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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 17 (1990), S. 62-78 
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Cation diffusion processes have been studied in single crystals of intermediate plagioclase and albite composition by tracer-diffusion experiments and optical absorption spectroscopy. Tracer-diffusivities were determined by the residual activity method, using the radioactive isotopes 22Na, 45Ca and 59Fe. In most cases, diffusion experiments were performed at 1 bar, at controlled oxygen activity and at temperatures between 750 and 1300°C. The obtained Na-diffusivities for plagioclases were much smaller then previously determined for albite. This indicates a strong composition dependence of Na-diffusion. In contrast, Ca-diffusivity in albite does not differ very much from that in intermediate plagioclases. The relative diffusivities determined for plagioclase of composition An62 at 1200° C (CO/CO2 =50∶50) were D infNa sup* ∶D infFe sup* ∶D infCa sup* =5000∶10∶1. Despite the an isotropic structure of feldspars, no difference was found for Na-and Ca-diffusion normal to (001) and normal to (010). Water pressure of 2 kbar has no influence on the Na-diffusivity. In contrast to the Ca-diffusion, a dependence on oxyggen activity was found for Na-and Fe-diffusion. Fe-diffusivity increases with decreasing oxygen activity. This can be correlated to changes in oxidation state of iron dissolved in the plagioclases. Optical absorption spectroscopy shows that iron is oxidized in the plagioclases by annealing in air. This effect can be reversed by annealing at reducing conditions. A model is proposed to explain the oxidation of iron by a chemical diffusion process in which A-vacancies are formed by out-diffusion of Na+. Preannealing of samples in air gives a temperature independent decrease of Na-diffusivity by a factor of about 2.5. This effect is explained with help of a simple disorder model for A-cations in ternary feldspars. It is concluded that Na+ diffuses via interstitials and that the A-vacancy concentration in the plagioclases is controlled extrinsically, probably by dissolved SiO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 337 (1990), S. 169-173 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.40.−s
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the decay of22Na theEC/β + ratio for theβ-transition to the 1275 keV-level was measured to beEC/β +=0.1050 (29). Single and coincidence counting was performed using a 16% Ge(Li) and an NaI well-type detector. For65Zn theK/β + ratio for the ground state transitionK 1/β +=30.3 (10) was obtained using the same apparatus and in addition a 10 mm diam. × 5.4 mm Si(Li) detector. The results are compared with earlier experiments and with theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 346 (1993), S. 25-33 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.40-S ; 21.60.Cs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The shapefactor, the logft-value, the electron longitudinal polarization and the distribution of electrons emitted from oriented nuclei of36Cl have been calculated by applying two different nuclear models. Firstly a pure 1d3/2→1d3/2 transition has been considered. Secondly a more refined shell model of thes-d shell configuration space has been taken into account. It is shown that there is no great influence of the shell model version to the observables, that the observables depend strongly on the relativistic nuclear matrix elements, that the so-called “two parameter equation” for the shapefactor cannot be used in the case of36Cl and that there is no larger sensitivity of (V+A) admixtures to the electron longitudinal polarization than normally found in allowed decays. Comparisons with the existing experimental data are made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32.30.Jc ; 32.50. + d ; 35.10.Fk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser-Induced Fluorescence Line Narrowing (LIFLN) measurements of hyperfine structure splittings performed on the cobalt I transition sequence3d 84s a 2 P 1/2→3d 74s4p z 24D 3/2 0 →3d 84s b 4 F 3/2are presented. The hyperfine coupling constants of theb 4 F 3/2 level were determined to beA = 302.8(1.9) MHz andB = − 81.6(18.2) MHz and are compared with results of both experimental and theoretical studies reported by other authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.60.−n ; 23.40.−s ; 25.30.−c
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A set of phenomenological wave functions has been derived to describe the14N ground state and the isospin triplet consisting of the14C ground state, the first excited state of14N at 2.313 MeV and the14O ground state. Elastic and inelastic electron scattering form factors, the magnetic moment of the14N ground state and the shape factors in theβ ± decay have been employed in a multiparameter fitting procedure to determine the amplitudes of the wave functions inL-S coupling. The inclusion of the beta decay observables in the fit has become possible for the first time since exact formulas for the shape factor in higher order do exist. The set of wave functions deduced exhibit predominately anL=0 contribution for the 0+; 1 states andL=1 and 2 contributions of nearly equal weight for the 1+; 0 state. It was observed that the inclusion of the shape factors allowed a more stringent determination of the amplitudes compared to previous attempts reported in the literature and led in the case of the 0+; 1 states to wave functions that show a small but noticeable difference within the isospin triplet. Besides the observables used for the fit, the radiative widthΓ γ (M1) of the 2.313 MeV state in14N can be described quite well with the derived wave functions, and in addition it has become possible to predict the pathological largeft − value of the14C decay and theft + value of the14O decay precisely. The wave functions are also applied to calculate the14N(γ,π +) cross section.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 350 (1994), S. 29-37 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.40.−s
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The shape factor and the electron longitudinal polarization of RaE have been calculated under the assumption of (V+A)-,S-,T-interaction admixtures. In addition the influence of a time reversal invariance violation has been considered. It is shown that the effect of (V+A) admixtures on the electron longitudinal polarization is enhanced by two orders of magnitude compared to the case of allowed transitions. Such an effect is also observed for the shape factor. It is also demonstrated that a time reversal invariance violation also affects the observables mentioned above.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 23 (1992), S. 151-153 
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 35.10.F ; 32.50 ; 32.20.J
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The TaI line 6356.14 Å, up to now classified as the transition 5d 36s 2 a 4 P 5/2−5d 36s(a 5 F)6p z 4 F 7 2/0 , is a blend with a second transition, which is related to the additional levels 5d 4(b 3 G)6s a 4 G 9/2−39641.24 cm−1 J=7/2°. Using laser excitation with optogalvanic and laser-induced fluorescence detection, the hyperfine constants of the four levels involved and the distance of the center wavelengths of the two fine structure transitions could be determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 42 (1991), S. 144-149 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In the amorphous phase of PVC exists an orientation correlation between neighbouring molecular segments, which disappears under the influence a plastisizer. At extraction of the plastisizer with n-heptan these correlations don't reappear, in contrast to extraction with ether. The extraction with n-heptan leads to a PVC with a low density of 1.24 g · cm-3. Measurements of the specific heat show an extremely high peak below Tg, comparable with the melting peak of a crystalline phase. The diffusion and extraction of the plastisizer and the influence of annealing were studied by small angle X-ray scattering. The results of measurements of the specific heat, wide angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopic studies are in accordance with the above concept.
    Notes: In der amorphen Phase des PVC bestehen zwischen benachbarten Kettensegmenten Richtungskorrelationen, die unter dem Einfluß von Weichmachern weitgehend aufgehoben werden. Bei Extraktion des Weichmachers mit n-Heptan stellen sich diese Richtungskorrelationen im Gegensatz zur Extraktion mit Ether zunächst nicht wieder ein. Die Folge der Extraktion mit n-Heptan ist eine extrem niedrige Dichte des PVC von 1,24 g · cm-3. Messungen der spezifischen Wärme an solchen Proben zeigen kurz unterhalb Tg einen extrem starken Peak, der mit Schmelzpeaks einer kristallinen Phase vergleichbar ist. Die Diffusion und Extraktion des Weichmachers und der Einfluß nachträglicher Temperung wurden mit Hilfe der Röntgenkleinwinkelstreuung verfolgt. Messungen der spezifischen Wärme, der Röntgenweitwinkelstreuung und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen bestätigen die Vorstellungen.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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