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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance characterization of the Caltech compact torus injector (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1050-1055 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A device is described which is designed to refuel tokamaks of major radius ≈1 m and magnetic field ≈1 T by the injection of a compact torus. The injector utilizes an acceleration stage which adds kinetic energy to the compact torus so that it can penetrate the tokamak magnetic field. The performance of the device was found to be optimized in an unexpected parameter regime. It is theorized that in this regime the accelerator takes part in the formation of the CT. A performance threshold with respect to accelerator current will be presented and methods of impurity reduction will be detailed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146044
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclic AMP regulates basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan, metabolism in rat glomerular epithelial cells (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 162 (1996), S. 65-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: cAMP ; prostaglandins ; glomerular basement membrane ; perlecan ; glomerular epithelial cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Perlecan, the basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), has been fully cloned from mouse and human tissues. When a cRNA probe of murine perlecan cDNA was employed in RNase protection assay to test whether rat glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) constitutively express perlecan, several bands of hybridization were seen, suggesting that sequences between rat and murine perlecan may not be identical. Using primers based on published cDNA sequences of murine and human perlecan and polyA+ RNA of rat GEC, we synthesized a 497 by product (RPD-1) by RT PCR. The deduced aminoacid sequence showed an 85% and 88% homology with domain I of murine and human perlecan, respectively. The three putative sites containing the consensus sequence SGD for attachment of heparan sulfate chains were fully conserved in the rat perlecan as was a site (NFT) for attachment of N-linked oligosaccharide. RPD-I detected a 〉 9.5 kb transcript of perlecan in RNA of GEC, similar in size to that present in rat glomeruli. Employing a riboprobe synthesized from RPD-I in RNase protection assay we examined whether dbcAMP regulated perlecan expression in the GEC. At 1, 6, 24 and 48 h of incubation, l mM dbcAMP caused 43%, 32%, 47% and 40% reduction in mRNA abundance of perlecan, respectively. Immunoprecipitation showed a corresponding reduction of 61%, 70% and 65% in the synthesis of 35SO4 labeled basement membrane HSPG by the GEC following 12, 24 and 48 h of incubation with dbcAMP Following incubation for 1 and 24 h prostaglandins, PGE1 and PGE2 (1 uM), known activators of glomerular adenylate cyclase, reduced perlecan mRNA abundance to a similar extent as dbcAMP on northern analysis. Our results show that glomerular basement membrane HSPG synthesized by the GEC belongs to the perlecan family. Decrease of GEC perlecan gene expression and synthesis by cAMP and prostaglandins may be of relevance to proteinuric states characterized by activation of these mediators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00250997
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active calcium ion transport in Xenopuslaevis skin (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 167 (1997), S. 328-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key wordsApical calcium channels ; Nifedipine ; Diltiazem ; Verapamil ; L-channels ; Lanthanum ; Cobalt ; Nickel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The skin of intact, free-swimming Xenopus laevis transports Ca2+ inwardly in a manner that is proportional to the external [Ca2+] up to about 0.3 mmol · l−1, saturates above 0.3 mmol · l−1, and is opposed to the electrochemical gradient. Efflux is relatively constant at external concentrations between 0.016 and 0.6 mmol · l−1; net flux which is negative below 0.125 mmol · l−1 becomes positive above this external [Ca2+]. Allometric analysis suggests that both Ca2+ influx and efflux scale to the 2/3 power approximately like surface area. There were no significant differences in influx between summer and fall animals; however, efflux was greater in the fall and this resulted in a change from positive balance in the summer to negative balance in the fall. Isolated skins were shown to support a Ca2+ uptake rate of nearly 30 nmol · cm−2 · h−1. The phenylalkylamine verapamil in the apical bathing solution significantly inhibited this at 25 μmol · l−1. The benzothiazepine diltiazem was also effective at 50 μmol · l−1 while the dihydropyradine nifedipine was ineffective up to 100 μmol · l−1. The inorganic ion La3+ was effective at blocking Ca2+ uptake at 300 μmol · l−1; Ni2+ was also effective at 500 μmol · l−1 but Co2+ was ineffective up to 500 μmol · l−1. These results suggest that apical calcium channels in Xenopuslaevis skin have properties similar to mammalian L-channels and fish gill Ca2+ channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600050081
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