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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 22 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The polymorphism of the LST-1 gene (the human homologue of the mouse B144 gene) can be identified by Pvu II restriction enzyme digestion. We investigated the contribution of this RFLP to disease susceptibility in 117 patients with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 110 with Graves’ disease (GD) and 93 healthy controls. The distribution of the different LST-1 alleles (LST-1*1:1323bp, LST-1*2:610bp/713) was similar among IDDM and GD patients as well as in controls. The combination of DQA1*0501, DQB1*0201 and DQB1*0301, all predisposing to endocrine autoimmune disease, with LST-1*1 or LST-1*2 was not increased in patients. Analysis of two informative families with IDDM demonstrated cosegregation of DQA1 and DQB1 alleles with LST-1 alleles. No association of LST-1 polymorphisms with IDDM nor GD could be demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Decarboxylation ; Enantioselectivity ; Catalysis ; β-Ketoacid ; Aminoalcohol ; Circular dichroism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Katalytische Mengen von enantiomerenreinen Aminoalkoholen beschleunigen die Decarboxylierung von 2-Carboxy-2-methyl-1-tetralon. Es werden Enantiomerenüberschüsse von bis zu 35% erzielt. CD-Spektroskopie erlaubt eine schnelle Abschätzung der Effizienz von Aminoalkoholen und anderen Verbindungen als Katalysatoren für asymmetrische Reaktionen.
    Notes: Summary Catalytic amounts of enantiopure aminoalcohols assist the decarboxylation of 2-carboxy-2-methyl-1-tetralone to 2-methyl-1-tetralone affording enantiomeric excesses of up to 35%. A rapid screening of the efficiency of various potential inductors of enantioselectivity has been carried out using circular dichroism spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 70 (1999), S. 114-122 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Focal hepatic disease ; Imaging ; Diagnostic strategy ; Diagnostic efficacy. ; Schlüsselwörter: Focale Leberläsionen ; Bildgebung ; diagnostische Effizienz.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Abhängig vom Primärtumor treten bei bis zu 80 % der Patienten mit einem extrahepatischen Malignom Lebermetastasen auf. Für ein zielgerichtetes, therapeutisches Management dieser Patienten ist erforderlich, daß Lebermetastasen ausgeschlossen oder nachgewiesen werden und ggf. in ihrer Zahl, Lokalisation und Größe bestimmt werden. Prinzipiell kommen dazu Sonographie, Computertomographie (CT), Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT), nuklearmedizinische Verfahren und Angiographie in Frage. Alle diese Methoden wurden laufend weiterentwickelt und technisch verbessert, so daß auch ihre diagnostische Aussagekraft zugenommen hat. Die biphasische, Kontrastmittel-verstärkte Spiral-CT (SCT) und MRT mit modernen Pulssequenzen und gewebespezifischen Kontrastmitteln haben sich hinsichtlich ihrer diagnostischen Effizienz und der Reproduzierbarkeit der Untersuchungsergebnisse als überlegen erwiesen. Mit SCT und MRT wird in der Diagnostik focaler Leberläsionen eine Sensitivität und Spezifität von jeweils 80–95 % erreicht. Die Verfahren besitzen darüber hinaus den Vorteil, daß sie nichtinvasiv sind. Die diagnostische Strategie bei der Abklärung von Lebermetastasen hat neben den Stärken und Schwächen der Untersuchungsmethoden die jeweilige klinische Situation des Patienten zu beachten, sollte schnell zu konklusiven Ergebnissen kommen und nicht zuletzt Kosten-Nutzen-Gesichtspunkte berücksichtigen.
    Notes: Summary. Liver metastases are much more common than primary hepatic malignancies and may occur in up to 80 % of patients with extrahepatic malignancies. To optimize the patient's management, precise detection or exclusion of liver metastases, as well as assessment of their number and extent, is indispensable. For imaging of liver metastases, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scintigraphy, and angiography can be utilized. All these methods have been technically improved with benefits for diagnostic utility. Biphasic contrast-enhanced spiral CT (SCT) and MRI with modern pulse sequences and tissue-specific contrast agents are superior to other imaging modalities in terms of diagnostic efficacy and reproducibility of results. With SCT and MRI sensitivities and specificities in the diagnosis of focal hepatic disease are in the range of 80–95 %. Moreover, their non-invasiveness is a strong advantage. The diagnostic strategy in the assessment of liver metastases has to take into account both the strengths and limitations of the respective method. Additionally, the clinical situation of a particular patient has to be considered, and conclusive diagnostic results have to be achieved in a short time in order to ensure a favourable cost-effectiveness relation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words. Laparoscopy ; Recurrence ; Laparoscopic herrnioplasty ; Transabdominal preperitoneal technique (TAPP). ; Schlüsselwörter: Laparoskopie ; Rezidiv ; laparoskopische Hernioplastik ; TAPP.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Einleitung: Berichtet wurde über 276 Operationen, welche aufgrund eines Erst-, Zweit- oder Mehrfachrezidivs in transabdomineller präperitonealer laparoskopischer Technik (TAPP) durchgeführt worden waren mit der Fragestellung der Evaluierung der transabdominellen präperitonealen Operationstechnik in besonderer Hinsicht auf die Behandlung der Rezidiv-Leistenhernien. Methoden: Die Patienten wurden in unserer Klinik nach zwei Wochen und einem Jahr nachuntersucht. Die Nachbeobachtungsrate ein Jahr nach Operation lag bei 78,1 %. Die Behandlungs- und Operationsdaten wurden prospektiv erhoben. Ergebnisse: Die Komplikationen wurden in unwesentliche und wesentliche unterteilt. Die Gesamtkomplikationsrate lag bei 9 %, wobei 5,3 % der Kranken wesentliche Komplikationen erlitten. Neben den allgemeinen Vorteilen der laparoskopischen Chirurgie zeigt sich eine sehr geringe Re-Rezidivrate mit nur 0,4 % nach einer Beobachtungszeit von einem Jahr. Schlussfolgerung: Neben der Indikation bei Primärleistenhernien mit ausgedehntem Hinterwanddefekt sowie doppelseitigen Leistenhernien bevorzugen wir die transabdominelle präperitoneale (TAPP) Methode bei Versorgung von Rezidivhernien.
    Notes: Summary. Introduction: It was our aim to evaluate the results of laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair (TAPP) with regard to recurrent hernias treated in our department. Methods: Included were 276 operations for first or subsequent recurrence of inguinal hernia previously treated with suture repair. All final repairs were carried out using the TAPP technique. The data were collected prospectively. The patients were examined 2 weeks and 1 year postoperatively. The rate of follow-up amounted to 78.1 % at 1 year after operation. Results: Perioperative complications were monitored prospectively and divided into intraoperative, minor and major. The overall complication rate amounted to 9 %, major complications 5.3 %. The re-recurrence rate was 0.4 %. Conclusions: Because of the general advantages of laparoscopic surgery and the low recurrence rate we prefer laparoscopic hernioplasty using the TAPP technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Fokale Leberläsionen ; Spiral-CT ; MRT ; Kontrastmittel ; SPIO ; Key words Focal liver lesions ; Spiral CT ; MRI ; Ferumoxides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced, dual-phase spiral CT and MRI before and after administration of SPIO particles in focal hepatic disease with previously uncertain diagnosis. Material and methods: In 46 patients in whom primary or secondary hepatic malignancy was suspected, dual-phase spiral CECT and breath-held T1-weighted gradient-echo and T2-weighted fast spin-echo MRI (1.5 T, body-phased-array coil) before and after SPIO administration were compared. The indications for the subsequent MRI studies were based on ambiguous findings on CECT. The number of hepatic lesions, the overall lesion detection and characterization was evaluated by consensus and compared to the gold standard (histological proof in 30/46 of the cases, long-term follow-up in 16/46 of the cases). Results: In 34 of 46 cases the correct diagnoses were established by CECT (sensitivity 96%, specificity 48%) revealing significantly less lesions than MRI. Unenhanced MRI had sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 71%, whereas SPIO-enhanced MRI had sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 88%. The differences between the modalities were even more pronounced in the detection of lesions smaller than 10 mm with SPIO-MRI as the most sensitive method. Conclusions: In this problem-oriented scenario, SPIO-enhanced MRI was superior to spiral CT and unenhanced MRI regarding the diagnostic efficacy in the pre-operative work-up of focal liver lesions. SPIO-enhanced MRI can be recommended as a problem-solving tool for the clinical routine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Analyse der diagnostischen Wertigkeit der kontrastmittelverstärkten, biphasischen Spiral-CT im Vergleich zu nativer und SPIO-verstärkter MRT bei Patienten mit V.a. fokale Leberläsionen vor eventueller Leber-OP. Material und Methode: 46 Patienten mit V.a. sekundäre oder primäre Lebertumoren wurden nach i.v.-Kontrastmittelgabe an einem Spiral-CT und an einem 1,5 Tesla-Magneten (Atemstillstand-Sequenzen, Körper-Array-Spule) vor und nach i.v.-Infusion von superparamagnetischen Eisenoxydpartikeln untersucht. Die CT- und MRT-Untersuchungen wurden hinsichtlich Läsionsanzahl, -detektion und -charakterisierung qualitativ beurteilt und mit dem Goldstandard (Histologie in 30/46, follow-up in 16/46 der Fälle) verglichen. Ergebnisse: Die Spiral-CT erbrachte in 34/46 Fällen eine korrekte Diagnose, wobei sie signifikant weniger Läsionen in der Leber zeigte als die MRT. Die native MRT war der Spiral-CT hinsichtlich Läsionsdetektion und diagnostischer Effizienz überlegen und wurde noch von der SPIO-verstärkten MRT übertroffen. Der Unterschied zwischen den Modalitäten war bei Läsionen kleiner 10 mm noch deutlicher, von denen die Spiral-CT lediglich 6/13 Läsionen detektierte. Schlußfolgerungen: Die SPIO-MRT ist der biphasischen Spiral-CT und der nativen MRT im Nachweis und bei der Charakterisierung fokaler Leberläsionen überlegen und kann in problematischen Fällen allgemein empfohlen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 1348-1352 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura — Laparoscopic splenectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Laparoscopic splenectomy is a novel approach for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in patients requiring surgical intervention. This technique was used for treatment in 16 consecutive patients. Follow-up was initiated at a median of 13.5 months after surgery to determine whether or not laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe and successful procedure that should be used in all patients requiring splenectomy for ITP. Methods: Sixteen patients underwent laparoscopic splenectomy for ITP between May 1994 and September 1996. They were evaluated prospectively prior to surgery, immediately following surgery, at discharge, and at 13.5 months following surgery (n= 14) to determine the short- and long-term results of the procedure. Results: Mean operation time was 123.4 ± 12.1 min, and there were no significant intra- or postoperative complications. Mean intraoperative blood loss was 437.5 ± 73.5 ml. Autologous blood transfusion was necessary in one patient (6.3%). Mean organ weight was 202.2 ± 47.3 g. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.6 ± 0.4 days. Before discharge, mean platelet count rose by 100.7%. At follow-up (13.5 months postoperatively), it was 77.7% above preoperative values. No additional surgery was necessary in any of the patients undergoing laparoscopic splenectomy, and hematologic success was achieved in 12 patients (85.7%). Conclusions: Our results clearly indicate that laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe and successful procedure in patients suffering from ITP. It offers the well-known advantages of minimal invasive surgery as well as the surgical effectiveness of the open approach. This surgical technique should therefore be considered in all patients requiring splenectomy for the treatment of ITP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 9 (1995), S. 1009-1012 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Jet-Cutter ; Laparoscopic surgery ; Liver resection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Laparoscopic liver resection requires careful patient selection. Tumor size and location have a major influence on the feasibility of a laparoscopic operation. Isolation and ligation of blood vessels and bile ducts after selective liver dissection by suitable techniques are important for visual control of the operating field. Since the Jet-Cutter has proven to give excellent clinical results in conventional liver surgery, we carried out laparoscopic liver resections with the Jet-Cutter in six patients. Five tumors were located in the left liver lobe; the fifth was in segment 6. There were no intra- or postoperative complications. The patients were discharged from the hospital after a mean of 5.4±2.1 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Rats ; Small bowel ; Ischemia ; Zinc ; Heat shock protein 70 ; Schlüsselwörter Ratten ; Dünndarm ; Zink ; Hitzeschockprotein 70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ziel dieser Studie war es zu klären, ob die HSP70-Induktion durch Zn2+ den Dünndarm von Ratten gegen Ischämie schützen kann. Es wurden 24 männliche Wistar-Ratten (Gewicht 200–300 g) in 4 Gruppen aufgeteilt: I. NaCl-Behandlung über 24 h (n=4); II. Zn2+-Behandlung über 24 h (n=4); III. NaCl-Vorbehandlung über 24 h und Ischämie (n=8); IV. Zn2+-Vorbehandlung über 24 h und Ischämie (n=8). Die Zn2+-Vorbehandlung erfolgte durch intraperitoneale Gabe von 50 mg/kg Zink-di-dl-Hydrogenaspartat=10 mg/kg Zn2+. Die Ischämie in einem definierten Segment des Dünndarms wurde durch eine Ligatur der V. und A. mesenterica sowie der beiden Segmentenden erzeugt. Gewebeproben wurden jeweils vor und 2, 4 und 6 h nach der Ligatur histologisch, immunohistochemisch und durch ,,Western blotting`` untersucht. 24 h nach intraperitonealer Zn2+-Injektion zeigten sich erhöhte HSP70-Dünndarmgewebespiegel. Histologische Untersuchungen mit nachfolgender Klassifizierung des Ischämieschadens ergaben geringere Gewebenekrotisierung nach Zn2+-Vorbehandlung sowie HSP70-Induktion im Vergleich zu den mit NaCl vorbehandelten Kontrolltieren. Schlußfolgerung: Diese Studie weist nach, daß Zn2+ im Dünndarm in vivo (bei Ratten) HSP70 induzieren kann und daß damit der Dünndarm gegen Ischämie geschützt werden kann.
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the study was to determine whether the induction of HSP70 by Zn2+ is able to protect the small bowel of rats against ischemia. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (weight 200–300 g) were divided into four groups: (1) saline treatment for 24 h (n=4); (2) Zn2+ treatment for 24 h (n=4); (3) Saline pretreatment for 24 h and ischemia (n=8); (4) Zn2+ pretreatment for 24 h and ischemia (n=8). Pretreatment with Zn2+ was carried out by intraperitoneal administration of 50 mg/kg zinc bis (dl-hydrogen aspartate)=10 mg/kg Zn2+. Ischemia in a defined segment of the small bowel was produced by ligation of the mesenteric vein and artery and ligation of both ends of the segment. Tissue samples were collected before and 2, 4 and 6 h after ligation and investigated by histology, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Twenty-four h after i.p. Zn2+ injection, the small bowel expressed increased HSP70 tissue levels. Histology with subsequent grading of ischemic tissue injury showed significantly decreased tissue necrosis after Zn2+ pretreatment and HSP70 induction compared with saline pretreated controls. In conclusion, this study proves that Zn2+ is inducing HSP70 in the small bowel in vivo and hereby able to protect the small bowel against ischemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 356 (1996), S. 215-220 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Gas-potentiometric analysis using oxide-ion-conducting solid electrolytes as stabilized zirconia is a worthwhile method for the investigation of combustion processes. In the case of gas and oil flames specific parameters like the flame contour, the degree of burn-out and mixing can be determined and information about flame turbulence and reaction density can be gained from the temporal resolution of the sensor signal. Measurements carried out with solid electrolyte oxygen sensors in a fluidized bed show that combustion processes of solid fuels are also analyzable. This analysis results in fuel specific burn-out curves finally leading to burn-out times and to parameters of a macrokinetics of the combustion process as well as to ideas about the burn-out mechanism. From the resulting constants of the effective reaction rate a reactivity relative to bituminous coal coke can be given for any solid fuel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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