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  • 1990-1994  (24)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 116 (1994), S. 8138-8145 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The development of intestinal lipid absorption capacities was studied in larvae of the sea bassDicentrarchus labrax from the time of mouth opening to 25 d after hatching, in individuals fed with brine shrimp,Artemia sp. (Brazil commercial strain) or artificial diets. At the time of mouth opening, before the first feed, enterocytes synthesized lipoprotein particles from endogenous lipids. Starting with the first feed, enterocytes absorbed food lipids regardless of the diet, but since these cells have a low capacity for lipoprotein synthesis, they accumulated lipids in the form of “free” lipid droplets. In larvae fed withArtemia sp., the rapid development of enterocytes during growth was combined with increasingly effective lipoprotein synthesis (becoming even greater than that observed in the adult), starting on Days 18 to 19. Although lipoprotein synthesis and transport were observed in larvae given artificial feed, they showed abnormalities in their intestinal mucosa. Lipid droplets formed in association with the membrane structures of specimens given egg yolk during the first days of feeding, and enterocytes degenerated. In 18 to 19 d-old larvae given artificial feed, intestinal folds disappeared and the constituent cells showed limited differentiation. In the last-mentioned individuals, the abnormalities appeared to be related to malnutrition resulting from inadequacy of the food offered, which led to total mortality of larvae, beginning on Day 20.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Larvae of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata) were transferred to normal or glucose-enriched sea water immediately after mouth opening to assess their ability to absorb and assimilate glucose at the beginning of the larval period. Assimilation was monitored by histological and cytochemical analysis of the liver. The results showed that (1) the larvae of both species regularly ingested water, (2) glucose absorption resulted in glycogen accumulation in the hepatocytes (this was more marked in sea bass than in sea bream), and (3) glucose delayed the pathological effects of fasting. Consideration of metabolic derivatives indicates that hepatic glycogen probably arises from neoglucogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Absorption of proteins by pinocytosis was studied in the postvalvular intestine of larvae of the sea bassDicentrarchus labrax during transition to the exotrophic phase. Comparison of specimens ranging in age from 4 or 5 d (age of mouth opening) to 25 d (period of strictly exotrophic feeding) made it possible to determine the morphofunctional development of enterocytes when fish are fed onArtemia sp. (Brazil strain). The pinocytotic activity of enterocytes was weak at the time of mouth opening, but intensified rapidly. After the first feed (7 to 8 d), enterocytes were capable of absorbing proteins, since they actively incorporated ferritin. At the age of 18 to 19 d, they showed a strong capacity for absorption resulting in the formation of a large supranuclear vacuole by the age of 25 d. Examination of the intestine of larvae fed artificially showed that enterocytes developed little until 18 to 19 d of age, but the presence of supranuclear vacuoles in the cytoplasm nevertheless indicated a capacity for absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 151-154 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Antidiabetic drugs ; drug utilization ; health care systems ; Spain ; DDD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The consumption of antidiabetic drugs in a Spanish region (Extremadura) in the period 1986–1987 has been investigated by the “defined daily dose” (DDD) method. The study was done in three health care systems in the region: civil servants (“Mutualidad de Funcionarios Civiles del Estado: MUFACE”) armed forces group (“Instituto Social de las Fuerzas Armadas: ISFAS”) and the national system (“Instituto Nacional de la Salud: INSALUD”). The total consumption of antidiabetic drugs varied three-fold, ranging from 5,73 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (3,71 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day for oral antidiabetic drugs and 2,02 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day for insulin) in the civil servant group to 15,82 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (12 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day for oral antidiabetic drugs and 3,82 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day for insulins) in the armed forces. The differences were more pronounced for oral antidiabetics than for insulins. The utilization of insulin among the civil servants was about half of that by the two other groups. Of oral antidiabetics, sulphonylureas were the most frequently used by the three groups, and within them glibenclamide accounted for more than half of the DDDs, while biguanides were scarcely used in any group. The differences are difficult to assess, since they could be due to several factors, such as age-differences in the population studied, different prescribing habits, and differences in sociocultural level. The results justify further comparative studies of drug utilization in different health systems within the same region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: An intronless DNA encoding the guinea pig H1 receptor was cloned from a genomic library using probes derived from the bovine H1 receptor. It encodes a protein of 488 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 55,619 daltons compared with a size of 56–68 kDa for the photoaffinity-labeled receptor as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. The protein displays a 66% homology with the bovine receptor. Stable expression of the H1 receptor, characterized by the appearance of [3H]mepyramine binding sites with a pharmacology similar to that of the native H1 receptor, was obtained following transfection of Chinese hamster ovary cells. Southern blot analysis, using a variety of restriction enzymes, did not provide any evidence of multiple H1 isoreceptors. Northern blot analysis of a variety of guinea pig peripheral or cerebral tissues identified, in most cases, a single transcript of 3.3 kb, but also, in some tissues, a second transcript of 3.7 kb, possibly generated by the use of different promoter or polyadenylation sites or corresponding to a transcript from a distinct gene. In situ hybridization studies showed the highly contrasted cerebral expression of H1-receptor gene transcripts, which was compared with autoradiographic receptor localization. This allowed the identification of some major cell populations expressing the H1 receptor, e.g., Purkinje cells in cerebellum or pyramidal cells in the hippocampal complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 2260-2262 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a theoretical model that accurately describes the effects of minority carrier leakage from the InGaAsP waveguide into InGaP cladding layers in high-power aluminum-free 0.8 μm InGaAsP/InGaP/GaAs separate confinement heterostructure lasers. Current leakage due to the relatively low band-gap discontinuity between the active region and the InGaP barrier can be eliminated by employing laser diodes with cavity length longer than 500 μm. Experimental results for lasers grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition are in excellent agreement with the theoretical model. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6470-6472 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the Fe/Au, Ag, Pt, and Al(001) single interfaces by means of an empirical tight-binding Hamiltonian within the Green's function matching formalism. The method is exact and describes equally interface states and bulk resonances. The evolution of the layer density of states indicates a rearrangement of the electronic density at the interface in form of spin polarization of the nonmagnetic layers. The induced magnetic moments in the nonmagnetic layers are only appreciable in Pt and Al, while variations of the interface Fe magnetization are predicted for all the systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 6 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using in situ hybridization histochemistry in rat nucleus accumbens, we show that the dopamine D3 receptor mRNA is expressed in the ventromedial part of the shell subdivision, where its gross distribution matches that of neurotensin mRNA. In addition, hybridization studies at the cellullar level show that a large fraction of the neurotensin neurons co-express the D3 receptor mRNA in this restricted area. In contrast, the dopamine D2 receptor mRNA is expressed mainly in the core and marginally in the shell, at the level of the cone. In rats treated by haloperidol and sulpiride, two D2-like receptor antagonists, but not by SCH 23390, a D1-like receptor antagonist, proneurotensin mRNA was increased in the D2 receptor mRNA-rich areas but decreased in the D3 receptor mRNA-rich areas. This suggests that the D2 and D3 receptors control neurotensin mRNA expression negatively and positively, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 46 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A double-blind, randomised study was conducted to examine the efficacy of a single bolus dose of esmolol in treating surgically-induced tachycardia. Anaesthetic technique was identical in all patients, and consisted of premedication with midazolam and glycopyrronium, induction with thiopentone followed by suxamethonium, tracheal intubation, and maintenance with isoflurane 0.6% (end-tidal) and60% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Forty-eight patients developed a heart rate of greater than 95 beats/minute or 20% more than pre-induction values at an average time of 34 minutes after tracheal intubation and received placebo (15 patients), esmolol 50 mg (16 patients), or esmolol 100 mg (17 patients). Controlled intervention was instituted if heart rate or blood pressure was not adequate. Both 50 and 100 mg of esmolol resulted in lower heart rates compared to placebo (p 〈 0.05), with no difference between the two esmolol groups (p 〉 0.05). Patients who received placebo had more episodes of medical intervention than those given esmolol (p 〈 0.05). No adverse effects occurred in any patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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