-encephalography (EEG). Unfortunately, these techniques have false positives and may remain normal in the presence of severe focal neurological deficits. Early detection of potential deficits may prevent or minimize damage through a change in operative or anaesthetic strategy. With the availability of several potential neuroprotective compounds, it is also possible to treat patients at risk of developing ischaemic complications if the individuals are identified early. The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is not only a metabolic product, but is also thought to promote ischaemia induced cell injury if released into the extracellular space. It may be a significant parameter for ischaemic brain metabolism. In this report we describe 10 patients who underwent extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) high flow bypass procedures with routine intra-operative monitoring (IOM) as well as intra-operative in-vivo microdialysis measurement of glutamate. Our aim was to compare intra-operative microdialytic findings and IOM findings with respect to patients' early postoperative clinical courses. Three patients had significant intra-operative glutamate increases indicating ischaemia. Two of these patients awoke with a new neurological deficit (hemiparesis). Routine IOM findings were either normal or showed only transient changes during the time the glutamate levels were high. Our study shows that an increase in extracellular glutamate, as monitored by in-vivo microdialysis, is an excellent early market of neuronal damage. While our glutamate measurements were done off-line, it may be possible to get in future continuous on-line measurements to serve as an early warning system for potential ischaemic damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050108
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cutaneous leiomyomas lack estrogen and progesterone receptor immunoreactivity (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog therapy is useful in treating uterine and some extrauterine smooth muscle tumors. These smooth muscle tumors have been demonstrated to have estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor immunoreactivity. The estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor immunoreactivity of smooth muscle tumors of the skin has not been reported. We evaluated 15 examples of cutaneous leiomyomas for estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor with ER-1D5 antibody and PGR-1A6 antibody. None of the 15 cutaneous leiomyomas demonstrated positive staining by this method. The tumorigenesis of cutaneous leiomyomas does not appear to be related to estrogen or progesterone receptor-mediated effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1997.tb01588.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemisorption and oxidation reactions of nickel group cluster anions with N2, O2, CO2, and N2O (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 7897-7906 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of nickel (Ni−n, n=3–10), palladium (Pd−n, n=3–8), and platinum (Pt−n, n=3–7) cluster anions are investigated in a flow tube reactor. Rate coefficients are measured for reactions with N2, O2, CO2, and N2O. Reactions with O2, CO2, and N2O have rates that are greater than 10% of the collision rate for most clusters of four atoms or larger, while N2 reactions generally exhibit much lower reaction efficiencies. All the reactions studied show a strong dependence on cluster elemental composition. Many of the palladium cluster reactions are significantly faster than the corresponding nickel and platinum cluster reactions, while Ni−n and Pt−n have similar rate coefficients. Pt−6 is observed to have anomalously low rate constants for reactions with N2, CO2, and N2O compared to neighboring platinum clusters sizes and the nickel and palladium hexamers. N2, CO2, and O2 reactions are generally association reactions with varying degrees of cluster fragmentation observed. N2O reactions result in sequential addition of O atoms to the cluster. The extent of cluster fragmentation for the various reagents can be correlated with the estimated exothermicities of the adsorption processes. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470207
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competitive fragmentation and electron loss kinetics of photoactivated silver cluster anions: Dissociation energies of Agn− (n=7–11) (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 938-949 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photodecomposition kinetics of silver cluster anions, Agn− (n=7–11), has been investigated. The time-resolved intensities of Agn− parent ions and Agn−1− and Agn−2− photofragment product ions are measured following excitation with visible laser radiation, 415–750 nm. The atom-loss and dimer-loss product yields and reactant cluster ion depletion are compared to elucidate the decomposition kinetics of photoexcited silver cluster anions, including electron loss channels. Both prompt, direct electron photodetachment and delayed, statistical electron emission are observed in competition with cluster fragmentation product channels for some clusters. Dissociation threshold energies are determined by fitting the measured time profiles for fragmentation products using a statistical unimolecular dissociation model. The photodissociation lifetime method for measuring cluster dissociation energies is compared with previous energy-resolved collision-induced dissociation experiments on silver cluster anions. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479186
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tethered chains in poor solvent conditions: An experimental study involving Langmuir diblock copolymer monolayers (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 3553-3565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have employed Langmuir monolayers of highly asymmetric polydimethylsiloxane-polystyrene (PDMS-PS) diblock copolymers on dioctyl phthalate (DOP) at temperatures ranging from 22 to −35 °C as a model system for tethered chains in poor solvent conditions. The thicknesses of the tethered PS layers extending into the DOP subphase, measured by neutron reflection, decrease with decreasing temperature (T) over this entire range. However, the variation with T becomes weak below −20 °C. At the lowest T, the layer thicknesses are 55%–75% of the values at the theta condition (Tθ=22 °C). The contraction of the layer with decreasing T is determined as a function of surface density and molecular weight, and these data are compared to universal scaling forms. The PS segments are depleted from the near surface region over the entire T range, with the thickness of the depletion layer increasing slightly with decreasing T. The free energy of the surface layer is probed by surface tension measurements. With decreasing T, negative surface pressures are observed at low coverages for both PDMS-PS and PDMS monolayers, indicating metastability toward lateral phase separation. Evidence for a transition from a dispersed phase to a condensed phase with decreasing T was observed in the reflectivity for very low PDMS-PS coverage. At high coverage where the submerged blocks are strongly interacting at 22 °C, only a modest decrease in surface pressure is observed over the experimental range of T despite the strong contraction. This latter result is discussed in terms of the relative contributions of enthalpic and entropic effects to the surface pressure. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.478223
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the dissociation energies of anionic silver clusters (Agn−, n=2–11) by collision-induced dissociation (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 5208-5217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The energy-resolved collision-induced dissociation method is applied to measure the fragmentation patterns, cross sections, and dissociation energies of small anionic silver clusters (Agn−,n=2–11). The main reaction channels are found to be loss of atom and loss of dimer, with dimer loss favored for odd n values. The dissociation energies for the loss of atom, D0(Agn−1−–Ag), show strong even–odd alternation. Threshold models that account for collisional activation efficiency, kinetic shifts, and competitive shifts are employed to obtain dissociation energies. A critical examination of the models is performed using a thermochemical cycle comparing sequential atom loss with dimer loss. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.478416
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tethered chains in theta solvent conditions: An experimental study involving Langmuir diblock copolymer monolayers (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 5635-5645 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Langmuir monolayers of polydimethylsiloxane-polystyrene (PDMS-PS) diblock copolymers on dioctyl phthalate (DOP) at 22 °C are employed as a model tethered chain system in theta solvent conditions. The segmental concentration profile of the tethered PS block is obtained over an order of magnitude in both surface density (σ) and molecular weight (M) by neutron reflection. A depletion layer of PS segments is observed at the air–liquid interface which increases with M and is independent of σ. The variation of the tethered layer height with σ and M is consistent with h∼σ0.18M0.74 over the range of reduced surface density (σπRg2) from 1 to 11. These dependencies, along with the form of the profile, indicate that the asymptotic limit is not achieved for σπRg2≤11 in theta solvent conditions. The upper limit of surface density is limited by the interaction of the submerged blocks, which leads to a sharp rise in surface pressure (Π). The increase of Π with σ far exceeds theoretical predictions, even in the asymptotic limit, and is attributed to distortion of chain configurations arising from limited lateral interpenetration. Anchoring energies compare well with differential chain energies at the desorption transition when the surface PDMS blocks are noninteracting. Comparisons are made with results obtained previously in good solvent conditions. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475952
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum: "Ligand and metal binding energies in platinum carbonyl cluster anions: Collision-induced dissociation of Ptm− and Ptm(CO)n" [J. Chem. Phys. 106, 9580 (1997)] (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 8210-8210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475335
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