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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ZnS:Tm grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition with Cl codoping (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 445-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: ZnS:Tm and ZnS:Tm,Cl thin films were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), using diethylzinc, H2S, Tm(thd)3 (thd=2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione), and HCl. The ZnS:Tm did not contain oxygen which might be introduced through the thd-radical. It thus has only codopant-free Tm3+ luminescent centers probably associated with native defects. The electroluminescence (EL) spectrum of the ZnS:Tm,Cl showed three satellite emission lines in addition to the original emission of the ZnS:Tm, indicating the existence of Tm–Cl complex centers. In contrast, the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the ZnS:Tm,Cl under host excitation showed no discernible satellite emission lines. Hence, though the Tm ions in the Tm–Cl complex centers are expected to be charge compensated by Cl or a certain Cl-induced defect, they are rather inactive in the PL excitation while active in the EL excitation. The same properties were observed for the MOCVD-grown ZnS:Sm and ZnS:Sm,Cl [A. Kato, M. Katayama, A. Mizutani, N. Ito, and T. Hattori, J. Appl. Phys. 77, 4616 (1995)], and therefore they probably occur for other rare-earth luminescent centers with Cl codopant. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364078
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ZnS:Sm grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition with Cl codoping (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 4616-4622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sm-doped ZnS thin films were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using diethyl- zinc, H2S, Sm(thd)3 (thd=2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione), Sm(hfa)3 (hfa=1,1,1,5,5,5- hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione), SmCl3, and HCl. The following films were prepared: an undoped ZnS, a ZnS:Sm grown with Sm(thd)3 and without HCl, a ZnS:Sm,Cl grown with both Sm(thd)3 and HCl, a ZnS:Cl grown only with HCl, and a ZnS:SmCl3 grown with SmCl3. Very little Sm was incorporated when Sm(hfa)3 was used as the dopant source. In the ZnS:Sm, the Sm was not segregated at grain boundaries, at least at concentrations below 0.2 at. %. In the ZnS:Sm and the ZnS:Sm,Cl, the (200), (220), and (311) reflections of the cubic structure that the undoped ZnS and the ZnS:Cl exhibited were not detected, and preference for the (00⋅1) hexagonal orientation became stronger. The electroluminescence spectrum of the ZnS:Sm,Cl showed three satellite peaks appearing in each of the 7 nm ranges around the three dominant peaks seen in the ZnS:Sm. The total electroluminescence intensity of the ZnS:Sm,Cl increased as a result of the appearance of the satellite peaks. While the ZnS:Sm,Cl showed photoluminescence attributed to the self-activated centers, its intensity was less than 10−2 of that of the ZnS:Cl. A model is suggested that Sm-VZn (zinc vacancy)-Cl complex centers are formed by the Cl codoping and give rise to the satellite peaks. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359427
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of hematoma size for evaluating the grade of blunt renal trauma (1999)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 6 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background : The hematoma size relative to the body size was measured on computed tomography films using a personal computer system in order to define whether that parameter is useful for decision-making in the management of blunt renal trauma. Methods : From 1982 to 1997, 33 patients with intermediate or severe grade blunt renal trauma were retrospectively divided into three groups: group 1, managed conservatively without transcatheter embolization; group 2, managed by bedrest after selective transcatheter embolization; and group 3, managed operatively. In these three groups, the hematoma area (H) and the ratio of hematoma area to body area on CT (H/B) were measured and the chronological changes of the H/B in groups 1 and 2 were studied. Results : The H and H/B of group 3 were significantly larger than those of group 1. The H/B was more clearly distinguished for each group compared with the H alone. Well-preserved kidney integrity, despite the presence of a large hematoma in group 2, allowed the conservative treatment following transcatheter embolization of the bleeding site. The H/B of all group 1 patients gradually decreased and on the 40th or 50th day after injury they reached a level equivalent to the ratio of contra-lateral normal kidney area to body area. Conclusion : The ratio of hematoma area to body area on CT was very useful in evaluating the grade of blunt renal trauma. In conservative treatment for blunt renal trauma changes of the hematoma size is a useful indicator for management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2042.1999.00103.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Airway troubles related to the double-lumen endobronchial tube in thoracic surgery (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of anesthesia 11 (1997), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-8359
    Keywords: Double-lumen tube ; Complications ; Tube troubles ; Airway obstruction ; One-lung ventilation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose Several case reports indicate critical respiratory complications in relation to the double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT). A prospective survey for the airway problems in using the DLT is presented. Methods One hundred adult patients undergoing thoracotomy for lung cancer were investigated. Tube malposition and airway obstruction were searched using a fiber-optic scope. The endobronchial cuff was positioned just below the trachcal carina while the trachea was intubated with a DLT (Rüsch). The distances of displacement, from the tracheal carina to the bronchial cuff, were measured during anesthesia using an epidural catheter, which had marks every 5 mm. The distances for correcting the tube position were measured at both the bronchial cuff and the level of the teethPaO2,PaCO2 andSPO2 were also measured. Results Malposition (displacement over 5 mm from the correct position) was found in 42 patients, and 40 of them were in a withdrawal direction, occurring at the postural change and during one-lung ventilation, especially during manipulation of the lung hilum. Correcting distances at the level of the teeth were 15.3–3-times longer than those at the bronchial cuff. Airway deformities and gradual withdrawal of the bronchial cuff were found in association with surgical manipulation. Obstruction occurred at the tips of the tracheal tube in four patients and the bronchial tube in six patients, and at the tip of both in two patients. Hypoxemia (PaO2〈60 mmHg) occurred in four patients and hypercapnea (PaCO2〉60 mm Hg) in two patients. Conclusion Most of the DLT obstructions were associated with withdrawal malposition. Great attention to DLT displacement and airway deformity is advised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02480033
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of common cis-regulatory elements responsible for the endosperm-specific expression of members of the rice glutelin multigene family (1996)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 30 (1996), S. 1207-1221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cis-regulatory elements ; AACA motif ; GCN4 motif ; transgenic tobacco plants ; endosperm specificity ; glutelin gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Glutelin is the most abundant storage protein in rice, which is expressed specifically in the endosperm of maturing seed. Glutelin is encoded by about 10 genes per haploid genome, which are clearly divided into two subfamilies (GluA and GluB). Most of them are coordinately expressed during seed maturation in spite of the remarkable divergence in the 5′-flanking regions between members of two subfamilies. In order to identify the common regulatory mechanisms responsible for the endosperm-specific expression, various cis-regulatory elements in the 5′-flanking region of the glutelin GluB-1 gene were characterized by studying the expression of chimeric genes that consisted of the sequentially deleted or mutagenized promoter and a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene in transgenic tobacco seeds. The essential cis-regulatory elements governing the spatially and temporally specific expression of the glutelin gene expression were located within the first 245 bp of the promoter region of the GluB-1 gene from the site of initiation of transcription. The AACA motif between positions −73 and −61 common to all the six genes for glutelin sequenced to date and is repeated between positions −212 and −200 is implicated in the seed-specific expression. The GCN4 motif between positions −165 and −158 and between positions −96 and −92 that is conserved at homologous sites in all the members of glutelin gene family is also involved in the seed-specific regulation. However, both are required for the high level of seed-specific expression, because deletion of the region containing one set of both elements or substitution mutation of the AACA or GCN4 motif substantially reduced the activity. As a whole, our results suggest the combinatorial interaction of the elements in regulation of the glutelin gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019553
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of a glyoxysomal citrate synthase that is synthesized as a precursor of higher molecular mass in pumpkin (1995)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 27 (1995), S. 377-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: amino-terminal presequence ; citrate synthase ; glyoxysome ; leaf peroxisome ; microbody transition ; pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cDNA clone for glyoxysomal citrate synthase (gCS) was isolated from a λgt11 cDNA library prepared from etiolated pumpkin cotyledons. The cDNA of 1989 bp consisted of a 1548 bp open reading frame that encoded 516 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of gCS did not have a typical peroxisomal targeting signal at its carboxyl terminal. A study of expression in vitro of the cDNA and an analysis of the amino-terminal sequence of the citrate synthase indicated that gCS is synthesized as a larger precursor that has a cleavable amino-terminal presequence of 43 amino acids. The predicted amino-terminal sequence of pumpkin gCS was highly homologous to those of other microbody enzymes, such as 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase of rat and malate dehydrogenase of watermelon that are also synthesized as precursors of higher molecular mass. Immunoblot analysis showed that the level of gCS protein increased markedly during germination and decreased rapidly during the light-induced transition of microbodies from glyoxysomes to leaf peroxisomes. By contrast, the level of mRNA for gCS reached a maximum earlier than that of the protein and declined even in darkness. The level of the mRNA was low during the microbody transition. These results indicate that the accumulation of the gCS protein does not correspond to that of the mRNA and that degradation of gCS is induced during the microbody transition, suggesting that post-transcriptional regulation plays an important role in the microbody transition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020191
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    cDNA cloning and expression of a gene for 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase in pumpkin cotyledons (1996)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 31 (1996), S. 843-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: glyoxysome ; leaf peroxisome ; microbody transition ; pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) ; senescence ; 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cDNA clone for 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.16) was isolated from a λgt11 cDNA library constructed from the poly(A)+ RNA of etiolated pumpkin cotyledons. The cDNA insert contained 1682 nucleotides and encoded 461 amino acid residues. A study of the expression in vitro of the cDNA and analysis of the amino-terminal sequence of the protein indicated that pumpkin thiolase is synthesized as a precursor which has a cleavable amino-terminal presequence of 33 amino acids. The amino-terminal presequence was highly homologous to typical amino-terminal signals that target proteins to microbodies. Immunoblot analysis showed that the amount of thiolase increased markedly during germination but decreased dramatically during the light-inducible transition of microbodies from glyoxysomes to leaf peroxisomes. By contrast, the amount of mRNA increased temporarily during the early stage of germination. In senescing cotyledons, the levels of the thiolase mRNA and protein increased again with the reverse transition of microbodies from leaf peroxisomes to glyoxysomes, but the pattern of accumulation of the protein was slightly different from that of malate synthase. These results indicate that expression of the thiolase is regulated in a similar manner to that of other glyoxysomal enzymes, such as malate synthase and citrate synthase, during seed germination and post-germination growth. By contrast, during senescence, expression of the thiolase is regulated in a different manner from that of other glyoxysomal enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019471
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical Aberrations of Chromosomes 16, 17, and 18 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (A FISH and FCM Analysis of 20 Cases) (1998)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 43 (1998), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ; FLOW CYTOMETRY ; HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA ; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION ; DNA PLOIDY
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Conventional cytogenetic studies havedemonstrated frequent abnormalities of specificchromosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma, although thereare few reports examining the relationship betweenchromosomal aberrations and clinicopathologic features. Inthis study, numerical aberrations of chromosomes 16, 17,and 18 were examined by fluorescence in situhybridization using pericentromeric DNA probes in 20 cases of surgically removed hepatocellularcarcinoma. DNA ploidy analysis was also performed byflow cytometry. Numerical abnormalities of chromosomes16, 17, and 18 were found in 7 of 19 cases, 15 of 20 cases, and 12 of 20 cases, respectively. Gainand/or loss of more than one chromosome was detected in16 of 19 cases. However, aneuploidy was seen in only 9of 20 tumors by flow cytometry. The incidence of aneusomy 17 and 18 increased with tumor sizeand stage progression. Fluorescence in situhybridization analysis demonstrated that numericalchromosomal aberrations accumulated with tumorprogression in hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018838731634
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress measurement by copper electroplating based on grain growth (1995)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 35 (1995), S. 24-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a stress measurement method using the grain-growth phenomenon in the copper-electroplated layer by cyclic loading. The growth rate of grains by cyclic loading is related to the stress amplitude. The relation between grain area and number of stress cycles was observed under various stress amplitudes and the relation between grain growth rate and the stress amplitude was obtained. The grain area was measured by an image-processing system using a personal computer. Because grain-growth rate depends on the amplitude of stress, surface stress can be estimated from the grain-growth rate based on this relation. For grain size in the range from 0.01 to 0.1 mm, stress in a very small region can be measured based on the growth of grains. Stress measurement was actually carried out using this method. The result showed that the error was less than 1.0 percent, confirming that this method is sufficiently accurate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02325830
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