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Postanaesthetic shivering in children (1996)

LYONS, B. ; TAYLOR, A. ; POWER, C. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Anaesthesia 51 (1996), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2044

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: This study was designed to assess the incidence, severity and possible aetiological factors ofpostanaesthetic shivering in children. Three hundred and seventy-six children undergoing general anaesthesia were enrolled in the study. Tympanic membrane temperatures were recorded pre-operatively and every 15 min postoperatively in the recovery room until discharge to the ward. Also recorded were all anaesthetic data including fluid administration, methods of temperature preservation used, sedation scores and shivering (using a four-point scale). The overall incidence of shivering was 14.4%. Multiple regression analysis identified three factors that were significantly related to shivering: age, the administration of atropine and peri-operative temperature changes. Children who shivered rewarmed faster in the recovery room.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb07788.x

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2

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Anaesthetic depth at inductionAn evaluation using clinical eye signs and EEG polysomnography (1998)

Power, C. ; Crowe, C. ; Higgins, P. ; [et al.]

Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd

Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2044

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: We describe the stages of non-REM sleep induced by anaesthesia with sevoflurane 8% in oxygen and relate these stages to clinical eye positions. We explored John Snow's observation (1847) that ‘when voluntary movement ceases, with the eyes fixed in an upward gaze during the gas induction of anaesthesia, the patient is protected against the risk of mental suffering’ (awareness). Unpremedicated ASA 1 patients undergoing elective tonsillectomy were studied using EEG polysomnographic principles and clinical eye movement tracking. The results expressed as median and range were: latency to stage 1 sleep 4.5 min [2.5–7.5], stage 2 sleep 5 min [3.5–8.5], stage 3 sleep 5.5 min [4–12] and stage 4 sleep 6 min [4.5–15.5]. Eye position 5, the point of no further eye movement, was reached after 9 min [5.5–18.5]. This was significantly longer than the time taken to reach the stage 4 sleep EEG, p 〈 0.01, supporting Snow's observation and encouraging investigation into eye movement tracking technology as a potential monitor of anaesthetic depth.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00468.x

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Acute superior vena caval syndrome with airway obstruction following elective mediastinoscopy (1997)

Power, C. K. ; Buggy, D. ; Keogh, J.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Anaesthesia 52 (1997), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2044

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: A 47-year-old female patient had a subclinical superior vena caval syndrome which developed into the ‘full blown’ acute condition when she was placed into the left lateral position after mediastinoscopy. She developed airway obstruction requiring urgent re-intubation and subsequent admission to the intensive care unit. This subclinical condition might have been suspected pre-operatively if closer attention had been paid to the history, physical examination and review of the computerised axial tomography scan: she had a history of intermittent dyspnoea, wheeze and cough which was worse on waking and improved as the day progressed, she had a positive Pemberton's sign and the computerised axial tomography scan showed that the lesion was encroaching on the superior vena cava.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.209-az0343.x

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4

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Rabies viruses infect primary cultures of murine, feline, and human microglia and astrocytes (1997)

Ray, N. B. ; Power, C. ; Lynch, W. P. ; [et al.]

Springer

Archives of virology 142 (1997), S. 1011-1019

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ISSN: 1432-8798

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary. Recent studies have reported the detection of rabies viral antigens and virions in astrocytes and microglia of rabies-infected animals. As a first step toward understanding whether these glial cells may be involved in rabies virus replication, persistence, and/or pathogenesis, we explored their potential to be infected in vitro. Primary cultures of murine, feline, and human microglia and astrocytes were infected with several different rabies viruses: two unpassaged street virus isolates, a cell culture-adapted strain, and a mouse brain-passaged strain. Infection, as determined by immunofluorescence, was detected in 15 of the 16 (94%) virus-glial cell combinations. Replication of infectious virus, determined by infectivity assay, was detected in 7 of the 8 (88%) virus-cell combinations. These results show that astrocytes and microglia can be infected by rabies viruses, suggesting that they may have a potential role in disease, perhaps contributing to viral spread, persistence and/or neuronal dysfunction.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050136

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Validity of the Malaise Inventory in general population samples (1999)

Rodgers, B. ; Pickles, A. ; Power, C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 34 (1999), S. 333-341

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ISSN: 1433-9285

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract Background: The Malaise Inventory is a commonly used self-completion scale for assessing psychiatric morbidity. There is some evidence that it may represent two separate psychological and somatic sub-scales rather than a single underlying factor of distress. This paper provides further information on the factor structure of the Inventory and on the reliability and validity of the total scale and two sub-scales. Methods: Two general population samples completed the full Inventory: over 11,000 subjects from the National Child Development Study at ages 23 and 33, and 544 mothers of adolescents included in the Isle of Wight epidemiological surveys. Results: The internal consistency of the full 24-item scale and the 15-item psychological sub-scale were found to be acceptable, but the eight-item somatic sub-scale was less reliable. Factor analysis of all 24 items identified a first main general factor and a second more purely psychological factor. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the validity of the scale held for men and women separately and for different socio-economic groups, by reference to external criteria covering current or recent psychiatric morbidity and service use, and that the psychological sub-scale had no greater validity than the full scale. Conclusions: This study did not support the separate scoring of a somatic sub-scale of the Malaise Inventory. Use of the 15-item psychological sub-scale can be justified on the grounds of reduced time and cost for completion, with little loss of reliability or validity, but this approach would not significantly enhance the properties of the Inventory by comparison with the full 24-item scale. Inclusion of somatic items may be more problematic when the full scale is used to compare particular sub-populations with different propensities for physical morbidity, such as different age groups, and in these circumstances it would be a sensible precaution to utilise the 15-item psychological sub-scale.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001270050153

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