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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prevalence of alcohol and drug abuse in schizophrenic inpatients (1993)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1993), S. 362-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Schlagwort(e): Schizophrenia ; Alcoholism ; Substance abuse
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary All schizophrenic patients admitted consecutively either to the Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Munich (group 1,N=183) or the Mental State Hospital Haar/Munich (group 2,N=447) between 1.8.1989 and 1.2.1990 were examined to assess prevalence estimates for substance abuse in schizophrenic inpatients. psychiatric diagnosis were made according to ICD-9 criteria. Psychopathology and psychosocial variables were documented by means of the AMDP-protocol on admission and discharge. The diagnostic procedure included a detailed semi-structured interview concerning the individual alcohol and drug history and sociodemographic data, the Munich Alcoholism Screening Test (MALT), a physical examination and the screening of various laboratory parameters such as GGT and MCV, among others. The results show that substance abuse is a very common problem in schizophrenics. Lifetime prevalence rates for substance abuse were estimated at 21.8% in group 1 and 42.9% in group 2,3-month prevalence rates for substance abuse were estimated at 21.3% resp. 29.0%. Alcohol abuse was by far the most common type of abuse with prevalence estimates being 17.4% resp. 34.6%. Prevalence rates for substance abuse were much higher in the more “chronic” sample of the Mental State Hospital and in male patients. With respect to schizophrenic subtype few differences could be demonstrated with drug dependence being more common in patients with paranoid schizophrenia. The MALT proved to be a valuable sceening instrument for alcohol abuse in schizophrenics with both a high specifity and sensitivity. “Dual diagnosis” schizophrenics had a significantly higher rate of suicide attempts and were less likely to be married. Possible clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02190250
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of a filling catheter during urodynamics (1990)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 1 (1990), S. 124-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Schlagwort(e): Filling catheter ; Closure pressure ; Functional urethral length ; Total urethral length ; Urodynamics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A prospective crossover study of 35 patients was performed to investigate the effect of a filling catheter upon closure pressure, functional length, and total urethral length. Urethral pressure profiles were done while the patients were in the sitting position with a full bladder, both with and without a 6 F pediatric feeding tube in the urethra. Both closure pressure and functional length were significantly higher with the filling catheter in situ. Urethral pressure profiles were different in all patients with the filling catheter in place. Urethral pressure profiles and cystometrograms should be done without filling catheters, using the smallest microtransducer catheters available, to avoid artifactual effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376594
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of a Urinary Control Insert on Quality of Life in Incontinent Women (1999)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 10 (1999), S. 100-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Schlagwort(e): Key words:Obstructive device – Quality of life – Stress incontinence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and effect on quality of life of the Reliance urinary control insert (Uromed Corp., Needham, MA) in women with genuine stress incontinence. Efficacy was evaluated at baseline and at the end of the 12-month study period by standardized pad-weight studies and by rating scales measuring acceptability, incontinence symptom improvement, ease of learning, comfort and time to habituation, recorded in diaries at monthly intervals in 63 women. The SF-36 Health Survey questionnaire was used to assess quality of life status at baseline without the device and after 12 months of device use. A significant decrease in urine loss at 12 months compared with baseline was shown by standardized pad-weight studies, with and without the device in situ. Urine loss was reduced by more than 80% in 91% of the 63 patients, and 79% were completely dry. Patient diaries showed significant improvement in control of leakage, comfort, and ease of device use during the study period. Short-term-36 Health Status data also indicated significant improvement in the physical functioning score at 12 months. Urinary tract infection and hematuria were the most common adverse effects. The Reliance urinary control insert is an efficacious and safe means of controlling genuine stress incontinence in women. The device was perceived as easy to use and comfortable for these 63 women, and resulted in improved quality of life.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00004016
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transvaginal electrical stimulation in the treatment of genuine stress incontinence and detrusor instability (1993)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 4 (1993), S. 9-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Schlagwort(e): Electrical stimulation ; Urinary incontinence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Electrical stimulation has been widely used in Europe to treat incontinence, but original studies and overall use of the device has been limited in North America. Forty-five patients with documented genuine stress incontinence, detrusor instability or mixed incontinence had self-administered therapy for 15 minutes twice daily, for a duration of 6 weeks. Treatment was delivered by a new stimulation device with an attached vaginal probe. Patients recorded treatment times, leak episodes and pad use. Objective measures included a pad test, standing stress test, standing CMG, and resting and dynamic urethral closure pressure profiles. The subjective success rates based on a questionnaire were 71% for genuine stress incontinence, 70% for detrusor instability, and 52% for combined incontinence. Objective testing for both types of incontinence did not show significant improvement after treatment. Four patients reported pain during use of the device, but most wished to continue the device in preference to other therapy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372801
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Treatment of detrusor instability with oxybutynin rectal suppositories (1998)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 9 (1998), S. 100-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Schlagwort(e): Bladder ; Oxybutynin ; Urinary incontinence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Our aim was to determine whether oxybutynin hydrochloride suppositories can be used as a treatment for detrusor instability in patients who have not been able to tolerate oral pharmacological agents. A retrospective chart review of 25 women diagnosed with detrusor instability and treated with oxybutynin rectal suppositories was conducted. Each suppository contained 5 mg oxybutynin, 15 mg micronized Sila gel, and 1.25 g of a fatty acid base. Patients were started on one suppository twice daily and then dose titrated as tolerated. The range of the total daily dose was 5–20 mg. Nine of 25 women (36%) had greater than a 50% overall subjective improvement and 3 (12%) had some improvement. Seven of the 12 responders (58%) continued to use the suppositories for a prolonged period of time (〉90 days). The most common side effects reported were dry mouth 48% and constipation 14.3%. One patient with polymyositis developed a serious anticholinergic reaction which required hospitalization. It was concluded that patients who are unable to tolerate oral anticholinergic and antispasmodic agents for the treatment of detrusor instability may benefit from oxybutynin rectal suppositories.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01982217
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The female urethral syndrome is rarely associated with human papillomavirus infection types 6/11, 16, 18, 31, 33 (1995)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 6 (1995), S. 195-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Schlagwort(e): Modified Kelly Air cystoscope ; Polymerase chain reaction studies ; Urethral biopsy ; Urethral colposcopy ; Urethral condyloma acuminata ; Urethral vascular ectasia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In a 24-month prospective study, 22 patients with documented papillomavirus lesions elsewhere in the lower genital tract underwent biopsy of the urothelium of the urethra. These patients met the accepted criteria for urethral syndrome. The specimens were obtained under colposcopic control with small tissue biopsy forceps inserted through a modified Kelly air cystoscope. Polymerase chain reaction amplification and subsequent DNA primer evaluation failed to reveal the presence of papillomavirus infection in 20 of the 22 patients. Differentiated squamous mucosa was found on morphologic studies from these biopsies in 18 instances (82%). This multicenter study was unable to document the presence of human papillomavirus infection of the proximal urethral vesical neck or bladder trigone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01894261
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pelvic floor electrical stimulation for genuine stress incontinence: Who will benefit and when? (1998)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 9 (1998), S. 265-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Schlagwort(e): Electrical stimulation ; Genuine stress urinary incontinence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract This study sought to determine the characteristics of women in whom pelvic floor electrical stimulation will reduce stress urinary incontinence. It also evaluates how long electrical stimulation should be used before significant improvements are seen in clinical outcomes. Subjects with genuine stress incontinence were enrolled into a multicenter non-randomized trial. They used electrical stimulation for 15 minutes twice daily or every other day for 20 weeks. At the end of 20 weeks, those with a 50% reduction in leakage episodes on voiding diary (‘responders’) were compared with those who did not show a 50% reduction (‘non-responders’). Thirty-one subjects were enrolled and 28 completed the study. After the treatment period, 19 subjects were defined as responders and 9 as non-responders. There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline demographics (e.g. age, parity, largest birth weight etc.) other than body mass index (greater in nonresponders). Significant subjective and objective improvements were noted among responders by 10 and 14 weeks, respectively. Compliance was higher in responders during weeks 12–15 of the study (P=0.05). It was concluded that a minimum of 14 weeks of pelvic floor stimulation was necessary before significant objective improvements were seen. Body mass index and patient compliance may affect success.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01901503
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