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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periprosthetic Mineralization Around Cementless Total Hip Endoprosthesis: Longitudinal Study and Cross-Sectional Study on Titanium Threaded Acetabular Cup and Cementless Spotorno Stem with DEXA (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 62 (1998), S. 177-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone mineral density (BMD) — Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) — Cementless total hip arthroplasty — Threaded acetabular cup.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In a prospective longitudinal study over 2 years and a separate cross-sectional study more than 5 years after operation, we analyzed periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD) after cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) (press-fit cementless Spotorno stem, Mecron threaded acetabular cup) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). BMD was analyzed in a longitudinal prospective study (n = 53 patients: 29 women, 24 men) and in a separate cross-sectional study (n = 23 patients: 13 women, 10 men) with good clinical outcome (Merle d' Aubigne score 〉 12). Regions of interest were defined according to Gruen (ROI 1–7) and as netto average ROI (NETAVG I) for the periprosthetic femur, and according to De Lee and Charnley (ROI I-III) and as NETAVG II for the periprosthetic acetabulum. BMD during follow-up was compared with immediate postoperative values of the affected limb. Mean precision error (CV%) was 2.6 ± 0.5% for ROI 1–7 and 1.3 ± 0.9% for ROI I–III. BMD significantly decreased in the periprosthetic femur and acetabulum during the first 3 months after operation. At the femur, BMD (NETAVG I) for women and men, respectively, was 92.4% and 87.5% at 6 months, then 89.4% and 96.2% at 2 years. ROIs around the proximal stem showed the lowest absolute values and decreased most during follow-up (to 79.9% ROI 1 and 68.2% ROI 7, respectively). Mineralization around the cup (NETAVG II), respectively, amounted to 81.1%, 82.6% at 6 months, then 80.1% and 93.8% at 2 years. The medially placed ROI II demineralized most (respectively, 72.1% and 76.7%). More than 5 years after THA, BMD in the femur showed little change, but decreased significantly to 76.4% and 79.1%, respectively, around the cup (NETAVG II). DEXA is a useful method for analyzing changes of mineralization around cup and stem of cementless THA. The results reflect the different stress on the periprosthetic bone after implantation of THA in defined ROIs, supporting earlier reported good clinical results of the Spotorno stem and increased loosening rate of threaded acetabular cups after 5 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900413
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone quality in the lumbar spine in high-performance athletes (1996)
    Springer
    European spine journal 5 (1996), S. 258-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Bone mineral density ; Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ; High-performance athletes ; Osteoporosis treatment ; Osteoporosis prevention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Little is known about the influence of high-performance training on the bone quality of the lumbar spine, in particular, the effects on bone mineral density (BMD) in athletes with high weight-bearing demands on the spine. Measurements were therefore performed in internationally top-ranked high-performance athletes of different disciplines (weight lifters, boxers, and endurance-cyclists). The measurements were carried out by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the results compared with the measurements of 21 age-matched male controls. The BMD of the high-performance weight lifters was greater than that of the controls by 24% (0.252 g/cm2) on the AP view and by 23% (0.200 g/cm2) on the lateral view (P〈0.01), while difference in BMD between the boxers and the controls was+17% (0.174 g/cm2) on the AP view and +19% (0.174 g/cm2) on the lateral view. The BMD of the lumbar spine in all endurance cyclists was lower than that in the controls (AP view-10%, 0.105 g/cm2; lateral view-8%, 0.067 g/cm2; P〉0.05). The results show that training program stressing axial loads of the skeleton may lead to a significant increase of BMD in the lumbar spine of young individuals. Other authors' findings that the BMD of endurance athletes may decrease are confirmed. Nevertheless the 10% BMD loss of cyclists was surprisingly high.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301329
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    XIX Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 124 (1998), S. 220-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004320050158
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuropathology in non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected drug addicts: hypoxic brain damage after chronic intravenous drug abuse (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 91 (1996), S. 642-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Drug addiction ; Brain ; Hippocampus ; Nerve cell damage ; Hypoxia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neuropathological studies were carried out on 180 human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative intravenous drug addicts. The findings in victims of acute heroin intoxication (n = 116) were congestion (99.1%), capillary engorgement (68.1%), and/or perivascular bleeding (68.1%) – hemodynamic processes attributable to toxic primary respiratory failure. In a high percentage of these cases (88%), cerebral edema was also present. In 18 cases of acute heroin intoxication who survived for periods of hours or days, the sole postmortem finding was ischemic nerve cell damage, resembling that typically seen in systemic hypoxia. Semiquantitative analysis revealed nerve cell loss in the hippocampal formation and/ or Purkinje cell layer in 26% of the 162 chronic drug abusers. By contrast, in nearly 80% of these cases, the hippocampus showed enhanced expression of glial fibrillary acid protein by astrocytes and/or a proliferation of microglia, demonstrated by CD68 expression. Since such reactive processes are produced by primary neuronal damage, it can be assumed that chronic intravenous drug abuse results in obviously ischemic nerve cell loss. This could be demonstrated in the hippocampus, but it must also occur throughout the whole brain. The demonstration of ischemic nerve cell damage and neuronal loss or secondary reactive alterations has not been described previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050478
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative assessment of callus distraction using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (1997)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 21 (1997), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Le processus de la minéralisation peut précisément être étudié d’une manière quantitative pendant et après la distraction du cal au moyen de l’absorptiométrie en énergie-binaire (DEXA) en créant une petite radioexposition. Des patients (n = 21) avec une distraction du cal, auxquels nous avons mesuré prospectivement la densité minérale de l’os (bone mineral density = BMD) dans et autour du cal nouvellement formé, étaient traités avec des fixateurs externes unilatéraux. La minéralisation a montré une courbe typique avec une première pointe de valeur [0,365 +/– 0,196 g/cm 2 (30,9% de la première valeur)] à 4 – 6 semaines après le début de la distraction. Une valeur minimale apparut à la distraction maximale. Dans la période de consolidation la BMD est montèe jusqu’au moment de l’enlèvement du fixateur à 1,020 +/– 0,234 g/cm2 (87%). La minéralisation du cal, mésurée grâce à la technique des «regions of interest (ROIs)», augmenté plus vite aux ROIs éloignées qu’aux ROIs très proches du fixateur. De la dynamisation du fixateur résulte une vitesse de minéralisation plus homogène. Nous considérons la DEXA comme une méthode précise pour étudier les processus de la minéralisation et du développement du cal pendant la distraction avec un fixateur unilatéral. En tenant compte des limites de la technique, la DEXA – qui nous livre des valeurs quantitatives – nous aide à comprendre ce qui se passe pendant la distraction.
    Notes: Summary. Bone mineralisation during and after limb lengthening procedures on the femur or tibia using unilateral fixators has been monitored quantitatively using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). We measured the bone mineral density (BMD) prospectively in the newly formed callus, in the bone adjacent to the callus and in the proximal femur. In twenty-one patients we showed a typical course with a peak value at 4 – 6 weeks after beginning distraction and a minimum value at maximum distraction. In the consolidation period the BMD in the distraction gap increased until the fixator was removed. The BMD in the regenerated bone increased faster in the regions of interest (ROI) opposite the fixator compared to those near it. Dynamisation caused more homogeneous regeneration equalising V BMD in the different ROIs. The BMD in the proximal femur of the leg which was operated on decreased to 67% and in the opposite leg to 87% of the preoperative value. DEXA provides a precise and quantitative assessment of callus and bone mineralisation during limb lengthening and helps in understanding what is happening during these procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050114
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of long PCR to detect t(8;14)(q24;q32) translocations in childhood Burkitt's lymphoma and B-ALL (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 8 (1997), S. 31-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: Burkitt's lymphoma ; c-myc ; PCR ; translocations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and B-ALL are characterized bychromosomal translocations juxtaposing the c-myc gene on chromosome 8to one of the immunoglobulin loci. Translocations involving the immunoglobulinheavy chain (IgH) on chromosome 14 are found in approximately75%–90% of these tumors. The breakpoint regions arelocated over a wide range on both chromosomes. Patients and methods: To detect the translocations, we developed aPCR method to generate long products. After extraction of genomic DNA (QiaAmpSystem,Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), DNA was amplified using a mixture of Taq andPwo polymerases (Boehringer Mannheim, Germany). Several primer pairs from theSµ, JH, CH1 and the Cα regions on IgH and from exon 1 and intron 1of the c-myc gene were tested in each patient. Results: Lymphoma cells from 20 children with Burkitt's lymphoma andB-ALL characterized by FAB-L3 morphology were examined. In 11/20 patients,recombinations between chromosomes 8 and 14 could be detected with our primerpairs. PCR products from 800 to 3700 bp in length were obtained reproducibly.After amplification, the products were characterized by restriction enzymedigestion, hybridization, and in part by direct sequencing. Conclusions: This PCR-based method will allow us (1) to determinethe localization of chromosomal breakpoints in primary tumor material, (2) toinvestigate whether distinct breakpoints are associated with treatmentoutcome, and (3) to detect the presence of minimal residual tumor cells duringor after therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008241514611
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