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  • 1990-1994  (13)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An automatic laboratory reactor for homogeneous polymerization of methyl methacrylatePaper presented by U. Budde at the “Jahrestreffen der Verfahrens-Ingenieure”, Berlin, September 27 to 29, 1989. (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemical Engineering & Technology - CET 14 (1991), S. 134-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0930-7516
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An automatic stirred tank reactor of laboratory scale has been developed for on-line measurement of conversion, viscosity, and molar mass distribution of homogeneous polymerizations. For these on-line measurements, a fraction of the reaction mixture is bypassed through a densimeter and a viscometer. Samples are taken at intervals of 15 min, diluted semi-automatically, and then injected into a high performance gel permeation chromatograph for determination of the molar mass distribution of the polymers. A microcomputer collects the measured data, calculates the monomer conversion and the output data for different control units. In this study, methyl methacrylate is polymerized batch- and semi-batchwise with ethyl acetate as solvent and in the presence of different initiators. The semi-batch polymerizations are carried out at constant reaction rate by feeding the initiator and at a given increase in viscosity by feeding the solvent.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.270140212
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling the kinetics of the precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1990), S. 107-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zur Beschreibung der Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit der radikalischen Fallungspolymerisation von Acrylsäure in Toluol wurde ein Modell entewickelt. Die experimentelle Überprüfung des Modells erfolgte durch Messungen in einem isotherm betriebenen Reaktionskalorimeter. Das Modell beschreibt die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit bis zum vollständigen Umsatz in einem Temperaturbereich von 40 bis 60°C.
    Notes: A kinetic model for the free-radical precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid in toluene was developed and verified experimentally by using an isothermal reaction calorimeter. The model predicts the rate of polymerization accurately up to complete conversion in the temperature range of 40 to 60°C.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1990.051750109
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid: Kinetics, viscosity and heat transfer (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 206 (1993), S. 157-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die radikalische Fällungspolymerisation von Acrylsäure in Toluol, die in einem isothermen Reaktionskalorimeter untersucht wurde, zeigt den für Fällungspolymerisationen typischen autokatalytischen Verlauf der Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit. Diese läßt sich in Abhängigkeit vom Volumenanteil des gebildeten Polymeren beschreiben.Die Viskosität der Reaktionsmasse steigt mit zunehmendem Volumenanteil des gebildeten Polymeren an und durchläuft bei hohen Umsätzen ein Maximum. Es wird ein Modell diskutiert, welches den Anstieg und den Rückgang der Viskosität beschreibt.Der reaktionsseitige Wärmeübergangskoeffizient läßt sich während der Polymerisation im Reaktionskalorimeter bestimmen. Durch Vergleich der mit einem Modell des Reaktionskalorimeters berechneten Temperaturverläfe mit den experimentell bestimmten wurde festgesßelt, daß sich die Wärmeübergangscharakteristik in einem kleinen Umsatzintervall zu Beginn der Polymerisation stark ändert.
    Notes: The free-radical precipitation polymerization of acrylic acid in toluene was studied in an isothermal reaction calorimeter. The polymerization shows an autocatalytic behaviour of the rate of polymerization typical for precipitation polymerizations. The rate of polymerization with respect to conversion can be modeled by taking the volume fraction of the precipitated polymer into consideration.The viscosity of the reaction mixture increases with increasing volume fraction of precipitated polymer. The viscosity runs through a maximum at high conversion. The final viscosity decrease is probably due to shear stress caused aggregation phenomena of the polymer particles. A model is discussed which can describe the increase and decrease of viscosity of the system.By means of reaction calorimetry it is possible to determine the reaction-sided heat transfer coefficient during polymerization. The comparison of the experimentally determined temperature course of the reaction mixture and the temperature course calculated with a coupled model of the polymerization and the calorimeter shows that the heat-transfer characteristic changes instantaneously during a small conversion interval at the very beginning of the polymerization.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1993.052060114
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene in solution with a neodymium catalyst (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 211 (1993), S. 89-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die diskontinuierliche Polymerisation von Butadien in Hexan bei 45°C mit einem in-situ-aktivierten Ziegler-Katalysator aus Neodymversatat, Ethylaluminiumsesquichlorid und Triisobutylauminium wurde untersucht. Die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit wurde durch Dichtemessungen verfolgt. Zur Beschreibung der Polymerisationskinetik bei verschiedenen Katalysatorzusammensetzungen wurde ein mathematisches Modell entwickelt. Bei einem molaren Aluminium/Neodym-Verhältnis über 40 kann mittels Gelpermeationschromatographie eine bimodale Molmassenverteilung beobachtet werden, was zu der Annahme führt, daß im Polymerisationssystem mehr als eine aktive Spezies anwesend ist.
    Notes: The batch polymerization of butadiene in hexane with an in-situ-activated Ziegler-Catalyst containing neodymium versatate, ethylaluminium sesquichloride and triisobutylaluminium was studied at 45°C. The rate of polymerization was determined by online density measurements. A mathematical model has been developed which is able to describe the kinetics of polymerization at different catalyst ratios. At molar ratios of aluminium/neodymium above 40 a bimodal molar mass distribution can be observed by gel permeation chromatography which leads to the assumption of more than one active species being present in the polymerization system.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1993.052110108
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling the kinetics of ethylene polymerization with Ziegler-Natta catalystsDedicated to Professor Dr. Robert Kerber on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1990)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 11 (1990), S. 315-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1990.030110703
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molar mass distribution of microbial poly(D(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate) in the course of intracellular synthesis and degradation (1991)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 12 (1991), S. 583-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1991.030121003
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adiabatische Reaktionskalorimetrie am Beispiel der radikalischen Polymerisation (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 65 (1993), S. 78-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330650115
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modellierung der Kinetik der Oligomerisation von Ethen und der Molmassen-Verteilung der Produkte (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 65 (1993), S. 577-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330650519
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zeitoptimale Steuerung des Anfahr- und Übergangsverhaltens der kontinuierlichen Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 66 (1994), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330660117
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wärmeübergang während der Polymerisation in einem Rührkesselreaktor (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 65 (1993), S. 739-741 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330650615
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