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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attenuation relations for strong seismic ground motion in the Himalayan region (1996)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 147 (1996), S. 161-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Himalayan region ; earthquake ; strong ground motion ; attenuation relation ; seismicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Strong motion data from various regions of India have been used to study attenuation characteristics of horizontal peak acceleration and velocity. The strong ground motion data base considered in the present work consists of various earthquakes recorded in the northern part of India since 1986 with magnitudes 5.7 to 7.2. Using these data, relations for horizontal peak acceleration and velocity, which are $$\begin{gathered} log_{10} a = 1.14 + 0.31M + 0.65log_{10} R \hfill \\ log_{10} v = 0.571 + 0.41M + 0.768log_{10} R \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ have been proposed wherea is the peak horizontal acceleration in cm/sec2,v is the peak horizontal velocity in mm/sec,M is body wave magnitude, andR is the hypocentral distance in km. The proposed relations are in reasonable agreement with the small amount of strong ground motion data available for the northern part of India. The present results will be useful in estimating strong ground motion parameters and in the earthquake resistant design in the Himalayan region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876442
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of salt stress on interaction between lentil (Lens culinaris) genotypes and Rhizobium spp. strains: symbiotic N2 fixation in normal and sodic soils (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 29 (1999), S. 187-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Rhizobium spp. ; Symbiotic N2 fixation ; Nitrogenase activity ; Glutamine synthetase ; Sodic soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Following screening, selection, characterization and examination of their symbiotic N2 fixation, only two Rhizobium strains (ND-16 and TAL-1860) and four lentil genotypes (DLG-103, LC-50, LC-53 and Sehore 74-3) were found to be suited to sodic soils. Interactions between salt-tolerant lentil genotypes and Rhizobium strains were found to be significant, and resulted in greater nodulation, N2 fixation (nitrogenase activity), total nitrogen, plant height, root length and grain yield in sodic soils under field conditions compared to uninoculated controls. Significantly more nodulation, nitrogenase activity, glutamine synthetase (GS) and NADH-dependent glutamate synthase (NADH-GOGAT) activities were found in normal soil as compared to the soil supplemented with 4% and 8% NaCl. Salt stress inhibited nitrogenase, GS and NADH-GOGAT activities. However, nitrogenase activity in nodules was more sensitive to salt stress than GS and NADH-GOGAT activities (NH4 + assimilation). The relevance of these findings for salt-tolerant symbionts is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050543
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two types of ELF hiss observed at Varanasi, India (1999)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 1260-1267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Ionosphere (equatorial ionosphere; ionosphere-magnetosphere interactions; wave-particle interactions)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The morphology of ELF hiss events observed at low-latitude ground station Varanasi (L = 1.07, geomagnetic latitude 14°55′N) are reported, which consist of two types: (1) events which propagated in ducted mode along the geomagnetic field line corresponding to observing station Varanasi and (2) events which propagated in ducted mode along higher L-values (L = 4–6), after reaching the lower edge of ionosphere excite the Earth-ionosphere wave guide and propagate towards equator to be received at Varanasi. To understand the generation mechanism of ELF hiss, incoherent Cerenkov radiated power from the low latitude and middle latitude plasmasphere are evaluated. Considering this estimated power as an input for wave amplification through wave-particle interaction, the growth rate and amplification factor is evaluated which is too small to explain the observed wave intensity. It is suggested that some non-linear mechanism is responsible for the generation of ELF hiss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1260-5
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A theoretical verification of intensity of plasmaspheric ELF hiss emissions: theory versus GEOS-1 observations (1997)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 15 (1997), S. 597-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An attempt is made to confirm the generation mechanism of plasmaspheric ELF hiss emissions observed aboard GEOS-1 satellite in the equatorial region both at small and large wave normal angles by calculating their magnetic field intensities in terms of incoherent Cerenkov radiation mechanism and cyclotron resonance instability mechanism, using appropriate and suitable plasma parameters. The ELF intensities calculated by Cerenkov radiation mechanism, being 4 to 5 orders of magnitude lower than the observed intensities, rule out the possibility of their generation by this mechanism. On the other hand, the intensities calculated under electron cyclotron resonance instability mechanism are found to be large enough to account for both the observed intensity and propagation losses and hence to confirm that plasmaspheric ELF hiss emissions observed aboard GEOS-1 satellite both at small and large wave normal angles were originally generated in the equatorial region by this mechanism just near the inner edge of the plasmapause. The difference in the observed intensities of two types of the emissions has been attributed to the propagation effect rather than the generation efffect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0597-x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FORMATION OF RESISTANT STARCH DURING DEEP-FAT FRYING AND ITS ROLE IN MODIFYING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRIED PATTIES CONTAINING CORN, RICE, WHEAT, OR POTATO STARCH AND WATER (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food processing and preservation 22 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4549
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Resistant starch (RS) was determined in patties (5.1 cm diameter, 1.27 cm high) prepared by mixing starch (corn, rice, wheat, or potato) in distilled water and immersion fried in canola oil (at 170 ± 3C). The RS content (expressed as % of total starch) in corn starch increased from 4.25 to 5.43% (±0.11) in the core region of a patty, whereas in the outer crust region the RS level was constant throughout the frying process. Similar trend was observed in potato, rice, and wheat starch patties. Upon varying the amylose content in the corn starch from 21 to 70%, the initial RS content (prior to frying) increased from 3.47 to 22.74 (±0.11%), following a linear relationship. Maximum force (MF) to puncture the crust of each starch patty was determined for frying duration of 3 to 15 min. Patties exhibiting higher RS content prior to frying, developed crusts with higher MF to puncture the crust, exhibiting a linear relationship between those two variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.1998.tb00351.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The time-domain magnetotelluric response over three-layer earth models (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 123 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Magnetotelluric data observed in frequency and time domains are expressed as apparent resistivity. the apparent resistivity is a weighted spatial average of the subsurface resistivity distribution. In this paper, we develop analytical expressions to compute the apparent resistivity in the time domain for various three-layer earth models. the present approach to computing the magnetotelluric response in the time domain is found to overcome the problems encountered by the method of images. the magnetotelluric response in the time domain for various three-level models have been computed and shown graphically. the time-domain responses show a characteristic behaviour with a small change in layered parameters (resistivity and thickness of the layers), whereas frequency-domain responses do not show such behaviour. This characteristic behaviour of time-domain magnetotelluric sounding curves will be useful in the qualitative interpretation of field data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb06665.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity analysis of electromagnetic measurements over exponentially varying conductivity earth models (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 121 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Sensitivity analysis of electromagnetic (EM) measurements is important to quantify the effect of the subsurface conductivity on the measured response. Knowledge of the sensitivity functions helps in solving inverse problems related to field data. In the present paper, we have derived the sensitivity functions for exponentially varying conductivity earth models. The effect of the exponential variation of conductivity has been illustrated graphically on the sensitivity functions. The effect of varying the periods of the electromagnetic waves on the sensitivity functions has also been studied, which gives the characteristic behaviour of the sensitivity functions. This characteristic behaviour provides information about the exponentially decreasing or increasing conductivity earth models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb03514.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of whistler ducts recorded at Gulmarg (1996)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 73 (1996), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: Diffused whistler ; ducts ; electron density ; dispersion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Morphological features of whistlers recorded at low latitude ground station Gulmarg (geomag. lat., 24
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114150
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Day time observations of precursors at low latitude (1996)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 73 (1996), S. 267-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: Earth atmosphere ; ionosphere ; whistlers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Whistler precursors observed during day time at low latitude ground station Gulmarg (Geomag. Lat. 24
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00115885
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Whistler observations of the quiet time plasmasphere-ionosphere coupling fluxes at low latitude (1996)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 74 (1996), S. 7-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: atmospheric plasma ; ionosphere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Observations of whistlers during quiet times made at low-latitude ground station Nainital (geomag. lat. 19
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00118718
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