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1

Digitale Medien

Emulsifier-free emulsion copolymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate. I.Part II of this series has been published in the Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Volume 26, Number 7, 1988 on page 1937. Kinetic studies in the absence of surfactant (1990)

Guillaume, J. L. ; Pichot, C. ; Guillot, J.

Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 28 (1990), S. 119-136

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ISSN: 0887-624X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Soapless emulsion copolymerization of styrene (S) and n-butyl acrylate (BuA) has been investigated using two types of initiator and different comonomer feed mixtures. When using K2S2O8 as initiator, the particle size and size distribution of the final latexes (500 nm and 1.003, respectively) is not significantly affected by the comonomer feed composition, whereas the molecular weight and surface characteristics were found to sharply change at high butyl acrylate content. Based on the most probable particle nucleation mechanism and type of chain termination in the monomer swollen particles, a tentative explanation of these results has been proposed. Replacing persulfate by a carboxylic initiator (4-4′-azobiscyanopentanoic acid) results in the formation of stable particles as α observed with the persulfate, provided the aqueous phase pH is fixed in between 6 and 7. Results on the initiator residue location as a function of the conversion point out that the particle flocculation mechanism is strongly significant in the preparation of such latexes.

Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1990.080280109

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2

Digitale Medien

Emulsifier-free emulsion copolymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate. III. Kinetic studies in the presence of a surface active comonomer, the sodium acrylamido undecanoate (1990)

Guillaume, J. L. ; Pichot, C. ; Guillot, J.

Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 28 (1990), S. 137-152

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ISSN: 0887-624X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Emulsion terpolymerization of styrene (S), butylacrylate (BuA) and sodium acrylamido undecanoate (AUNa), a surface active functional monomer have been carried out using a batch process in the presence of sodium 4-4′-azobiscyanopentanoate as initiator. Varying the AUNa concentration, stable particles bearing only carboxylic charges have been produced with diameters ranging from 200 to 500 nm at solids content as high as 40%. However a low AUNa yield at the particle surface has been found (30-35%), which could be explained by very unfavorable reactivity ratios of AUNa with S and BuA. Most of the AUNa seems to be wasted in the water phase (unpolymerized and forming hydrosoluble chains). Furthermore, a concentration of AUNa higher than 10-2 mol L-1 results in the latex destabilization, presumably caused by the formation of a large amount of polyelectrolytes. Kinetic studies of the AUNa consumption show that the AUNa is mainly fixed at the particle surface between 90 and 100% conversion, which indicates that the AUNa is mainly polymerized in the water phase and not at the particle surface. An attempt has been made to increase the surface charge density by polymerizing a shell of AUNa/S/BuA on a seed latex. It turned out to be unsuccessful (low surface yield, formation of new particles).

Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1990.080280110

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3

Digitale Medien

A comparison of methods for the estimation of polymer/monomer interaction parameters: The polystyrene/n-butyl methacrylate system methacrylate system (1994)

Durant, Yvon G. ; Sundberg, Donald C. ; Guillot, J.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 1823-1832

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ISSN: 0021-8995

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: To measure the polymer/monomer interaction parameter as a function of composition, a set of partially cross-linked synthetic latices has been produced by batch and semicontinuous emulsion polymerization. The degrees of cross-linking have been measured by DMA and also predicted by computer simulation based on kinetic data. With equilibrium monomer swelling experiments achieved on films made from these polymers, two curves of the interaction parameter vs. the polymer fraction have been computed. These curves compare favorably with a theoretical model based on a Unifac procedure for the estimation of monomer activity. Two different data bases, liquid-liquid and liquid-vapor equilibria, have been used in the Unifac model. For the polystyrene/n-butyl methacrylate system, a linear relationship found between the interaction parameter and composition is both predicted and measured experimentally. In all cases, this interaction parameter is found to increase with polymer concentration. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070521217

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4

Digitale Medien

Determination of interfacial tensions for latex particles (1994)

Durant, Yvon G. ; Sundberg, Donald C. ; Guillot, J.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 53 (1994), S. 1469-1476

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ISSN: 0021-8995

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: The possibility of measuring in situ the interfacial tension at the monomer-swollen polymer-water interface of synthetic latices is considered in detail. Experimental measurements of certain liquid or vapor phase properties of the latex can, in principle, yield values of the desired interfacial tension. This technique requires the evaluation and comparison of the Flory-Huggins term and the Morton term of the thermodynamic expression for the chemical potential of the monomer in the latex particle. While each term can be evaluated, it turns out that the relative magnitudes of the two terms are such that unrealistically high precision is required in the experimental measurements for this technique to be useful for obtaining reasonably accurate interfacial tensions. At saturated swelling conditions with highly surface-active emulsifiers (e.g., sodium dodecyl sulfate), the interfacial tension values obtained have a precision of only about ±50%. The reliability of these approximate values degrades rapidly as one moves away from saturation conditions, so as to render in situ experimental techniques inappropriate for gaining accurate knowledge about the surface energy at the latex particle-water interface at any monomer-polymer ratio. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070531109

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5

Digitale Medien

A thermodynamic approach for emulsion copolymerization (1980)

Guillot, J.

Basel : Wiley-Blackwell

Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 1 (1980), S. 697-702

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ISSN: 0173-2803

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik

Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1980.030011108

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6

Digitale Medien

Kinetics and thermodynamic aspects of emulsion copolymerization. Acrylonitrile-styrene copolymerizationLecture on the 2nd International Microsymposium on “Emulsion Polymerization”, Oktober 20-22, 1980, in Leipzig/GDR (1981)

Guillot, J.

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Acta Polymerica 32 (1981), S. 593-600

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ISSN: 0323-7648

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Die Emulsionscopolymerisation von Acrylnitril und Styren wird unter kinetischen und thermodynamischen Gesichtspunkten betrachtet. Die Copolymerisation erwies sich als ein sehr brauchbares Mittel zur Untersuchung des Mechanismus der Emulsionspolymerisation. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß zumindest bei der Acrylnitril-Styren-Copolymerisation Hauptort der Polymerisation die mit Monomer gequollenen Polymerteilchen sind. Der Thermodynamik bietet eine geeignete Basis zur Prozeßkontrolle der Emulsionscopolymerisation, um Copolymere mit vorherbestimmter Zusammensetzung und Teilchengröße zu erhalten.

Notizen: Emulsion copolymerization of acrylonitrile and styrene is considered from the kinetic and thermodynamic point of view. Copolymerization proved a very useful tool for investigating emulsion polymerization mechanism. It is shown that, at least for AN/S copolymerization, the main site for polymerization is the monomer swollen polymer particle. Thermodynamics is an appropriated base for the process control of emulsion copolymerization to prepare copolymers of controlled composition and particle size.

Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1981.010321002

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