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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reordering in the β-Phase of Cu-Zn-Al Shape Memory Alloys (1991)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 56-58 (Jan. 1991), p. 481-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/17/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.56-58.481.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural characterization of a CuO/MgO artificially superstructured film by the x-ray diffraction method (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1952-1955 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A CuO/MgO epitaxial artificially superstructured film [CuO(50 A(ring))/MgO(40 A(ring))]40 was successfully grown and its structure was studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The film was found to have a texture in which the (111) planes of monoclinic CuO and the (001) planes of cubic MgO were layered perpendicular to the film plane. Its lateral structure was revealed by precession photographs where the CuO [101¯] axis is oriented approximately along the MgO [100] axis in the film plane. The XRD pattern, observed over a wide range of scattering vectors perpendicular to the film plane, was carefully analyzed by an extended step model. The fluctuation of the superlattice period was estimated to be as small as 1 A(ring).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356343
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of fine crystalline Fe–P–C–Cu–X alloys : The 5th Joint MMM−Intermag Conference (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 6241-6243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The crystallization process and magnetic properties of Fe–P–C–Cu–Ge–Si amorphous alloys were investigated. After annealing above the crystallization temperature, the bcc Fe particles, with nanoscale grain size, precipitated in the amorphous alloy for a wide P concentration range. The volume ratio of the bcc Fe phase to amorphous was about 30%. The mixed phase of these alloys shows a drastic decrease of coercive force (Hc) and particle diameter (d) as P concentration increases. The lowest Hc was obtained for Fe78P16C2Cu0.5Ge3Si0.5, and Hc and d were 1.8 A/m and 16 nm, respectively. Observation by in situ Lorentz scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the width of magnetic domains were 0.01 or 0.1 mm and the domain walls with smaller bcc Fe particles moved in a weaker magnetic field than those with larger ones. So the low Hc is attributed to the decrease of magnetocrystalline anisotropy caused by fine structures. The core loss of fine crystalline Fe–P–C–Cu–Si–Mo alloy, W14/50, was 0.22 W/kg after annealing under a magnetic field of 2.4 kA/m.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350008
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of an imaging plate to high-pressure x-ray study with a diamond anvil cell (invited) : Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 967-973 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In order to obtain reliable data on d values and integrated intensities, an imaging plate (IP) has been applied to high-pressure diffraction experiments with a diamond anvil cell using synchrotron radiation. The IP was found to be more effective than a conventional x-ray film by a factor of 30, and more effective than an energy dispersive method by several times. In order to integrate the intensity data on the IP, a histogram method was successfully developed. This combination proved to give a lattice constant with relative accuracy of 2×10−4, and observed integrated intensities which excellently agree with calculated ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143793
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supermodulus effect in a Au/Ni superlattice studied by a diamond anvil cell and SR x ray : Proceedings of the 4th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 1035-1038 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Elastic and thermal properties of Au/Ni superlattices have been investigated by x-ray diffraction on a synchrotron radiation source at the Photon Factory. An elastic response of [Au(10 A(ring))/Ni(10 A(ring))]50 to hydrostatic pressure generated by a diamond anvil cell has been measured in the layer-stacking direction. Its compressibility obtained from the pressure dependence of its superlattice period (Λ vs P) shows an anomalously small value compared with either bulk Au or Ni metal. Linear thermal expansions has also been measured by a similar method (Λ vs T). A significant anisotropic behavior between the layer-stacking and in-plane direction was found in both [Au(10 A(ring))/Ni(10 A(ring))]50 and [Au(4 A(ring))/Ni(4 A(ring))]210.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143192
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extremely-low-threshold and high-temperature operation in a photopumped ZnSe/ZnSSe blue laser (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 1401-1403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A ZnSe/ZnSSe blue semiconductor laser was demonstrated to show very low threshold by direct photopumping of the ZnSe active layer. The lowest threshold at the excitation wavelength of 445 nm was 10 kW/cm2 at 300 K which is equivalent to the current density of 3.6 kA/cm2. This is the lowest threshold ever reported in II-VI photopumped lasers and is approaching the theoretically calculated threshold. The characteristic temperature of the threshold, which characterizes the temperature dependence of the threshold in the exponential form, was 124 K up to the measured 400 K and was comparable to III-V double-heterostructure lasers. The differential quantum efficiency remained the similar level up to 400 K and its decrease observed at 400 K was within 23% of the efficiency at 300 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105319
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Augmentation of various immune reactivities of tumor-bearing hosts with an extract ofCordyceps sinensis (1990)
    Springer
    Biotherapy 2 (1990), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8280
    Keywords: anti-tumor immunity ; macrophage chemotaxis ; Cordyceps extract ; EL-4
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to enhance general reactivity of immune system in the tumor-bearing host, we employed extract ofCordyceps sinensis (CSE) as a biological response modifier.Cordyceps sinensis is an interesting material produced by a kind of mushroom parasitic to larval moths and was used to hasten recovery from exhaustion in ancient China. In this experiment, C57BL/6 mice implanted subcutaneously with syngeneic EL-4 lymphoma cells were employed as the host. Oral administration of the extract leads to a reduction of tumor size and prolongation of the host survival time. As judged by plaque-forming cells against T-dependent (sheep erythrocytes) and T-independent (bacterial lipopolysaccharide) antigens, CSE showed to augment the antibody responses. As for the activities of peritoneal macrophages, chemotaxis was dramatically depressed within a few days after EL-4 transplantation up to the end of life, but treatment with CSE at −14, −7, −4, +4, +7 and +10 days after the tumor transplantation augmented the activity about four times stronger than that of control. Phagocytic activity of macrophages was also decreased in tumor-bearing mice treated with cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg) 3 and 5 days after tumor transplantation. But administration of CSE restored the activity to more than the normal level. The overall efficacy of CSE was tested with protective activity against systemic infection bySalmonella enteritides. The tumor-bearing mice receiving this medicine lived significantly longer than any other groups without CSE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02173520
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray microanalysis of rat mast cells stimulated with compound 48/80 in combination with quick-freezing method (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 425 (1994), S. 435-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Mast cell ; Quick-freezing ; Compound 48/80 ; X-ray microanalysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract X-ray microanalysis was performed on rat mast cells prepared by quick-freezing, cryosectioning and freeze-drying (QF-FD) method, or quick-freezing and freeze-substitution (QF-FS) method. Peritoneal cells including mast cells were stimulated with compound 48/80 for 0, 10 or 30 s at 17° C, and the mast cells stimulated for 30 s started exocytosis. In X-ray spectra of the QF-FD specimen, mast cells stimulated for 10 s increased their levels of phosphorus, sodium and chlorine in the intergranular cytoplasm prior to exocytosis, and kept this increase until 30 s after stimulation. In the QF-FS specimen, where soluble elements were removed, peaks of phosphorus, sulphur and potassium could be detected as elements in X-ray spectra. Phosphorus increased and potassium decreased in intergranular cytoplasm of mast cells stimulated for 10 s, and these changes became more obvious after 30 s. However, supplemental increase of other cations such as sodium could not be detected in the QF-FS specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189582
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicriterion optimization using interval analysis (1990)
    Springer
    Computing 44 (1990), S. 47-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: 65G10 ; 65K10 ; Interval analysis ; multicriterion optimization ; multiobjective optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei der Bestimmung des globalen Optimums werden in der Vektoroptimierung intervallanalytische Methoden angewendet. Hier diskutieren wir Optimierungsprobleme, bei denen mehrere Zielfunktionen in Konfliktsituationen optimiert werden müssen.
    Notes: Abstract Interval Analysis methods have been applied for obtaining the global optimum of the multimodal multivariable functions. We discuss here the multicriterion optimization problem, where several objective functions must be optimized in conflicting situations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247964
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new mouse model for autoimmune orchitis (1991)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 180 (1991), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) was induced in SMA mice (H-2nondefined) by repeated injection at intervals of 30 days of syngeneic testis homogenate (TH) together with Klebsiella O3 lipopolysaccharide (KO3 LPS) as a potent adjuvant. EAO was not induced by repeated injection of TH alone or KO3 LPS alone. At 10 days after the secondary injection of TH + KO3 LPS, there was marked infiltration with neutrophils in the seminiferous tubules and in the interstitium of the testis accompanied by destruction of the architecture of the seminiferous tubules and hypospermatogenesis. At 20 days after the secondary injection, infiltration with neutrophils in these areas had been replaced mostly by mononuclear cells (lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages). Histopathological changes of the testes became severer by further injections until the 10th injection. The EAO lesions in the terminal stage were characterized by complete destruction of the tubular architecture of the testis, fibrosis, and aspermatogenesis. Lesions in the terminal stage were not restored at all. Spermagglutinating antibody titers in the serum increased and delayed-type hypersensitivity against TH estimated by footpad swelling developed in mice injected repeatedly with TH + KO3 LPS. Using immunofluorescence, antibodies against acrosomal components and tail components of the spermatozoa were detected in serum of these mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191695
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