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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 26-32 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Neutrophils ; Intracellular free calcium ; Fura-2 ; Integrins ; Phagocytosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To study the role of cytosolic free calcium, [Ca2+]i, in cell activation, in particular during adhesion and movement on a surface in response to chemotactic peptide stimulation and during phagocytosis, we monitored [Ca2+]i in single human neutrophils. The neutrophils were loaded with fura-2 and allowed to adhere to albumin-coated glass coverslips. [Ca2+]i was monitored with a dual excitation microfluorimeter. Half of the cells showed spontaneous [Ca2+]i transients that lasted up to 15 min with an amplitude averaging 77±10 nM above basal levels (mean basal value of 110±20 nM) and a mean duration of 28±5 s. These repetitive [Ca2+]i elevations depended on the continuous presence of extracellular Ca2+ and could be dissociated from those triggered by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP). Cell morphology was monitored in parallel by recording fluorescent images with a high sensitivity charge coupled device (CCD) camera. The majority of the cells studied showed visible changes in shape which started either before or at the same time as the onset of the [Ca2+]i transients. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ abolished [Ca2+]i transients without impairing cell movement and spreading. Blockade of adherence and cell movement with cytochalasin B markedly inhibited [Ca2+]i transients. Monoclonal antibodies directed against the leucocyte integrin CR3 (CD11b/CD18 αmβ2) blocked adherence, spreading and most of the [Ca2+]i activity. Total [Ca2+]i activity was assessed during phagocytosis of C3bi-opsonized yeast particles and correlated with fusion of secondary granules with the phagosomal membrane (P-L fusion). In Ca2+-containing medium, upon contact with a yeast particle, a rapid rise in [Ca2+]i was observed, followed by one or more Ca2+ peaks. P-L fusion was detected in 80% of the cells after 5–10 min. Increasing the cytosolic Ca2+ buffering capacity by loading the cells with MAPT/AM led to a dose-dependent inhibition both of [Ca2+]i elevations and P-L fusion. Under conditions where basal [Ca2+]i was reduced to 〈20 nM and intracellular Ca2+ stores were depleted, P-L fusion was drastically inhibited while the cells ingested yeast particles normally. Taken together these results indicate that: 1. The action of leucocyte integrins is necessary for the generation of the multiple [Ca2+]i transient observed in surface adherent human neutrophils. These [Ca2+]i transients do not preclude and can be dissociated from the response to fMLP and they prime the cell to subsequent stimulation. 2. Although the ingestion step of phagocytosis is a Ca2+-independent event, [Ca2+]i transients triggered upon contact with opsonized particles are necessary to control the subsequent fusion of granules with the phagosomal membrane. 3. Studies at a single cell level will be necessary to detect subtle deficiencies in intracellular mediators during human diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Ependymoma ; interstitial irradiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In this case report a patient with a large intraventricular benign ependymoma is presented. The tumour was treated with stereotactically implanted Iodine-125 seeds and interstitial irradiation. Extension (diameter: 6.5 cm) and volume (112.5 ml) of the lesion caused the application of an unusually low dose (tumour surface dose: 40 Gy). The tumour shrank significantly within a few weeks. Follow-up at nearly 5 years shows the patient to be tumour free.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 125 (1993), S. 142-149 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Stereotactic technique ; CT-guided stereotaxy ; computer-assisted treatment planning ; histological diagnosis ; brain neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary On the base of a stereotactic device originally described by Riechert and Mundinger a three-dimensional localization and treatment planning system for CT-guided computer assisted stereotactic procedures has been developed. The experience with 338 patients, in which image guided stereotaxy has been used for the assessment of various intracerebral lesions, is presented. In 54 of these patients the cannula was introduced with a 20 MHz Doppler-probe positioned at the tip of the needle. A comparison of tissue specimens taken stereotactically with tissue material after tumour resection and/or autopsy was performed in 35 patients. The accuracy of the histological diagnosis was 88%. Bleeding as a complication due to the stereotactic intervention occurred in 8 patients (2.4%). Two of these patients had a fatal outcome (mortality: 0.6%). The morbidity (transient and permanent deterioration of the clinical status) was 1.2%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 337 (1990), S. 97-103 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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