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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 16 (1994), S. 399-407 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Lymphatics ; Esophagus ; Thoracic duct ; Macroscopic anatomy ; Histology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chez 106 cadavres de japonais adultes, nous avons mis en évidence, aussi bien macroscopiquement que microscopiquement, des vaisseaux lymphatiques péri-oesophagiens qui se drainaient dans le conduit thoracique. Macroscopiquement, le drainage lymphatique de l'oesophage dans le conduit thoracique existait chez 46 des 106 cadavres (43,4 %). 23 gros collecteurs ont été vus qui naissaient de l'oesophage thoracique et s'abouchaient directement dans le conduit thoracique chez 21 des 106 cadavres (19,8 %). Le plus souvent (15 des 23 gros collecteurs), ces lymphatiques reliaient l'oesophage au conduit thoracique au niveau des 1er-3ème ou des 6ème-8ème vertèbres thoraciques. D'après l'examen histologique de ces 23 gros collecteurs, 2 prenaient naissance à partir d'un fin plexus lymphatique de l'adventice de l'oesophage infiltré de cellules mononucléaires. Dans 11 cas sur 23, un lymphonoeud intermédiaire a été trouvé sur le conduit thoracique grâce à des “clearing methods”. Ces résultats suggèrent que la lymphe de l'oesophage se draine rapidement dans la circulation systémique par l'intermédiaire du conduit thoracique. Importantes en clinique dans le cancer de l'oesophage, les descriptions antérieures de lymphatiques extrapariétaux de l'oesophage ont été discutées à propos de ce drainage lymphatique direct de l'oesophage.
    Notes: Summary The lymphatic vessels from around the esophagus which drain into the thoracic duct were identified macroscopically and histologically in 106 cadavers. Direct lymphatic drainage to the duct was macroscopically demonstrated by 84 vessels in 46 cases (43.4%). In 23 cases (19.8%), large collecting vessels arose from the thoracic esophagus and opened directly imto the duct. In most of these cases (15/23) these lymphatic connections were found at the levels of the 1st–3rd or 6th–8th thoracic vertebrae. Histologic study revealed that two vessels originated from the fine lymphatic plexus in the esophageal adventita, which showed monocytic infiltration. In 11 of the 23 cases, an intercalated node was found along the thoracic duct. The results suggest that lymph drains rapidly into the systemic circulation via the thoracic duct. In view of the clinical applications in esophageal carcinoma, previous accounts of the extramural esophageal lymphatics concerned in direct drainage are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Gorgonian ; brianolide ; diterpene ; Briareum sp. ; antiinflammatory activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Brianolide (1), a new antiinflammatory diterpenoid of the briarein class, possessing a β substituent at C-12 (R), has been isolated from the Okinawan gorgonianBriareum sp. Its structure has been established from spectral data in conjunction with a single crystal X-ray analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 151 (1992), S. 388-389 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: 6-Mercaptopurine ; suppository ; bioavailability ; acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ; children ; interindividual variability ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma levels and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) values of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) were determined in a balanced crossover study of oral (powder) and rectal (macrogol suppository) administration to 5 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The AUC (538.6 ng · h · ml−1) after the rectal dose of 30 mg/m2 was approximately 1.5-times of that (365.5 ng · h · ml−1) after the oral dose of 87.5 mg/m2. The coefficients of variation of interindividual variability of the AUCs were 21.5% and 32.3%, respectively. The relative bioavailability of the macrogol suppository compared to the powder was approximately 4.39. These findings indicate that rectal administration of 6-MP could avoid the first-pass effect of this drug in the alimentary canal and/or liver, resulting in a large AUC of 6-MP, and so could reduce interindividual variability in plasma 6-MP concentrations. Rectal administration of 6-MP may be more effective than empirical oral dosing for the treatment of children with ALL, especially for patients with nausea and/or vomiting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 109 (1991), S. 52-56 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Sagittal sinus pressure ; CSF-pressure ; pial vessels ; autoregulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using parietal cranial windows and multichannel videoangiometry, pial vessel responses were studied in cats during stepwise elevation of superior sagittal sinus pressure (PSSS) to a level of 50 mmHg or reduction of CSF-pressure (PCSF). PCSF was monitored via a needle in the great cistern, known from previous studies to be identical to supratentorial CSF-pressure. During elevation of PSSS, large and small pial veins dilated by 14±6.1% from resting diameter. Small arteries remained unresponsive until they were dilated by 9±2.1% at the level of PSSS 50mmHg. Large arteries dilated by 18±5.5% at the level of PSSS 50 mmHg. PSSS was always approximately twice as high as PCSF during increase of PSSS. During reduction of PCSF to − 5 mmHg, pial veins also dilated, by 7.4±1 % on the average. This observation suggests that normal PCSF is a result of mainly venous vascular pressure, and that the level of normal venous pressure is not dictated by PCSF but by the function and architecture of the cerebral vasculature. Since the rapid reduction of cerebral perfusion pressure CPP by elevation of venous pressure does not induce autoregulatory adjustment according to the level of CPP, but to the level of arterial transmural pressure, it is concluded, that the basic mechanism underlying autoregulation of CBF is myogenic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 73-75 (Jan. 1991), p. 685-692 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 21 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Selective IgM deficiency is found commonly in patients with Bloom's syndrome (BS). Serum IgM concentrations were low though serum IgG and IgA concentrations were normal in both patients with BS included in the study. In a previous study the authors showed that selective IgM deficiency in BS is due to an abnormality in the maturation of surface IgM-bearing cells into IgM-secreting cells and a failure of secreted μ (μ s) mRNA synthesis. The membrane-bound μ (μ m) and μ s mRNA are produced from transcripts of a single immunoglobulin μ gene by alternative RNA processing pathways. The control of μ s mRN A synthesis depends on the addition of poly(A) to μ s C-terminal segment. The study described here demonstrated that there was no mutation or deletion in the sequence including μ s C-terminal coding sequence, the RNA splice site (GG/TAAAC) at the 5’ end of μ s C-terminal segment, and the AATAAA poly(A) signal sequence, and second GT-rich element immediately down-stream of the cleavage site in both patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 3355-3362 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray emissions in the spectral range of 2–13 nm from 21 kinds of material (carbon through tin) irradiated either by a 4 J/35 ns slab Nd:glass laser or by a 0.5 J/8 ns Nd:YAG laser were recorded with a grazing incidence spectrometer equipped with a microchannel plate detector. The absolute photon intensities of the spectra from these materials were determined. The variation of the molybdenum spectrum with laser irradiance was also investigated. Finally, the spectra ranging from 2 to 13 nm produced by the Nd:YAG laser of both the fundamental (1.06 μm) and its second-harmonic (0.53 μm) wavelengths are compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 6 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA, which plays an important role in neural, endocrine, neuroendocrine and immune systems, was studied by in situ hybridization during the development of pituitary in the domestic pig. The POMC gene was activated as early as fetal day 30 (E30). The signal for POMC mRNA in the anterior lobe progressively increased from E30 to E80 and then remained at relatively constant level. In contrast, POMC transcripts in the intermediate lobe first appeared at E40 and steadily increased during development. POMC transcripts in the brain were first found at E40 and were scattered in the arcuate nucleus (AN) and nucleus medialis thalami (NMT). At E50 the extra-pituitary POMC mRNA was located not only in the AN and NMT but also in the fasciulus tegmenti and entorhinal cortex. In the posterior lobe, no signal was detected. The specific pattern of expression of the pig POMC gene in the pituitary and in specific regions of the central nervous system suggests important roles for POMC in fetal development. These results also suggest that POMC is excellent for studying the expression and regulation of pituitary hormone genes because of its tissue-specific regulation and developmental pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 7476-7481 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Successful observation is reported of the quantum-confined Stark effect in electroluminescence (EL) under a "forward'' electric-field condition, with a current injected into a p-i-n diode containing Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs symmetric coupled double quantum wells (CDQWs). The Stark shift observed in EL and (under a reverse bias) in photoluminescence (PL), in both of which the transitions involved are between the electron and heavy-hole lowest states, is found to be symmetrical with respect to the flatband bias, in agreement with calculations. The origin of the optical transitions between electron and light- or heavy-hole states in the CDQWs is also clearly identified by a combination of PL and circularly polarized photoluminescence excitation spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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