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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Favourable interaction between heavy and light chains arrests the undesirable oligomerization of heavy chains in the refolding of denatured and reduced immunoglobulin G (1997)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 53 (1997), S. 929-934 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Aggregation; H chain; immunoglobulin G; L chain; protein folding; slow dialysis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Recently we developed a slow dialysis method that effectively refolds denatured and reduced immunoglobulin G (IgG) [Maeda, Ueda and Imoto (1996) Prot. Engng 9: 95-100]. This method allows both individual and simultaneous refolding of denatured and reduced H and L chains. Analysis by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that some oligomers were formed through disulfide bonds when H chains were refolded individually. It was also shown that the extent of IgG obtained by rejoining the mixture of refolded H and L chains which had been refolded individually was similar to that obtained by refolding denatured and reduced whole IgG. The results indicated that a favourable interaction between H and L chains prevented formation of H-chain oligomers to yield intact IgG. The present results suggest a mechanism whereby individually folded chains might associate to form IgG molecules in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050113
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two genes controlling acute phase responses by the antitumor polysaccharide, lentinan (1996)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 43 (1996), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Lentinan, a β-1,6;1,3-glucan, is tumor-specific for transplantable mouse solid-type tumors and it also stimulates the production of acute phase proteins (APPs). The APP response to lentinan is of the delayed type (DT-APR) and differs from that to lipopolysaccharide, which is acute. We found that the responses were genetically controlled in mice and that low responsiveness is dominant (Maeda et al. 1991). Using 123 segregants of crosses between SWR/J (a high responder) and Mus spretus (a low responder), we analyzed the linkage between DT-APR responsiveness and the DNA polymerase chain reaction-simple sequence length polymorphism (PCR-SSLP) phenotype using 80 chromosome-specific microsatellite markers. We identified two loci (ltn1.1 and ltn1.2) responsible for DT-APR. ltn1.1 is closely linked to D3Mit11 on chromosome 3 and ltn1.2 to D11Nds9 on chromosome 11 (P 〈0.001). The linkage analysis also suggested that ltn1.2 is the major determinant for DT-APR. Correlation between lentinan-specific IL-6 mRNA expression (the late expression) controlled recessively and DT-APR induction suggests that the ltn1 loci control some process(es) of IL-6 expression in the regulation step before NF-IL6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587302
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Four dominant loci for the vascular responses by the antitumor polysaccharide, lentinan (1997)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 47 (1997), S. 159-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Antitumor polysaccaride ; Lentinan ; Biological response modifiers ; Vascular dilation and hemorrhage ; Lentinan-responsive gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Lentinan, β-1,6;1,3-glucan, showing an antitumor effect against mouse solid type tumors, can induce marked vascular dilation and hemorrhage (VDH) in very localized areas such as the ears, feet, and tails of mice in the early stages after its administration (Maeda et al. 1984). VDH has been found to be one of the T-cell-mediated responses triggered by lentinan. We reported previously that the responsiveness of mice to lentinan with respect to VDH induction is controlled by a dominant gene(s), Ltn2 (formerly), and that no sex difference was observed (Maeda et al. 1991). To determine the chromosomal location of the Ltn2 gene(s), we typed genomic DNAs of 193 N2 segregants of crosses between a high responder MA/MyJ and a low responder AKR/J by the polymerase chain reaction-simple sequence length polymorphism technique using 83 chromosome-specific microsatellite markers. We identified one major gene (Ltnr3) and three minor genes (Ltnr4, Ltnr5, and Ltnr6) responsible for the VDH induction. Ltnr3 was closely linked to D6Mit135 on chromosome 6 (P 〈0.00000) and Ltnr4, Ltnr5, and Ltnr6 to D9Mit161 on chromosome 9 (P 〈0.00032), D15Mit147 on chromosome 15 (P 〈0.00014) and D16Mit4 on chromosome 16 (P 〈0.00014), respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050341
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LPE-like growth of YIG ferrimagnetic thin films by pulsed laser ablation with molten droplets (1999)
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. S703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 61.10.Nz; 68.55.-a; 76.50.+g
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films were grown by pulsed laser ablation (PLA) on (111) Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) substrates. The second harmonic of YAG laser (532 nm) with a high laser fluence was employed to produce YIG droplets efficiently. It was found that YIG films prepared at RT substrates have a large number of solidified droplets of various sizes. Highly oriented YIG crystals were grown on the (111) GGG substrate heated at 860 °C by PLA using a large number of molten droplets, suggesting an LPE-like growth. This YIG film shows a small ferrimagnetic resonance linewidth of 7.5 Oe. This value is quite small for films prepared by vapor-phase epitaxy techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051510
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody, rapamycin and interferon-γ on airway hyperreactivity to acetylcholine in mice (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The role of IgE in airway hyperreaetivity is obscure.Objective In order to clarify the role of IgE in airway hyperreactivity, we investigated the effect of anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody, rapamycin and interferon-γ on the antigen-induced IgE response, airway eosinophilia and hyperreactivity in mice.Methods Mice were immunized with an antigen (ovalbumin; OA) at intervals of 12 days. OA was inhaled 10 days after the secondary immunization. Twenty-four hours after the last inhalation, airway reactivity to acetylcholine was measured and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained.Results Three inhalations of antigen caused an increase in the number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and in airway hyperreactivity to acetylcholine with a significant elevation of serum IgE level. Anti-IL-4 at a dose of 1000 μg/animal and rapamycin at doses between 0.1 and 1 mg/kg inhibited the IgE production, but did not affect the airway eosinophilia or hyperreactivity to acetylcholine. In contrast, IFN-γ clearly inhibited the antigen-induced airway eosinophilia and hyperreactivity, but did not affect the IgE antibody production.Conclusion These results suggest that the inhibition of IgE production does not suppress the onset of airway hyperreactivity and eosinophilia in mice, and that IFN-γ inhibits the antigen-induced airway hyperreactivity, probably due to the inhibition of airway eosinophilia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.tb00696.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of mast cells, eosinophils and IL-5 in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness in sensitized mice (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and objective In order to study the role of mast cells and IL-5 in allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity in mice, airway responsiveness in WBB6F1-W/Wv mice (mast cell deficient) and the effects of anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody (NC-17) and three anti-allergic drugs (N-556, ketotifen and amlexanox) on airway hyperreactivity in Balbc mice were studied.Methods Mice were immunized with an antigen (ovalbumin; OA) at intervals of 12 days. OA was inhaled 10 days after the secondary immunization. Twenty-four hours after the last inhalation, airway reactivity to acetyleholine was measured and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained.Resutls Three inhalations of OA caused an increase in leucocytes (including eosinophils). accompanied by increases in IL-5 in BALF, and airway hyperreaetivity to acetylcholine in Balb/c and WBB6F1- +/+ mice. In WBB6F1-W/Wv mice, antigen inhalation resulted in increases in leucocytes and IL-5 in BALF but did not result in airway hyperreactivity. NC-17 at doses between 10 and 20μg (intratracheal injection) inhibited the antigen-induced eosinophilia but did not affect airway hyperreaetivity in Balb/c mice. Three ‘anti-allergie’ drugs clearly inhibited antigen-induced increases in IL-5 levels and the number of eosinophils in BALF, but did not alTect airway hyperreactivity in Balb/c mice.Conclusions These data suggest that mast cells play an important role in the onset of airway hyperreactivity but do not play a role in the production of IL-5 and eosinophilia. Furthermore., indicate that the inhibition of IL-5 is not always associated with a reduetion in antigen-induced airway hyperreactivity in mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00590.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional atom probe analysis of a sputter-deposited Co–Cr thin film (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 1686-1688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) was employed to study nanoscale compositional heterogeneities in Co-22 at. %Cr sputter-deposited thin films. Compositional fluctuations were visualized on a nanometer scale through a 3D reconstruction of collected atoms. Transmission electron microscopy observations of the same specimen area of before and after 3DAP analysis made it possible to scale the analyzed volume precisely. The resulting data show that a Co-22 at. %Cr thin film sputter deposited at elevated temperature was composed of two phases with a lamellarlike structure, one phase was ferromagnetic containing approximately 90 at. %Co, and the other was paramagnetic, containing approximately 60 at. %Co. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113893
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assay for detecting IgE and IgG antibodies against Candida albicans cell-wall mannan (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the present study, we assayed mannan-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in samples of serum isolated from blood collected from adult patients with bronchial asthma, using a liquid-phase method with a polysaccharide, mannan (Mn), purified from Candida albicans (C. alb), and investigated the relationships of allergenicity among a crude extract of C alb. purified Mn. and acid protease (AP). The correlations between the titers of anti-Mn A and anti-Mn B IgE and IgG were very strong, and the levels of inhibition of anti-Mn A IgE and IgG reactions by Mn A and Mn B were almost identical. Although no common allergenicity was observed between Mn A and AP because there was no correlation between the titers of anti-Mn A and anti-AP IgE, and no inhibition of the anti-Mn A IgE reaction by AP, both antigens were found to exist in crude C alb. The level of inhibition of anti-crude C. alb IgG reaction by Mn A or Mn B was about 60%. Approximately 70% inhibition of the anti-Mn A IgE reaction was observed for eight different fungal allergen extracts, but no inhibition was observed for 11 of the other fungal allergen extracts tested. The above results indicate that common antigenicity was observed between Mn A and Mn B in the human IgE and IgG antibody production system, and the cross-allergenicity observed among some fungi was considered to be the result of the common antigenicity of Mn isoforms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03866.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergenicity of acid protease secreted by Candida albicans (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have previously reported the cases of Candida albicans (C. alb) acid protease (CAAP)-induced atopic asthma. In this study, the allergenicity of the released enzyme CAAP was examined among asthmatic patients with positive immediate skin response to crude C. alb antigen. Among 49 patients with positive skin response to crude C. alb, anti-crude C. alb IgE antibodies were detected in 40 and anti-CAAP IgE antibodies were detected in 18. Moreover, anticrude C. alb IgE antibodies were detected in all of the patients in whom anti-CAAP IgE antibodies were detected. No correlations between IgG antibodies to both antigens or between IgE and IgG antibodies to CAAP were observed. CAAP induced significant T-cell proliferation in 20/28 patients showing positive T-cell proliferation response to crude C. alb antigen. Most of the patients showing positive conjunctival response to crude C. alb antigen also showed positive response to CAAP. Most of the patients showing high levels of serum IgE antibody and positive histamine-release response of peripheral blood leukocytes to CAAP showed positive conjunctival response. The results indicate that CAAP is an important allergen in C. alb-related mucosal allergy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04489.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FATIGUE STRENGTH OF BUTT-WELDED JOINTS UNDER CONSTANT MAXIMUM STRESS AND RANDOM MINIMUM STRESS CONDITIONS (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 19 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fatigue strength of steel welded joints has been obtained by tests in which the maximum applied stress, σmax, was kept constant and equal to the yield strength, σy, (which is equivalent to the tensile residual stress that exists in real welded structures) while the minimum stress was changed randomly. The equivalent range of applied stress, calculated by neglecting the stress cycles for which amplitudes were below the fatigue limit that was determined from constant amplitude tests, can be a useful design parameter. This is confirmed because Miner's rule applies for all the σmax=σy tests reported here and which simulate the actual stress condition of welded structures and gives the lowest S-N curve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1996.tb00965.x
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