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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depth distribution of microbial production and oxidation of methane in northern boreal peatlands (1994)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 27 (1994), S. 253-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The depth distributions of anaerobic microbial methane production and potential aerobic microbial methane oxidation were assessed at several sites in both Sphagnum- and sedge-dominated boreal peatlands in Sweden, and compared with net methane emissions from the same sites. Production and oxidation of methane were measured in peat slurries, and emissions were measured with the closed-chamber technique. Over all eleven sites sampled, production was, on average, highest 12 cm below the depth of the average water table. On the other hand, highest potential oxidation of methane coincided with the depth of the average water table. The integrated production rate in the 0–60 cm interval ranged between 0.05 and 1.7 g CH4 m −2 day− and was negatively correlated with the depth of the average water table (linear regression: r 2 = 0.50, P = 0.015). The depth-integrated potential CH4-oxidation rate ranged between 3.0 and 22.1 g CH4 m−2 day−1 and was unrelated to the depth of the average water table. A larger fraction of the methane was oxidized at sites with low average water tables; hence, our results show that low net emission rates in these environments are caused not only by lower methane production rates, but also by conditions more favorable for the development of CH4-oxidizing bacteria in these environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182409
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emulation of seizure induced brain damage in neural tissue transplants to the anterior chamber of the eye (1990)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 81 (1990), S. 279-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Epileptic brain damage ; Excitatory amino acids ; Status epilepticus ; Substantia nigra ; SN ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have developed a model system in which the mechanisms of neuronal damage due to hyperexcitation can be studied in isolation and where extended observation periods can be used. Substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNPR) develops a hypermetabolic necrosis following status epilepticus (Nevander et al. 1985; Auer et al. 1986). We transplanted rat fetal nigral area alone or together with fetal frontal neocortex to the anterior chamber of the eye in adult rats. Following 3 months of transplant maturation the hosts were subjected to status epilepticus for 60 min. In single nigral transplants no sign of structural damage was found. In the double transplants of frontal cortex and the substantia nigra a tissue necrosis had developed in the nigral part. This was demonstrated by a total loss of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA) immunoreactivity within a circumscribed necrotic region in the nigral part of the double transplant. Such a loss of GFA immunofluorescence had also developed in the host SNPR, as we have earlier shown (Eriksdotter Nilsson et al. 1987). Thus, intraocular brain tissue transplants provide a unique model for studies on the development of neuronal damage and functional dependence between different neuronal structures for the development of such damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228116
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-antibiotic effect of beta-lactam antibiotics on gram-negative bacteria in relation to morphology, initial killing and MIC (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 10 (1991), S. 927-934 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The in vitro post-antibiotic effect (PAE) of cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and imipenem on reference strains ofEscherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa andSerratia marcescens were evaluated by bioluminescence assay of bacterial ATP. In parallel with the PAE determination, initial killing and morphology studies were performed. Imipenem produced〉1 h PAE on all strains tested, cefepime and cefotaxime on four strains and ceftazidime only on one of the strains tested. The length of the PAE on different strains did not correlate in the same way to MIC. Imipenem induced〉1 h PAE at 1/4-2 MIC while the cephalosporins caused〉1 h PAE at 4−256 × MIC. A PAE exceeding 1.2 h was seen concomitantly with spheroplasts but there was not necessarily strong (≥99 %) initial killing at the same time. The PAE duration at≥99 % initial killing varied between 2.0 h and 5.0 h. When the cephalosporins produced〈1 h PAEs, this was seen concomitantly with production of filaments and weak initial killing. The bioluminescence method was not jeopardized by filament formation and no negative PAE was found in contrast to the viable count method. The study showed that neither a certain multiple of MIC, the presence of spheroplasts nor strong initial killing can predict the length of PAE for β-lactam antibiotics on gram-negative bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02005446
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of urinary macromolecules on the crystallization of calcium oxalate (1990)
    Springer
    Urological research 18 (1990), S. 381-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Calcium oxalate ; Dialysis ; Urinary macromolecules ; Crystal growth inhibition ; Mean crystal volume ; Stone formers ; Normal subjects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The macromolecular fraction of urine with a molecular weight above 3,000 was isolated by dialysis. In the dialysed urine the rate of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystallization was reduced both in the presence and absence of CaOx seed crystals. There was a clear relationship between crystallization and the relative concentration of the dialysed urine, with the highest crystallization propensity at the lowest concentration of macromolecules. Dilution of dialysed urine also affected crystal size distribution, with a predominance of small (2.8–4.5 μm) crystals in 100% dialysed urine and of large (5.6–14.0 μm) crystals in 5% dialysed urine. This is consistent with a macromolecular inhibition of both crystal growth and aggregation. Analysis of the crystal size distribution 120 min after supersaturation of whole urine to a level at which approximately 100 crystals in the size interval 3.5–5 μm were detected in a Coulter counter surprisingly disclosed a higher mean crystal volume in urine samples from normal subjects than from stone formers. This gives support to the assumptions that macromolecules might be of importance during the initial phase of CaOx crystallization and that urine from stone formers and normal subjects might be different in this respect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297369
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis and morphogenesis of group C rotavirus in swine testicular cells (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 133 (1993), S. 21-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Polypeptide synthesis and morphogenesis of a group C rotavirus (AmC-1) adapted to a continuous swine testicular cell line was examined. SDS-PAGE analysis of35S methionine labeled infected cell lysates revealed 9 viral polypeptides (122, 98, 79, 78, 43, 41, 35, 24, and 20 kD). Viral polypeptide synthesis appeared to be maximal at 7–10 h post infection. Purified group C virus grown in the presence of trypsin was found to contain seven structural polypeptides (122, 98, 79, 53, 43, 41, and 30 kD) by protein blotting and five polypeptides (98, 79, 78, 43, and 41 kD) by immunoprecipitation with a hyperimmune rabbit antisera. Tunicamycin treatment, Concanavalin A binding, protein blotting, endo-H treatment and2,6H-mannose labeling suggested that group C rotavirus contains one structural glycoprotein (41 kD) with a corresponding precursor mol. wt. of 37 kD and one not previously identified non-structural glycoprotein (24 kD) with a corresponding precursor mol. wt. of ⩽20 kD. Electron microscopy of infected swine testicular cells revealed an assembly process for group C rotavirus similar to group A, with single-shelled particles budding through the rough endoplasmic reticulum with concomitant acquisition of a transient membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309741
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