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  • 1990-1994  (18)
  • 1985-1989  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of olfactory receptor neurons in honeybees to odorants and their binary mixtures (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 173 (1993), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Honeybee ; Olfaction ; Synergism ; Inhibition ; Concentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recordings were made from single sensilla placodea of the worker honeybee (Apis mellifera). The sensilla were stimulated with one of two sets of four compounds and their binary mixtures, at two dosage levels. Aromatic compounds comprised one set, and saturated n-octane derivatives comprised the other set. Correlation, principal component, and cluster analyses indicate that responses to binary mixtures are not linear combinations of responses to the component compounds. The first principal component indicated that neuronal units had either more excitatory or more inhibitory responses to all odorants than would be expected from a model where inhibitory and excitatory responses are randomly distributed among the neuronal units. When compared to the responses to the component odorants, synergistic responses to binary odors occurred more often than would be expected by chance. Clear inhibitory responses to binary odors were less prevalent. This study agrees with an earlier study employing aromatic odorants in that most of the aromatic odorants each had groups of receptor neurons that were relatively selective for it, and each odorant had a distinctly different number of receptor neurons selective for it. Among the octane derivatives, receptor neurons were selective for the level of oxidation of the functional group or its site of attachment, rather than specific compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192976
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The contribution of olfactory receptor neurons to the perception of pheromone component ratios in male redbanded leafroller moths (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 163 (1988), S. 641-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z-11, 14:AC) must be in a 100∶9 ratio with (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E-11,14:AC) to produce maximal wing fanning and attraction in male redbanded leafrollers. Earlier electrophysiological studies had indicated that mixtures of these pheromone components elicited responses from olfactory receptor neurons that appeared to differ from those expected on the basis of the responses to the individual components. Here we evaluate whether the behavioral sensitivity to particular ratios of Z- and E-11,14:AC has a correlate in the response properties of olfactory receptor neurons. The stimuli included the ratios of Z- and E-11, 14:AC used in earlier behavioral work plus several different mixtures of the seven components found in the pheromone blend, and equivalent amounts of the individual components. These stimuli were presented over a range of intensities to individual trichoid sensilla on the male antenna. In common with earlier results, the receptor neuron with the larger amplitude action potential responded most strongly to Z-11,14:AC, whereas the companion receptor neuron in the sensillum responded most strongly to E-11,14:AC. In contrast with earlier results, each receptor neuron responded exclusively to its own most effective stimulus, without regard to the presence of any other compound. They failed to respond uniquely to any of the other five compounds in the female pheromone blend, or to any of the tested combinations of these compounds. These minor components also failed to modulate the responses elicited in receptor neurons by appropriate ratios of Z- and E-11,14:AC. Thus, the responses of the two types of olfactory receptor neurons found in trichoid sensilla failed to show an optimum at the pheromone ratio known to elicit peak behavioral activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00603848
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Unknown
    R. Cotterrell, "The Sociology of Law: An Introduction" (Book Review) (1987)
    Dordrecht, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Crime, Law and Social Change. 11:1 (1987) 90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0925-4994
    Topics: Law
    Notes: Bookreviews
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:v533-1987-011-01-000010
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of supplemental light on growth, prolactin, progesterone and luteinizing hormone in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) (1989)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 33 (1989), S. 89-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Water buffalo ; Supplemental light ; Prolactin ; Progesterone ; LH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Fifty non-pregnant Surti buffalo heifers aged between 17 and 42 months (n=24, 〈24 months;n=26, 〉24 months) were randomly assigned to groups subject to either natural daylight +4h supplemental light (n=25) or natural day light (n=25), to study changes in growth, serum prolactin (Prl), progesterone (P4) and luteinizing hormone (LH) to supplemental lighting. Ambient temperatures (T) and relative humidity (RH) generally were 〉27° C and 〈70% during the day-time, respectively. Light-supplemented heifers had 16.2 kg net body weight (BW) gain at 9 weeks compared to 20.8 kg for controls, but higher mean Prl after 6.5 weeks (P〈0.01), and higher P4 (0.41 vs 0.19 ng/ml;P〈0.06) than control heifers. Older heifers had 39.7% greater BW (P〈0.01), but a net 4.3% BW gain compared to a 10.1% gain for younger heifers at 10 weeks. Older, light-supplemented heifers had higher mean P4 (0.63 vs 0.19 ng/ml;P〈0.07) than the other groups. These weight and hormonal changes suggest that 4 h supplemental light can alter growth and endocrine function in buffaloes under similar planes of nutrition. While light supplementation did not have a positive effect on body wieght during the 10 week study, body weight and endocrine changes due to supplemental light may be important factors for initiation of reproductive cyclicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01686284
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of $$\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)/\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)$$ using impact parameters and leptons (1994)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 61 (1994), S. 357-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A measurement of $$\Gamma _{b\bar b} /\Gamma _{had} \equiv \Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)/\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)$$ is presented using a “mixed tag” method involving the identification of $$Z^0 \to b\bar b$$ events by two different techniques. The first uses the large impact parameter of tracks emerging from the decay ofb-flavoured hadrons and the second their semi-leptonic decay. The identification efficiencies are measured from the data using all possible combinations of the two tags in opposite hemispheres. The method is therefore insensitive to Monte Carlo modelling of bottom quark production and ofb-flavoured hadron production and decay properties, and depends only weakly on the simulation of the detector. The data sample collected by OPAL at LEP in 1990 and 1991 is considered. The result is: $$\frac{{\Gamma _{b\bar b} }}{{\Gamma _{had} }} = 0.218 \pm 0.006(stat) \pm 0.007(syst) \pm 0.007(\Gamma _{c\bar c} /\Gamma _{had} ),$$ where the systematic uncertainty due to the charm quark partial width has been separated from the other systematic uncertainties. Combination with previous OPAL measurements gives: $$\frac{{\Gamma _{b\bar b} }}{{\Gamma _{had} }} = 0.220 \pm 0.004(stat) \pm 0.006(syst) \pm 0.006(\Gamma _{c\bar c} /\Gamma _{had} ),$$
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01413175
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The forward-backward asymmetry of $$e^ + e^ - \to b\bar b and e^ + e^ - \to c\bar c$$ using leptons in hadronicZ 0 decays (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 60 (1993), S. 19-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The forward-backward asymmetries of $$e^ + e^ - \to Z^0 \to b\bar b and e^ + e^ - \to Z^0 \to c\bar c$$ have been measured by the OPAL Collaboration using samples of hadronicZ 0 decays in which electron or muon candidates were observed. The asymmetries were measured simultaneously in a two parameter fit, which used the distributions of the track momentum and transverse momentum component with respect to the associated jet to distinguish lepton candidates from different sources. From a sample of 360 000 hadronic events with centre-of-mass energies within ±0.5 GeV of theZ 0 mass and mean energy 91.24. GeV, the values obtained for the $$b\bar b$$ asymmetry before and after correcting, for the effect of $$B^0 \overline {B^0 } $$ mixing, and for the $$c\bar c$$ asymmetry are, respectively: $$\begin{gathered} A_{FB}^{b,mix} = 0.070 \pm 0.014(stat) \pm 0.005(sys), \hfill \\ A_{FB}^b = 0.092 \pm 0.018(stat) \pm 0.007(sys) \hfill \\ \pm 0.003(mix), \hfill \\ A_{FB}^c = 0.014 \pm 0.030(stat) \pm 0.020(sys). \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ The measurement of the $$b\bar b$$ asymmetry is confirmed by a measurement using only leptons with high transverse momentum. This sample is highly enriched in semileptonic decays ofb hadrons. Measurements using high transverse momentum leptons were also performed using samples of events with centre-of-mass energies further from theZ 0 mass. After correcting for the effect of $$B^0 \overline {B^0 } $$ mixing, the results are: $$\begin{gathered} A_{FB}^b (\langle \sqrt s \rangle = 89.66GeV) \hfill \\ = 0.071 \pm 0.054(stat) \pm 0.007(sys) \pm 0.002(mix), \hfill \\ A_{FB}^b (\langle \sqrt s \rangle = 92.75GeV) \hfill \\ = 0.131 \pm 0.047(stat) \pm 0.012(sys) \pm 0.004(mix). \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01650428
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of $$B^0 - \bar B^0 $$ mixing, $${{\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)} {\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)}}$$ and semileptonic branching ratios forb-flavoured hadrons in hadronicZ 0 decays (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 60 (1993), S. 199-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract From a sample of about 450 000 hadronicZ 0 decays, measurements of the average $$B^0 - \bar B^0 $$ mixing parameter, χ, the branching fraction ofZ 0 bosons into hadrons containing bottom quarks, $${{\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)} {\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)}}$$ , the average semileptonic branching ratios for such hadrons,B(b→l) andB(b→c→l), and the mean scaled energy of these hadrons, 〈xE〉, are presented. The measurements were obtained using a simultaneous fit to single-lepton and dilepton events collected with the OPAL detector at LEP, including both electrons and muons. The results are where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively, in each case. The result forB)b→c→l) excludes decays of the typeb→→ℓ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01474616
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry of $$e^ + e^ - \to c\bar c$$ and $$e^ + e^ - \to b\bar b$$ at centre of mass energies on and near theZ 0 peak usingD *± mesons (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 60 (1993), S. 601-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A measurement is presented of the forwardbackward asymmetry of the processes $$e^ + e^ + \to c\bar c$$ and $$e^ + e^ + \to b\bar b$$ at centre of mass energies near 91 GeV. Decays of theZ 0 into charm and bottom quarks are identified using 6507 chargedD * mesons, reconstructed in the decaysD *±→D 0 π ±→(K ∓ π ±)π ±,D *±→D 0 π ±→(K ∓ π ± π 0)π ± andD *±→D 0 π ±→(K ∓ π ± π ∓ π ±)π ±. Thec quark asymmetry on theZ 0 peak is measured to be $$A_{FB}^c = 0.052 \pm 0.028(stat.) \pm 0.012(sys.).$$ The energy dependence of the asymmetry has been investigated at energies close to theZ 0 peak. Consistency with the predictions of the Standard Model is found. Combining these measurements with the determination of the asymmetries from semileptonic decays, the following results forb andc quarks are found $$\begin{gathered} A_{FB}^c = 0.032 \pm 0.021(stat.) \pm 0.015(sys.), \hfill \\ A_{FB}^b = 0.096 \pm 0.017(stat.) \pm 0.008(sys.), \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ with a correlation coefficient of +0.15.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01558389
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved measurements of the neutral current from hadron and lepton production at LEP (1994)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 61 (1994), S. 19-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present an update with increased statistics to our published analysis of hadronic and leptonic cross sections and of the leptonic forward-backward asymmetries ine + e − collisions. The published results were based on a total 454 000 hadronic and 58 000 leptonic events. This analysis adds 733 000 hadronic and 88 000 leptonic events recorded at theZ 0 peak in 1992 by the OPAL experiment at LEP. A model independent analysis ofZ 0 parameters based on an extension of the improved Born approximation leads to tests of lepton universality and gives an interpretation of the results within the Standard Model framework. We also present a model independent test for new physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01641883
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olfactory orientation responses by walking femaleIps paraconfusus bark beetles I. Chemotaxis assay (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 3-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Ips paraconfusus ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; bark beetles ; taxis ; chemotaxis ; orientation ; olfaction ; pheromones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Gas-liquid chromatography of the air within the arena developed for this assay showed that a concentration gradient was established within 1–2 min of applying the pheromone (ipsenol, ipsdienol,cis-verbenol), and that this gradient was nearly constant for 20–95 min after application. The concentration fell rapidly and approximately exponentially between the source and the center of the arena. Turning rate and the number of beetles that reached the source increased, and heading with respect to the source decreased, in the presence of pheromone. Responses of beetles that did and did not reach the source were significantly different, but within each group there were no significant differences among dosages. Turning rate and heading varied little with distance from the source, while walking rate decreased as distance from the release point of the beetles increased. We hypothesize that dosage exerts its major effect on source location by altering the probability that a beetle will enter into orientation behavior and that beetles orienting to sources have similar behaviors even when orienting to a wide range of dosages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02027770
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