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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Timing of the occurrence of frost cracks in winter (1996)
    Springer
    Trees 11 (1996), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words Frost crack ; Low temperature ; Freezing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  In order to determine the timing of the occurrence of frost cracks, as well as to evaluate the climatic conditions associated with such occurrences, study plots were established in late autumn and early winter. Serial observations were made to identify both the occurrence of new frost cracks and the re-opening of old frost cracks in trees in the study plots until mid-winter or early spring. Field observations were conducted for three winter seasons in different study plots. Most old frost cracks were found to re-open in early winter. However, such re-opening did not occur simultaneously within a very limited period of time, for example, within a single day or night, when air temperature fell suddenly or considerably. Re-opening seemed to occur steadily over the course of several days of continuous subzero temperatures. It has been suggested that freezing of the trunk contributes considerably to the re-opening of old frost cracks. Four frost cracks from 1002 trees were newly formed during the course of this study. The new frost cracks developed both in early winter and mid-winter. It has been suggested that new frost cracks can occur during the same period when most old frost cracks re-open and the air temperature does not fall far below 0°C. However, it remains unclear whether or not there is a tendency for new frost cracks to occur during a particular period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004680050057
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aminophlline is effective on acute exacerbations of asthma in adults–objective improvements in peak flow, spirogram, arterial blood gas measurements and lung sounds (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb01141.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissection of a major QTL for photoperiod sensitivity in rice: its association with a gene expressed in an age-dependent manner (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 714-720 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa L. ; Photoperiod-sensitivity genes ; Quantitative traits ; Gene complex ; Wild rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A proposed major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for photoperiod sensitivity on chromosome 6 in rice was examined by introducing a chromosomal segment from a sensitive line into an insensitive one. The crossing experiments showed that a range of variation in heading date occurred in the later generations and that the region might contain at least a major gene and two additional recessive genes controlling photoperiod sensitivity. Gene mapping experiments showed that the major gene was Se-1 and that a recessive gene (tentatively named se-pat) was loosely linked to it. The responses to photoperiods were examined among the different genotypes under natural and controlled conditions. The two genes acted additively on the degree of photoperiod sensitivity. However, se-pat plants showed a response to photoperiods that differed from that of the other sensitive lines; a short-day treatment at the seedling stage delayed heading in the former plants, suggesting that the manner of its expression was age-dependent. A recessive gene similar to se-pat seemed to be widely distributed in wild and cultivated rice, suggesting that the gene complex in the region plays a significant role in response to photoperiod.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050947
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Freezing behavior of xylem ray parenchyma cells in softwood species with differences in the organization of cell walls (1999)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 206 (1999), S. 31-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Freezing tolerance ; Xylem ray parenchyma cells ; Cell wall ultrastructure ; Supercooling ; Cryo-scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary By cryo-scanning electron microscopy we examined the effects of the organization of the cell walls of xylem ray parenchyma cells on freezing behavior, namely, the capacity for supercooling and extracellular freezing, in various softwood species. Distinct differences in organization of the cell wall were associated with differences in freezing behavior. Xylem ray parenchyma cells with thin, unlignified primary walls in the entire region (all cells inSciadopitys verticillata and immature cells inPinus densiflora) or in most of the region (mature cells inP. densiflora and all cells inP. pariflora var.pentaphylla) responded to freezing conditions by extracellular freezing, whereas xylem ray parenchyma cells with thick, lignified primary walls (all cells inCrytomeria japonica) or secondary walls (all cells inLarix leptolepis) in most regions responded to freezing by supercooling. The freezing behavior of xylem ray parenchyma cells inL. leptolepis changed seasonally from supercooling in summer to extracellular freezing in winter, even though no detectable changes in the organization of cell walls were apparent. These results in the examined softwood species indicate that freezing behavior of xylem ray parenchyma cells changes in parallel not only with clear differences in the organization of cell walls but also with subtle sub-electron-microscopic differences, probably, in the structure of the cell wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279251
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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