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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Argyrophilic ubiquitinated cytoplasmic inclusions of Leu-7-positive glial cells in olivopontocerebellar atrophy (multiple system atrophy) (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 488-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Olivopontocerebellar atrophy ; Oligodendroglia ; Argyrophilic inclusion ; Ubiquitin ; Leu-7
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We described cytoplasmic inclusions in glial cells in 18 patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) (multiple system atrophy, MSA). These glial inclusions showed intense argyrophilia with modified Bielschowsky's and Bodian's silver impregnation techniques, and were observed in the pons, cerebellar white matter, midbrain, medulla oblongata and basal ganglia, as well as cerebral white matter and spinal cord. None of the 54 control cases had glial argyrophilic inclusions. Immunohistochemically, these inclusions were intensely labeled by anti-ubiquitin antibody. Some of them reacted with an antibody to Rosenthal fiber (RF) protein. The cytoplasm of ubiquitinated inclusion-bearing glial cells was immunostained by anti-Leu-7 antibody, but not by anti-GFAP antibody. Ultrastructurally, the glial inclusions were composed primarily of approximately 24- to 40-nm fibrils, which were coated with osmiophilic granular material along their length in longitudinal section. These fibrils appeared as annuli in cross section. Often, a central granule approximately 5 nm in diameter was seen in the lucent lumen of a cross-sectioned fibril. The granule-coated fibrils were not seen in the glial filament-containing astrocytes. Electron microscopic examination of silver-impregnated specimens revealed that the granule-coated fibrils had strong affinity for silver. Immunoelectron microscopy using the indirect immunoperoxidase techniques with antibodies to ubiquitin and RF protein revealed that the electron-dense reaction products respective to both were located on constituents of glial inclusions. Our observation that Leu-7-positive glial cells, mainly oligodendroglial cells, had argyrophilic ubiquitinated inclusions may be of significance for the evaluation of the pathology of OPCA(MSA).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293383
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A continuous cell line (KK-2) from a supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 52-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Primitive neuroectodermal tumor ; Cell line ; Characterization ; Establishment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tumor tissue located in the occipital lobe with hemorrhage was obtained from a 19-year-old patient. Histological examination indicated it to consist of undifferentiated small, round cells without neuronal or glial differentiation, and possibly to be a type of primitive neuroectodermal tumor. The tumor cells were cultured for 3 years and a continuous cell line (KK-2) was established. KK-2 was transplantable to nude mice. With immunocytochemistry, neuron-specific enolase, protein gene product 9.5, vimentin, TUJ1 (a monoclonal antibody specific for neuron-associated class III β-tubulin isotype) and 6H7 (a monoclonal antibody to NCAM produced by us) were detected. None of the following could be found: glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein, neurofilament and synaptophysin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, gastrin releasing peptide corticotropin-releasing factor, substance P, somatostatin, chromogranin, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase. The original tumor and KK-2 cells obtained after 3 years of culture and transplants in nude mice displayed essentially the same ultrastructural and immunohistochemical characteristics. KK-2 cells showed no differentiation to mature neuronal, glial or ependymal cells. This cell line may possibly serve as a useful model for studying cellular differentiation of human neuroectodermal tumors and normal neuronal development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427215
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meningiomas differentiating to arachnoid trabecular cells: a proposal for histological subtype “arachnoid trabecular cell meningioma” (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 327-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Meningioma ; Microcystic meningioma ; Vacuolated meningioma ; Arachnoid trabecular cell ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three cases of meningiomas which had abundant small vacuoles in the tumor tissue are reported. By electron microscopy, the tumor cells exhibited long and thin processes, the tips of which were united by desmosomes. The tumor tissue was revealed to have wide extracellular spaces which corresponded to the vacuoles observed by light microscopy. In previous literature, various terms have been used when referring to this meningioma, such as microcystic meningioma or vacuolated meningioma. Since the ultrastructure of the tumor showed similarity to that of normal arachnoid trabecular cells, we propose to call the tumor “arachnoid trabecular cell meningioma” denoting its morphological nature clearly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296542
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural identification of neurofibrillary tangles in the spinal cords in Guamanian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 83 (1992), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Spinal cord neurofibrillary tangles ; Parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam ; Guamanian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Ultrastructure ; Immunoelectron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of spinal cord neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) were examined in Guamanian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in parkinisonism-dementia complex on Guam. The spinal cord NFTs reacted with antibodies to tau protein (tau-2), ubiqitin and paired helical filaments (PHFs). Ultrastructurally, the components of the NFTs were seen as randomly arranged fibrils which were often associated with osmiophilic granules; small bundle-like arrangements were also occasionally observed. Individual NFT fibrils appeared as straight fibrils with a diameter of approximately 15 nm and constricted fibrils with a periodicity of approximately 80 nm. Ultrastructural microscopic examination of specimens stained by the modified Bielschowsky method and with the antibodies revealed silver particles and the products of the tau, ubiquitin and PHF immunoreactions on the NFT fibrils. This is the first demonstration of the fine structure of the spinal cord NFTs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296790
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myelination of two axons by a single Schwann cell (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 574-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Aberrant myelination ; Axon ; Myelination ; Schwann cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A Schwann cell can form only one internode of myelin around an axon. However, we observed the formation by a single Schwann cell of myelin around two axons of different diameters in the sural nerve of a 45-year-old man with mononeuritis multiplex. Schwann cell processes spiraled in the same direction around each axon, forming mesaxons. The findings in this case appear to be an undescribed type of aberrant myelination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304478
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Striosomal arrangement of met-enkephalin and substance P expression in parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam (1993)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1993), S. 390-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Striatum ; Parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam ; Met-enkephalin ; Substance P ; Striosomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This report concerns a topographic immunohistochemcal analysis of Met-enkephalin (MEnk) and substance P (SP) expression in the striatum from seven patients with parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam (PDC). The striatum of seven neurologically normal subjects served as controls. MEnk-positive striosomes were readily visualized in both the caudate nucleus and the putament of the PDC cases. Although the immunoreactivity was less than that of MEnk, SP-positive patches were detected in the PDC striatum. The patches were similar to those seen in the normal controls. These results provide additional evidence that the striatum and its efferent system appear to be preserved in patients with PDC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334449
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transferrin receptors in injured brain (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1990), S. 686-688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Transferrin receptor ; Brain injury ; Edema fluid ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of transferrin receptors (Tf-R) in the central nervous system. The present study of Wistar rats with experimentally induced brain injuries, using immunohistochemistry at the light microscopy level, demonstrated the presence of Tf-R in regenerated endothelial cells, reactive astrocytes and in other cells, probably macrophages. Although Tf-R were seen in proliferating cells, Tf-R were also observed in nonproliferating cells, many of them macrophages. The receptors perhaps bind transferrin in edema fluid and play an important role in lesion repair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294248
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prognostic implications of meningiomas in the elderly (over 70 years old) in the era of magnetic resonance imaging (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 126 (1994), S. 59-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Elderly meningioma ; clinical feature ; prognostic implication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary During the 5 years from 1987 to 1991, 89 elderly patients, aged 70 years and over, were admitted to departments of neurosurgery in Yamaguchi prefecture with meningioma. The clinical features and prognostic implications of meningioma in the elderly were assessed retrospectively. Seventy-eight (88%) of the 89 patients underwent surgery, which was a higher rate than has been previously reported. The length of clinical history was also shorter than in previous studies, and was partly due to the recent introduction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The incidence of poor prognosis (severe disability, vegetative or dead) in the elderly and a younger group aged less than 70 years was 13% and 7%, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant. In the surgically treated elderly group, age did not influence the patient's outcome. The factors affecting the outcome were pre-operative neurological deficit (p〈0.05), histological malignancy (p〈0.05), and multiple operations (p〈0.05). Twenty-seven of the elderly meningioma patients were in good physical condition with minimal neurological involvement. They underwent total removal of the tumour at the first operation, and the histological diagnosis was benign. Twenty-five of these 27 patients fell into the best outcome category. Therefore, age alone was not a factor preventing proper surgical treatment of meningioma in the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476411
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-Term Experiment of Applying Sludge Fertilizer to Agricultural Land (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Yokohama city has developed facilities to dry and granulate digested sludge, and has been producing and selling sludge fertilizer since 1977. Concurrently, investigations have been carried out on the continuous use of sludge fertilizer with respect to its nutrient value and the influence of heavy metals.Four types of fertilizer and eight types of crop were used in the test. The nutrient values and other aspects were compared statistically for assessment.It was found that (a) sludge fertilizer had the same nutrient value as organic fertilizer, (b) there was minimal transfer of heavy metals from sludge to crops, and (c) sludge fertilizer could be used continuously over a long period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1992.tb00793.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depressed tubular adenoma of the stomach: pathological and immunohistochemical features (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 17 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We examined 12 depressed tubular adenomas of the stomach pathologically and immunohistochemically in order to clarify the difference between the depressed type and the elevated type. Depressed tubular adenomas showed shallow mucosal depression and, of the 12, nine were endoscopically diagnosed as early gastric cancer. Histologically, the adenoma cells showed dysplasia in varying degree and focal adenocarcinoma occurred in two adenomas measuring over 2 cm. The mean height of the adenoma glands was 0.63 ± 0.31 mm in the 12 depressed adenomas and 1.32 ± 0.43 mm in 44 elevated adenomas, while the mean heights of the subjacent mucosa were 0.18 ± 0.19 mm and 1.07 ± 0.71 mm, respectively. Thus, depressed adenomas resulted from paucity of the mucosa subjacent to the adenoma glands and the height of the adenomatous glands was half that found in the elevated type. Goblet cells, a variety of endocrine cells and lysozyme-containing cells were found in nine, nine and eight depressed adenomas, respectively, in variable numbers. Hyperplasia of these cells was also detected in depressed adenomas showing mild or moderate dysplasia. Immunohistochemical examination revealed no difference in the phenotypic expression of adenoma cells as between the depressed and the elevated type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1990.tb00762.x
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