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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 21 (1995), S. 698-698 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 52 (1997), S. 95-100 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Chronic stable angina ; Carvedilol ; Verapamil; exercise testing ; Holter monitoring; arrhythmia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: In a multicentre, double-blind, parallel group study, the anti-anginal and the anti-ischaemic efficacy of 12 weeks of therapy with the vasodilating β-adrenoceptor-blocker carvedilol 25 mg b.i.d. was compared with verapamil 120 mg t.i.d. Methods: During a 2-week placebo run-in period, patients were required to have two treadmill exercise tests (modified Bruce Protocol) differing by not more than 15% with regard to total exercise time (TET). Of 313 patients enrolled, 248 were randomized and 212 completed the study according to the protocol. Results: The primary variable TET was analysed using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model to take into account censored values due to the patient stopping the exercise test for reasons other than angina. Forty-three per cent of patients allocated to carvedilol and 36% to verapamil did not stop with angina at the final visit. There was no difference in the TET between the groups, the risk ratio being 1.14 in favour of carvedilol (90% CI 0.85–1.52). TET increased from 378 s at baseline to 436 s at the final visit in the carvedilol group and from 386 to 438 s in the verapamil group. Results for time to angina and time to 1 mm ST-segment depression were similar. Compared to verapamil, carvedilol significantly reduced HR, systolic BP and rate pressure product at peak exercise. Analysis of 48 h Holter monitor data showed a greater reduction of HR and PVCs with carvedilol. Lown grading improved in both groups. Adverse events were reported by 48% (3.2% serious adverse events) of patients taking carvedilol and 58% (5.7% serious adverse events) taking verapamil. Conclusion: Carvedilol is at least as effective as verapamil in the management of chronic stable angina and demonstrated a favourable adverse event profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4961-4963 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show that both the magnetoresistance and magnetism in tetragonal MBE-grown films of La1−xCaxMnO3 show anisotropic effects that depend on both temperature and magnetic field. We show that the "colossal" magnetoresistance depends on the angle between the magnetization and the transport current and that the size of this effect is temperature-dependent. Below the Curie temperature this results in an unusual upturn in the magnetoresistance for small magnetic fields normal to the plane of the film as the magnetization rotates out of the plane. Low-field hysteresis of the in-plane magnetoresistance is also observed, and also shows an anisotropy with respect to the current and magnetization directions. We also find an in-plane biaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy with easy axes along the {100} (Mn–O) crystal directions, and evidence for c-axis magnetocrystalline anisotropy. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1775-1777 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the results of magnetization measurements on pseudomorphic (fully strained) c-axis oriented colossal magnetoresistance manganite thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. We observe uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (hard axis/easy plane) with the easy plane being the film plane. Within the plane a weaker biaxial anisotropy is observed with [100] (Mn–O bond direction) easy axes. The magnetization dependence of the uniaxial anisotropy constant follows the predicted magnetization dependence of the magnetostriction constants within single-ion models indicating that the anisotropy energy is dominated by strain-induced anisotropy from the lattice constant mismatch with the SrTiO3 substrate. These results indicate a magnetostriction constant λ100(approximate)+7×10−5, and an induced orbital moment of at least 0.02μb/Mn ion. We predict that by appropriate substrate selection an equilibrium out-of-plane magnetization can be produced. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 1312-1314 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have fabricated thin films of La1−xCaxMnOδ with tetragonal symmetry. For low temperatures and magnetic fields the measured magnetoresistance is anisotropic: initially positive for applied magnetic field perpendicular to the film plane and negative for field applied parallel to the film plane. At high temperatures the magnetoresistance is negative for all fields and field orientations. We also observe an in-plane magnetoresistance anisotropy with an angular dependence corresponding to that observed in transition metal ferromagnets. We suggest an interpretation requiring a substantial spin-orbit interaction in the material. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1997), S. 349-356 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract A structural study of glass-ionomer cement (GIC) dental restoratives has been completed. Transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and X-ray diffraction studies indicate domain-like microstructure in a new experimental material, whereas a featureless amorphous gel-like microstructure exists in the conventional GIC. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies were also conducted. The new experimental GIC contains domains of (i) bonelike material (apatite), (ii) mesoporous material and (iii) other framework structures (aluminium phosphate in the high cristobalite structure), with its setting chemistry a restructuring of the aluminosilicate glass around the template of poly(acrylic acid). Conventional glass-ionomer cement may set by a similar but slower process. Leaching properties of glass-ionomer cements are also explained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 2439-2454 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: radiation ; nitrile rubber ; NMR ; ESR ; radicals ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mechanism of radiation-induced structural changes in nitrile rubber with different acrylonitrile contents were investigated by ESR, NMR, and FTIR. To investigate new structures solid-state NMR methods had to be used due to crosslinking of the irradiated rubbers, and higher probe temperatures were used to obtain better resolution. The radicals generated on the acrylonitrile groups were found to abstract hydrogen from the adjacent butadiene units resulting in the formation of allylic radicals. These allylic radicals reacted to form intermolecular crosslinks and cyclisation. Cyclisation of the butadiene units were found to occur in the initial stages of the irradiation. Radiation yields of radicals increased with acrylonitrile content from 1.42, 1.58, to 2.42 for 18, 30, and 45% acrylonitrile rubbers. The radiation yields for intermolecular crosslinking were higher in rubbers with higher acrylonitrile contents, giving G values of 17.8, 21.3, and 24.5 for 18, 30, and 45% acrylonitrile rubbers, respectively. However, the crosslink clustering was found to be less in the rubbers with a higher acrylonitrile content. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 57 (1995), S. 1155-1171 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The mechanism of radiation vulcanization of natural rubber with 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate (2EHA) monomer was investigated using electron spin resonance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The primary radicals formed in the arcylate molecule were found to abstract the allylic hydrogens of the polyisoprene. Crossliking may occur through the allylic radicals and/or main chain radicals formed on the polyacrylate. Acrylate was found to concentrate in the rigid regions of the crosslinked rubber indicating heterogeneity and a nonuniform distribution of the acrylate in the latex particles. The addition of the acrylate and the irradiation seems to effect the Brownian motion of the latex particles. Both the viscosity and the NMR peak widths are effected by the irradiation. Addition of 5% 2EHA increases the crosslinking by a factor of 3.6. The thermal stability of the rubber first increases with the dose in the presence of acrylate, but drops at higher doses due to peroxide formation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Commercial thermoplastic polyurethanes have been melt blended on a standard laboratory extruder with low levels of commercial poly(dimethyl siloxane) fluid. The resultant polyurethanes show improvements in wear resistance of up to 25% (c.f. virgin polyurethane) for an optimal PDMS concentration of 1.5-2.0%, beyond which the properties diminish rapidly. Unexpectedly, the mechanical properties of the blends (as measured by an Instron tensile testing machine) have been even more significantly enhanced, by up to 40% for tensile strength and 50% for elongation to break. Surface studies of the blends are also reported for x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angles and coefficient of friction (CoF). © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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