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  • 1995-1999  (9)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Role of the Foreign Community in the Chinese Public Sphere (1995)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 142 (1995), S. 423-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The last years have seen lively international sinological and domestic Chinese debates oDn the structure and development of the Chinese public sphere. The international discussion has been largely analytical in orientation, prompted by developments in late Qing social history research and the new availability in English and French of Habermas's seminal study. The Chinese discussion has been more strategic, suggesting or legitimizing paths for China's further development: PRC government-directed research in the context of the Seventh Five-Year Plan focused on those aspects in the development experiences of cities like Shanghai which might be of use for the city's further development, especially regarding its relationship with the developed world. Independent critics writing outside the PRC felt prompted to join the discussion about the Chinese public sphere by the growing conflict between a society in the process of rapid diversification and development on the one hand and a political leadership rigidly maintaining the ideal of the people's uniformity in thought and attitude on the other. These differences notwithstanding, the international and domestic branches of the discussion share, for different reasons, an endogenous perspective explaining modern developments from the internal dynamics of Chinese society rather than from the impact from or the response to the West.The international sinological discussion has searched for elements of a self-assertive Chinese public sphere in traditional areas such as guilds, associations or landsmannschaften, in the new private social welfare institutions set up by reconstruction activists after the Taiping rebellion, in the late Qing qingyi discussions within the bureaucracy, or in more modern areas such as labour unions or chambers of commerce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000034998
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  • 2
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    WELLER, "Resistance, Chaos and Control in China: Taiping Rebels, Taiwanese Ghosts and Tiananmen" (Book Review) (1995)
    Ann Arbor, Mich., etc., : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of Asian Studies. 54:1 (1995:Feb.) 209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9118
    Topics: Political Science , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: China and Inner Asia
    Notes: Book Reviews
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:1113-1995-054-01-000042
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ‘Sceptical Chemist’– Fundamental concepts in the history of the scientific process of chemical education (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 357 (1997), S. 138-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The 17th century was witness to scientific chemistry’s emergence from the odd experiments of alchemy. We cannot ascertain its precise date of birth, we can, however, its precise date of christening: in 1661 “The Sceptical Chymist”, the first classical work in the history of chemistry was published by Robert Boyle. Boyle called his chemistry »sceptical« because he had made up his mind to leave aside all mystical explanations and occult attributes as the holy shrine of ignorance. Since those days concepts and theories have been constantly refined under the eyes of the »sceptical chemist« in dialogue with nature. In terms of methodology and concepts the path of recognition was laid down in advance by a contemporary of R. Boyle. It has led in a spiro-cyclical style right up to the end of the 20th century: the principle of the sciences of the 17th century mutated from “corso/ricorso” of then to the “recycling” of today. This principle is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050128
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the sequential fission observed in collisions of100Mo +100Mo and120Sn +120Sn around 20 A·MeV (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 351 (1995), S. 167-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Lm ; 25.85.−w
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Events with 2, 3 and 4 heavy fragments (A≥20) detected in the reactions100Mo +100Mo at 18.7, 23.7 A·MeV and120Sn +120Sn at 18.4 A·MeV were analyzed by means of an improved version of the kinematic coincidence method. The phase-space distributions prove that 3- (and possibly 4-) body events predominantly originate from a two-step mechanism and are compatible with the hypothesis of a binary deep-inelastic interaction followed by the further fissionlike decay of one (or both) of the primary fragments. The characteristics of the fission step — mass asymmetry, relative velocity, in-plane and out-of-plane angles — have been reconstructed for the 3-body events and indications are found that nonequilibrium effects at the end of the deep-inelastic phase may influence the fissionlike decay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01289527
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemische Pumpen (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 29 (1995), S. 316-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.19950290605
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Für Ihre Dokumentation von Nr. 6/95 Chemie in unserer Zeit (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 29 (1995), S. 350-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.19950290613
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vernetzte globuläre Proteine  -  eine neue Klasse halbsynthetischer Makromoleküle: Charakterisierung ihrer Struktur in Lösung am Beispiel hyperpolymeren Hämoglobins und Myoglobins mittels Volumenausschluß-Chromatographie, Viskosimetrie, Osmometrie und LichtstreuungProf. Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. G. V. Schulz zum 90. Geburtstag gewidmet (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 197 (1996), S. 1419-1437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Developing an artificial oxygen carrier for use in humans, we polymerize native haemoglobin and myoglobin, using bifunctional, amino group specific cross-linkers, to soluble, so-called hyperpolymers. These polymers, like other polymerized globular proteins, are members of a new class of macromolecues which consist of macromolecular base units. They all have, due to the mechanisms of the chemical reaction, broad distributions of molecular weights. Fractions of hyperpolymers of human haemoglobin were obtained by employing preparative gel-permeation (size-exclusion) chromatography. The calibration curve of analytical gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) for haemoglobin hyperpolymers was determined using mean molecular weights of some fractions, as assessed by osmometric and light scattering measurements. In analogy to native globular proteins, the calibration curve for haemoglobin polymers  -  within the range of molecular weights considered here, and within the experimental accuracy  -  is a straight line. All fractions of haemoglobin polymers were further characterized with the aid of calibrated analytical GPC. Mean non-uniformity was about, 0,6. The dependence of the logarithm of the intrinsic viscosity [η] on the logarithm of the viscosity-average molecular weight Mη of the fractions (the curve in the “structure-in-solution diagram”) also is a straight line, which is true for haemoglobin and for myoglobin polymers as well. Its first derivative is the exponent a of the Mark-Houwink function; for haemoglobin and myoglobin polymers the values are 0,39 and 0,46, respectively. Haemoglobin and myoglobin hyperpolymers, as members of the new class of polymers, both have a characteristic so-called “structure-in-solution diagram”, and a characteristic calibration curve in GPC. The special structure-in-solution of the polymer proteins is a novel molecular superstructure. The intrinsic viscosity for native myoglobin was found to be 3,5 mL/g.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1996.021970420
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and determination of the structure of high-performance polymer blends by small-angle neutron scattering (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 16 (1995), S. 771-778 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Amorphous blends from a deuterated polyaryletherketone and a polyetherimide have been prepared and investigated by neutron scattering. The used components differ remarkably in their structure and their solution properties. The blends on the other hand are combinatorial mixtures: the scattering quantity φ1φ2/S(q) is independent of the composition of the blends if the polymer chains have the same length.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1995.030161010
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein neuartiges Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Molmassen Breit verteilter polymerer mit Hilfe der Gelpermeations-Chromatographie und der viskosimetrie am Beispiel Hämoglobin-hyperpolymererHerrn Professor Dr. phil. Dr. h. c. mult. G. V. Schulz zum 90. Geburtstag gewidmet (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 197 (1996), S. 3229-3250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An iterative, approximative procedure is presented, to calibrate the determination of molar masses of polymers with gel-permeation chromatography, additionally using viscometry, and transformations, according to Benoit's concept of universal calibration, even if only polymers with broad molar mass distribution are available. The calculated (intermediate) values of the average molar masses from each step of iteration converge to final values. With at least two fractions of the polymers to be analyzed, and with measured intrinsic viscosities of the fractions, a calibration curve of gel-permeation chromatography and Mark-Houwink's constants can be determined. Assumptions for the use of the calibration procedure are the existence of linear calibration curves for gel-permeation chromatography, constant Mark-Houwink's exponents, and a common universal calibration curve according to Benoit, of the polymers of interest, and of another polymer for comparison. From this second polymer the Mark-Houwink equation must be known (or measurable with acceptable expense), and sufficient uniform fractions for chromatography must be available. In aqueous saline the assumptions are fulfilled by hyperpolymers of human haemoglobin, and by native proteins, as shown in a previous paper. The new procedure was applied to fractions of those hyperpolymers, it was evaluated, and variants of the procedure were compared. The evaluation was done by comparison of the number-and mass-averages of the molar masses of the fractions of haemoglobin hyperpolymers, determined with gel-permeation chromatography calibrated with the new procedure, with the values obtained from osmometry and light scattering. The goodness of the new procedure, especially the power of correction of molar masses, can be demonstrated with the application to fractions of haemoglobin hyperpolymers, it changes with their uniformity. Furthermore, the new procedure shows its efficiency, when three steps of iteration are enough to reach the final values. At last, with a Benoit transformation of the averages of molar masses, obtained by a theoretical consideration within the given marginal conditions, a rectification of the new procedure is given.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1996.021971014
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