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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parallel Searching in Generalized Monge Arrays (1997)
    Springer
    Algorithmica 19 (1997), S. 291-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0541
    Keywords: Key words. Monge arrays, CREW-PRAM algorithms, Hypercubes.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper investigates the parallel time and processor complexities of several searching problems involving Monge, staircase-Monge, and Monge-composite arrays. We present array-searching algorithms for concurrent-read-exclusive-write (CREW) PRAMs, hypercubes, and several hypercubic networks. All these algorithms run in near-optimal time, and their processor-time products are all within an $O (\lg n)$ factor of the worst-case sequential bounds. Several applications of these algorithms are also given. Two applications improve previous results substantially, and the others provide novel parallel algorithms for problems not previously considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00009175
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Choledochal cysts: evaluation with MR cholangiography (1998)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 616-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Choledochal cysts—MR cholangiography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To determine where magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiography can accurately demonstrate the presence, extent, and type of choledochal cysts. Methods: Ten patients with sonographically suspected choledochal cysts were evaluated with a non-breath-hold MR cholangiography technique. The presence, extent, and type of choledochal cyst were determined. Visualization of the pancreatobiliary junction was recorded. MR cholangiographic findings were correlated with the gold standard of surgery in six patients, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in two, and a 99mTc hepatobiliary scintigram in one. Three patients underwent intraoperative cholangiography. Results: All MR cholangiograms were correlated with findings at surgery, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, or 99mTc hepatobiliary scintigraphy. There were seven Todani type 1 and two Todani type 5 choledochal cysts (Caroli's disease). The extent of involvement was correctly demonstrated on all MR cholangiograms. The pancreatobiliary junction could not be identified in any of the cases. Calculi and sludge were correctly identified on the MR cross-sectional images in three patients but were not seen on MR cholangiograms in two. In one patient with an initially misinterpreted choledochal cyst, MR sectional images showed the typical appearance of a hydatid cyst, which was confirmed at surgery. Conclusion: MR cholangiography can be used to confirm the diagnosis of choledochal cysts and define the extent of involvement preoperatively. The pancreatobiliary junction, however, is difficult to visualize. Nonbiliary cysts such as a hydatid cyst can mimic a choledochal cyst on the MR cholangiogram and should be correlated with the MR cross-sectional images to avoid misinterpretation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900415
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of inorganic fertilizers and micronutrients on methane production from wetland rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 319-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Methane production ; N fertilizers ; Micronutrients ; Wetland rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We compared the effects of adding different forms of nitrogenous fertilizers on the production of CH4 in soil and on CH4 emission from rice plants, Urea and diammonium phosphate gave the highest rates of CH4 production from the soil and emission through rice plants, followed by (NH4)2SO4. NaNO3 was the least effective. The effects of micronutrients like Mo, Ni, or B were more prominent than those of Fe, Mn, Zn, V, or Co. It is concluded that CH4 emission from rice paddies is influenced by both macro- and micronutrients, through effects on both microbial methanogenesis in soil and elimination through rice plants as a consequence of the effects on plant growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334910
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amelioration of water stress effects on wetland rice by urea-N, plant growth regulators, and foliar spray of a diazotrophic bacterium Klebsiella sp. (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 454-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Water stress effects ; Urea N ; Diazotrophic bacteria ; Plant growth regulators ; Wetland rice ; Oryza sativa L. ; Klebsiella sp. strain ; CO2 exchange ; Na content
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Some of the measures suggested for amelioration of drought effects include application of N fertilizer and plant growth regulators (PGRs). Since N2-fixing bacteria produce plant growth substances (PGRs), the effect of foliar application of an active strain of Klebsiella sp. (KUPOS) on IR-50 rice was examined using three foliar sprays applied at 10-day intervals. Irrigation once every 3 days was essential for plant growth. Application of KUPOS and 40 kg N ha–1 improved grain yield of acutely water stressed plants from 330 kgha–1 to more than 1300 kgha–1 along with an improvement in several growth variables and yield determinants. Indole acetic acid, kinetin and GA3, in a mixture of 10–4 M of each, were less effective than KUPOS in alleviating stress effects. The adverse effects of water stress on respiration and photosynthesis as indicated by CO2 exchange were also alleviated by these treatments. While uptake of K, Mg, Ca, Fe and Mo was increased, Na content decreased, accompanied by an increase in proline content. The order of effectiveness of the treatments was 40 kg N ha–1 〉KUPOS〉PGRs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335922
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of inorganic fertilizers and micronutrients on methane production from wetland rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 319-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Methane production ; N fertilizers ; Micronutrients ; Wetland rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We compared the effects of adding different forms of nitrogenous fertilizers on the production of CH4 in soil and on CH4 emission from rice plants, Urea and diammonium phosphate gave the highest rates of CH4 production from the soil and emission through rice plants, followed by (NH4)2SO4. NaNO3 was the least effective. The effects of micronutrients like Mo, Ni, or B were more prominent than those of Fe, Mn, Zn, V, or Co. It is concluded that CH4 emission from rice paddies is influenced by both macro- and micronutrients, through effects on both microbial methanogenesis in soil and elimination through rice plants as a consequence of the effects on plant growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334910
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological interactions between soil nitrogen and alkaline-hydrolysing nitrogen fertilizers (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 20 (1995), S. 41-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Added nitrogen interaction ; Ammonia fixation ; 15N ; Immobilization ; Fertilizer-induced solubilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Added N interactions were measured in four soil incubated with 15N-labelled urea or diammonium phosphate. The use of biologically active, γ-irradiated, or reinoculated γ-irradiated samples allowed us to separate added N interactions due to chemical and biological processes, and to distinguish real interactions from apparent effects. Real biologically mediated added N interactions were observed in one soil for both fertilizer sources and in three soils amended with urea. These real interactions increased with the N fertilizer rate, but did not differ significantly between N sources. Fertilizer-induced unlabelled organic N in soil extracts declined during incubation in both sterile and non-sterile samples, but the temporal decline was higher in biologically active soil. Changes in fertilizer-induced unlabelled organic N in the extracts of three soils attributed to biological processes were similar to the measured real biologically mediated added N interactions. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that real biologically mediated added N interactions arise from the mineralization of soil organic N solubilized by alkaline-hydrolysing N fertilizers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307839
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineralization of soil organic nitrogen solubilized by aqua ammonia fertilizer (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Added nitrogen interaction ; Alkaline-hydrolysing fertilizer ; Aqua ammonia ; Gross N immobilization ; Gross N mineralization ; 15N ; Soluble organic N availability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Organic N solubilized by NH3(aq) was extracted from 15N-labelled or unlabelled soil, concentrated and added to non-extracted soil, which was incubated under aerobic conditions at 27±1°C. Gross N mineralization, gross N immobilization, and nitrification in soils with or without addition of unlabelled soluble organic N were estimated by models based on the dilution of the NH 4 + or NO inf3 sup- pools, which were labelled with 15N at the beginning of incubation. Mineralization of labelled organic N was measured by the appearance of label in the mineral N pool. Although gross N mineralization and gross N immobilization were increased in two soils between day 0 and day 7 following addition of unlabelled organic N solubilized by NH3(aq), there was no increase in net N mineralization. Solubilization of 15N-labelled organic N increased and the 15N enrichment of the soluble organic N decereased as the concentration of NH3(aq) added increased. A constant proportion of approximately one-quarter of the labelled organic N added at different rates to non-extracted soil was recovered in the mineral N pool after an incubation period of 14 days, and the availability ratios calculated from net N mineralization data were 1.1:1 and 2.1:1 for 111 and 186 mg added organic-N kg-1 soil, respectively, indicating that the mineralization of organic N was increased by solubilization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335824
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of surface radiation and variable property natural convection in a differentially heated square cavity - a finite element analysis (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 9 (1999), S. 423-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A finite element solution on the interaction of surface radiation and variable property laminar natural convection is presented. Finite element formulation of the governing equations, associated with variable property natural convection, and incorporation of the radiative boundary conditions has been extensively discussed. The study also aims to highlight the limiting value of the terminal temperature difference (TTD), below which the natural convection heat transfer becomes the sole heat transfer mode, i.e. the effect of surface radiation can be neglected. The effects of variations of emissivity and TTD are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615539910266594
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auger electron spectroscopy of molecules: Angular and spin correlation with photoelectrons from rotating linear molecules (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 8359-8370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detailed theoretical framework is developed for studying sequential emission of a photoelectron and an Auger electron from a rotating linear molecule with information on momenta and spin-polarization of the departing particles. Identical expressions, except, of course, for different dynamical amplitudes, in both the Hund's coupling schemes (a) and (b) are obtained for the three different correlation functions considered in this paper. The use of the parity adapted wave functions for the molecular states involved results in, among other things, the presence of only a finite number of harmonics for each of the directions included in the correlation function. Several specific photon-propagation, electron-detection configurations are suggested for which the general correlation functions derived herein become particularly simple. The correlation between the Auger and the photoelectrons is shown to become, under specific conditions, completely isotropic for all bound molecular orbitals, whatever may be their symmetries, from which pair of electrons comes out. This analysis is independent of any dynamical calculations which can be performed in a hierarchy of approximations beginning from semiempirical phenomenological models to sophisticated ab initio methods. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.468827
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multi-stage pressure—temperature record in the Chilka Lake granulites: the epitome of the metamorphic evolution of Eastern Ghats, India? (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 13 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Metapelitic and charnockitic granulites exposed around Chilka Lake in the northern sector of the Eastern Ghats, India, preserve a multi-stage P—T record. A high-T decompression from above 10 kbar to 8 kbar around 1100°C has been determined from Mg-rich metapelites (XMg〉0.60) with quartz-cordierite-orthopyroxene-sillimanite and cordierite—orthopyroxene—sapphirine—spinel assemblages. Between this and a second decompression to 6.0 kbar, isobaric cooling from 830 to 670°C at 8 kbar is evident. These changes are registered by the rim compositions of orthopyroxene and garnet in charnockites and metapelites with an orthopyroxene—quartz—garnet—plagioclase—cordierite assemblage, and are further supported by the garnet + quartz ± orthopyroxene + cordierite and biotite-producing reactions in sapphirine-bearing metapelites. Another indication of isobaric cooling from 800 to 650°C at 6.0 kbar is evident from rim compositions of orthopyroxene and garnet in patchy charnockites. Two sets of P—T values are obtained from metapelites with a quartz—plagioclase—garnet—sillimanite—cordierite assemblage: garnet and plagioclase cores yield 6.2 kbar, 700°C and the rims 5 kbar, 650°C, suggesting a third decompression.The earliest deformation (F1) structures are preserved in the larger charnockite bodies and the metapelites which retain the high P—T record. The effects of post-crystalline F2 deformation are observed in garnet megacrysts formed during or prior to F1 in some metapelites. Fold styles indicate a compressional regime during F1 and an extensional regime during F2. These lines of evidence and two phases of cooling at different pressures point to a discontinuity after the first cooling, and imply reworking.Two segments of the present P—T path replicate parts of the P—T paths suggested for four other granulite terranes in the Eastern Ghats, and the sense of all the paths is the same. This, plus the signature of three phases of deformation identified in the Eastern Ghats, suggests that the Chilka Lake granulites could epitomize the metamorphic evolution of the Eastern Ghats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1995.tb00219.x
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