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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the performance characteristics of a thermal transient anemometer (1993)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 15 (1993), S. 10-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes and evaluates a thermal transient anemometer, a novel fluid flow (mass flux) measuring device having a thermocouple probe which is utilized to measure the change in temperature over a period of time to provide a measure of fluid flow velocity. The thermocouple probe (sensor) is periodically heated by the application of an electrical pulse and its rate of cooling between pulses is related to the local mean flow velocity. The theory of operation, device description, comparison with other similar fluid flow devices, and laboratory tests including measurements under different turbulence levels and different fluid temperatures are presented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195590
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth inhibition of hybridoma cells by ammonium ion: correlation with effects on intracellular pH (1990)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 6 (1990), S. 49-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of NH4Cl addition on intracellular pH (pH i ) was determined by flow cytometric measurements of the fluorescence of a pH-sensitive dye. The effects of NH4Cl on growth were determined for batch growth of cells in flasks in an incubator. The addition of NH4Cl caused a cytoplasmic acidification. A new lower steady-state value of pH i was attained within 20–40 min of NH4Cl addition. A correlation was found between the effects of NH4Cl on growth and on pH i : whereas 3 mM NH4Cl had little effect on growth and on pH i , 10 mM NH4Cl caused a substantial growth inhibition and a pH i decrease of 0.2–0.3 units. The effects of NH4Cl on growth and on pH i were found to be independent of the external pH value (pH e over the range 6.8 to 7.6, except that 10 mM NH4Cl was more toxic at pH e 7.6. The addition of NH4Cl caused an increase in the average cell volume at pH e 7.6, but had no effect on the average cell volume at pH e 's 6.8 and 7.2. For comparison, the effects of pH e alone on growth and on pH i were determined. There was little difference in cell growth at pH e 's 6.8, 7.2 and 7.6. At pH e 6.6, there was a substantial growth inhibition. Some measurements of the effects of pH e on pH i were made, although the steady-state value of pH i as a function of pH e was not determined due to limitations in the pH i -measuring technique. These measurements showed that pH i remained constant from pH e 7.6 to 6.8, but fell by 0.2 units at pH e 6.6, in agreement with the growth results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369278
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of dissolved oxygen concentration on growth, mitochondrial function and antibody production of hybridoma cells in batch culture (1990)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 5 (1990), S. 263-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of dissolved oxygen concentration on hybridoma cell growth, metabolism, and antibody production were studied. A mouse hybridoma cell line producing an IgG1 directed at a consensus α-interferon was grown in batch cultures in a 5 dm3 stirred bioreactor at dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of 5, 30, 90 and 95% or air saturation. High oxygen tension (95% of air saturation) reduced specific growth rate without affecting cell viability. At lower dissolved oxygen levels, specific growth rates were approximately independent of DO, although changes in mitochondrial function and antibody production were observed. Flow cytometry assays of a fluorescent mitochondria-specific marker (Rhodamine 123) show significant single-cell heterogeneities during late exponential growth and greater average fluorescence in cultures grown at 95% DO. The quantity of cell-surface immunoglobulin, measured by an immunofluorescent flow cytometric technique, was the same at high (95%) and low (5%) dissolved oxygen concentrations. Myeloma cells of the type used in constructing the above hybridoma line were much less sensitive to dissolved oxygen level. Specific respiration rate, pyruvate utilization rate, cytochrome oxidase activity, and succinate-cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity were significantly greater (62–116%) for the hybridoma cells than for the myeloma cells in T-flask cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369376
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transition Metal Gettering in Poly-Silicon for Photovoltaic Applications (Abstract) (1993)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 32-33 (Dec. 1993), p. 141-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/25/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.32-33.141.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strategies and Challenges in Metabolic Engineering (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 589 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb24230.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronology and evolution of the northern Iceland Plateau (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 8 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: New aeromagnetic data, K-Ar age determinations of dredged marine igneous rocks, as well as other geophysical evidence have shed light on the chronology, nature and evolution of the northern Iceland Plateau. Correspondence between seismic refraction profiles taken on the Jan Mayen Ridge and westward through Jan Mayen Island, suppressed aeromagnetic anomalies, earthquake surface wave studies, and ages of dredged igneous rocks suggest these strata may form an extended region of thickened crust, possibly of Caledonian age, extending westward toward the Kolbeinsey Ridge and northwest to the south wall of the Jan Mayen Fracture Zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.1990.tb00386.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hemibiotrophic infection of Pisum sativum by Colletotrichum truncatum (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 42 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The infection of pea (Pisum sativum) by Colletotrichum truncatum was studied by light and electron microscopy. These investigations were facilitated by use of an Argenteum pea mutant, which has a readily detachable epidermis. Infection pegs emerging from appressoria penetrated epidermal cells directly. Large intracellular primary hyphae formed a dense stromatic mycelium confined within a single epidermal cell. Primary mycelia gave rise to thinner secondary hyphae which radiated into surrounding cells and caused extensive wall dissolution. Melanized sclerotia developed in the centre of chlorotic water-soaked lesions. Acervuli were not observed. Epidermal cells survived initial penetration by primary hyphae, as shown by their ability to plasmolyse and accumulate Neutral red, but all infected cells were dead when the secondary hyphae had formed. Six cultivars of pea were susceptible, but seven other legumes were resistant. A single isoform of polygalacturonase with a pI of 8·3 and apparent Mr of 40000 was purified from culture filtrates and the TV-terminal amino acid sequence determined. The relevance of the results to the taxonomy of C. truncatum and the relationships between infection process and host range are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1993.tb01564.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An in-vitro growth system for studying the parasitism of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) by Striga gesnerioides (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 31 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An in-vitro growth system for investigating the behaviour of S. gesnerioides on cowpea has been developed. The roots of young cowpea plants were spread over glass fibre filter paper in a shallow plastic tray, and a known number of germinated Striga seeds were placed on the cowpea root surface. This allowed the infection process of the parasite to be quantified. Good access to the host-parasite association enabled the entire infection process to be easily monitored and tissue removed for cytological studies. Observations revealed for the first time that contact of S. gesnerioides radicles with host roots stimulated the development of radicular hairs and swelling of the tip of these radicles. Furthermore, penetration of cowpea roots by Striga was shown to be localized and to cause very little damage to the host roots. Swollen parasite tubercles developed on the surface of the roots only after the host stele had been penetrated by invading Striga cells. This growth system is suitable for in-vestigating the mechanisms of host resistance. and also for rapidly screening cowpea germplasm for new sources of resistance to the Parasite. Resistant cowpea cultivars offer the best potential solution for control of this Parasite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1991.tb01760.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ICF target diagnostics on PBFA II (invited) : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4828-4833 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator II is a light-ion fusion accelerator that is presently capable of irradiating a 6-mm-diam sphere with ∼50 kJ of 5.5-MeV protons in ∼15 ns. An array of particle and x-ray diagnostics fielded on proton Inertial Confinement Fusion target experiments quantifies the incident particle beam and the subsequent target response. An overview of the ion and target diagnostic setup and capabilities will be given in the context of recent proton beam experiments aimed at studying soft x-ray emission from foam-filled targets and the hydrodynamic response of exploding-pusher targets. Ion beam diagnostics indicate ∼100 kJ of proton beam energy incident within a 1.2-cm radius of the center of the diode with an azimuthal uniformity which varied between 6% and 29%. Foam-filled target temperatures of 35 eV and closure velocities of 4 cm/μs were measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143574
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Range and straggling effects on CR-39/range-filter ion energy measurements : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4895-4897 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The CR-39/range-filter technique measures ion energy by determining the maximum filter thickness which ions can penetrate. CR-39 located behind the filter records the ions. This method is used to measure peak voltage in pulsed power accelerators. We investigated range and straggling effects in this diagnostic by exposing it to 8- and 15-MeV protons for both Al and Ta filters. The range agreed with published values to better than ±6%. The range straggling decreased for higher incident ion energy and lower atomic number, as expected, although there were differences up to a factor of 1.7 between the experimental values and predictions. The dependence of the track diameter distribution on ion energy enabled us to establish a signature which is characteristic of ions which penetrate a filter, via straggling. These results can be used to evaluate the errors present when this diagnostic is used to measure accelerator voltage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143543
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