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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polycrystalline silicon formed by ultrahigh-vacuum sputtering system (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 217-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using an ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) sputtering system, we could grow two new methods of polycrystalline silicon films. The one is as-deposited polycrystalline silicon on glass at substrate temperatures under 500 °C. The other is solid-phase-crystallization by thermal annealing of as-deposited amorphous silicon films in a UHV. As-deposited polycrystalline silicon films were oriented to (220) and grain sizes were determined from half-width of x-ray diffraction to be about 40 nm. From the deposition temperature dependence of the x-ray diffraction peak intensity, the activation energy of the crystalline growth was calculated to be about 0.6 eV. Hydrogen atoms in the sputtering gas lower the reproducibility of as-deposited poly-Si. Polycrystalline silicon films produced by thermal annealing of as-deposited amorphous silicon films at 550 °C in UHV have a (111) orientation. Field-effect mobilities of the as-deposited polycrystalline silicon film and the polycrystalline silicon film by UHV thermal annealing were 5 and 18 cm2/V s, respectively. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360782
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of hydrogen ion shower doping in polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 31-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigated the effect of hydrogen ion shower doping on polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (p-Si TFTs). Hydrogen atoms were introduced to the channel region of p-Si TFTs by PH3/H2 ion shower doping of the source/drain contact. Hydrogen concentration in the channel region can be controlled by altering the gate metal thickness. Hydrogen atoms affect the TFT's threshold voltage shifts until it becomes negative, in n-type TFTs. The threshold voltage shift depends on the hydrogen content of the channel region in p-Si TFTs. This is explained by the existence of Si−3 trap states in the grain boundaries. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114171
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the p53 gene mutations in acute myelogenous leukemia: The p53 gene mutations associated with a deletion of chromosome 17 (1995)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 71 (1995), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: p53 gene ; Acute myelogenous leukemia ; Chromosome 17 ; Polymerase chain reaction-singlestrand conformation polymorphism ; Direct sequencing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to determine the relevance of the p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), we analyzed the p53 gene in genomic DNA of 18 unselected cases of AML by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and direct sequencing. We detected three cases (16.7%) with the p53 gene mutations showing only the mutant alleles; the high incidence in cases with loss of a whole chromosome 17 (two of three) contrasted with the low incidence in cases without abnormalities of chromosome 17 (one of 15). These cases containing the mutations of the p53 gene showed a poor prognosis. Although we analyzed a rather small series of patients, these findings suggest that the p53 gene mutations might be involved in the progression and prognosis of at least some cases of AML.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01699251
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the p53 gene mutations in acute myelogenous leukemia: the p53 gene mutations associated with a deletion of chromosome 17 (1995)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 71 (1995), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words p53 gene ; Acute myelogenous leukemia ; Chromosome 17 ; Polymerase chain reaction ; single-strand conformation polymorphism ; Direct sequencing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In order to determine the relevance of the p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), we analyzed the p53 gene in genomic DNA of 18 unselected cases of AML by polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR–SSCP) and direct sequencing. We detected three cases (16.7%) with the p53 gene mutations showing only the mutant alleles; the high incidence in cases with loss of a whole chromosome 17 (two of three) contrasted with the low incidence in cases without abnormalities of chromosome 17 (one of 15). These cases containing the mutations of the p53 gene showed a poor prognosis. Although we analyzed a rather small series of patients, these findings suggest that the p53 gene mutations might be involved in the progression and prognosis of at least some cases of AML.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01699251
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversal effect of itraconazole on adriamycin and etoposide resistance in human leukemia cells (1996)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 72 (1996), S. 17-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Multidrug resistance ; P-glycoprotein Itraconazole ; Adriamycin ; Etoposide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cell membrane serol biosynthesis. Currently, itraconazole is a potent candidate for in vivo use to revert multidrug resistance in acute leukemias, with the added benefit of its antifungal effect. As previously reported, itraconazole, as well as verapamil, reversed adriamycin-resistant K562 cells (K562/ADR) and HL60 cells (HL60/ADR) in dosages compatible to the plasma levels achieved by the therapeutic dosages used for the treatment of fungal infections. By RT-PCR analysis of mdrl, mdr3, and mrp mRNA, these adriamycin-resistant cells showed a higher expression of the transcript of these genes than those of the parent cells. By FACS analysis, both the adriamycin-resistant cells showed a higher expression of P-glycoprotein on their cell surfaces. These results suggested the involvement of itraconazole in the mdr gene and/or mrp gene product-associated resistance. Furthermore, itraconazole partially reversed etoposide resistance in both the K562 and K562/ADR cells. The present study suggests that itraconazole may reverse multidrug resistance, at least in part, via a classical MDR-associated mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663011
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversal effect of itraconazole on adriamycin and etoposide resistance in human leukemia cells (1996)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 72 (1996), S. 17-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Multidrug resistance ; P-glycoprotein ; Itraconazole ; Adriamycin ; Etoposide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cell membrane serol biosynthesis. Currently, itraconazole is a potent candidate for in vivouse to revert multidrug resistance in acute leukemias, with the added benefit of its antifungal effect. As previously reported, itraconazole, as well as verapamil, reversed adriamycin-resistant K562 cells (K562/ADR) and HL60 cells (HL60/ADR) in dosages compatible to the plasma levels achieved by the therapeutic dosages used for the treatment of fungal infections. By RT-PCR analysis of mdr1, mdr3, and mrp mRNA, these adriamycin-resistant cells showed a higher expression of the transcript of these genes than those of the parent cells. By FACS analysis, both the adriamycin-resistant cells showed a higher expression of P-glycoprotein on their cell surfaces. These results suggested the involvement of itraconazole in the mdr gene and/or mrp gene product-associated resistance. Furthermore, itraconazole partially reversed etoposide resistance in both the K562 and K562/ADR cells. The present study suggests that itraconazole may reverse multidrug resistance, at least in part, via a classical MDR-associated mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663011
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of amino acid replacements on cadmium binding of metallothionein α-fragment (1997)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 53 (1997), S. 459-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Cadmium; cysteine; Escherichia coli; expression; metal; amino acid replacement; α-fragment; metallothionein.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To evaluate whether only 20 cysteine residues at invariant positions are needed to bind and coordinate the metals in metallothioneins (MTs), and whether changing the positions of cysteine residues in the sequence affects the metal-binding capacity and the coordination of MTs, we examined the cadmium-binding affinities of seven mutant MTαs using an Escherichia coli expression system. Five mutant MTαs in which the constitutive amino acid residues other than cysteines of the α-fragment were replaced with glycine residues, and the remaining two mutant MTαs in which the invariant positions of the cysteine residues of the α-fragment were shifted, were analysed for their ability to be expressed as cadmium-binding forms and for their biochemical properties. The results showed that extreme alteration of the constitutive amino acid residues other than cysteines in the MT α-fragment leads to disruption of their cadmium-binding abilities and of their structure. However, mutant MTαs containing changes of the invariant positions of the cysteine residues were expressed in a cadmium-binding form in Escherichia coli, although the invariant positions of 20 cysteine residues in the MTs are thought to be important for their metal-binding abilities. These results suggest that the position of cysteine residues and the chemical nature of the other amino acids in the amino acid sequence of MTs are less critical than expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050056
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a Marker for Cell Viability After UV Irradiation (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of fluorescence 9 (1999), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Green fluorescent protein (GFP) ; constitutive GFP expression ; visualization of GFP fluorescence ; UV exposure of mammalian cells ; Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines of different repair capabilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Generation of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines stably expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was achieved using a plasmid vector that encoded the red-shifted pCX-xGFP under the control of a strong hybrid promoter composed of a CMV enhancer and a β-actin/β-globin gene promoter. Cotransfection of the promoter-less pSV2-Neo helper plasmid transmitting neomycin resistance was followed by selection with the antibiotic G418. Constitutive GFP expression could be visualized in living and fixed cells using fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry. DNA repair-proficient (AA8) and deficient (UV5) CHO strains were used for survival tests after UVC irradiation. Cells carrying the GFP construct (AA8-pGFP, UV5-pGFP) show the same response to UV irradiation (colony forming ability) as their nontransformed parental cell lines (AA8, UV5). Using GFP as a marker for cell viability, cells were harvested after certain postirradiation growth periods and the numbers of GFP expressing cells and fluorescence intensities were determined by FACS analysis. Generally, GFP fluorescence in irradiated cells is not seen when cell membranes are damaged (leak-out of the soluble GFP). Irradiated cells without membrane damage express GFP continuously (leading to a dose-dependent increase in GFP contents).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020583623407
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