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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Intrinsic nerves ; isolated rat pancreas ; insulin ; somatostatin ; glucagon ; glucose ; adrenergic ; cholinergic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the isolated rat pancreas the effect of intrapancreatic non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves was examined upon insulin, glucagon and somatostatin release during perturbations of perfusate glucose. Elevation of glucose from 1.6 to 8.3 mmol/l increased insulin and somatostatin secretion and inhibited glucagon release. The first phase of insulin secretion was significantly reduced by the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin to 55% of the controls (p〈0.05). The somatostatin response was attenuated by tetrodotoxin while the change of glucagon remained unaffected. In contrast the combined adrenergic and cholinergic blockade with atropine, phentolamine and propranolol (10−5mol/l) did not modify the insulin, glucagon and somatostatin response. When glucose was changed from 8.3 to 1.6 mmol/l, the reduction of insulin and somatostatin release was not modified by tetrodotoxin, but stimulation of glucagon was significantly attenuated by 60–70% (p〈0.03), which was similar to the effect of combined adrenergic and cholinergic blockade. Subsequently, the effect of neural blockade was examined during more physiological perturbations of perfusate glucose levels. When glucose was changed from 3.9 to 7.2 mmol/l, tetrodotoxin also attenuated first phase insulin response by 40% while cholinergic and adrenergic blockade had no effect. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-Nitro-l-arginine-methylester (l-NAME) did not alter the glucose-induced insulin response indicating that nitric oxide is not involved in this mechanism. It is concluded that neural non-adrenergic noncholinergic mechanisms contribute to the first, but not second phase of glucose-induced insulin release. Non-adrenergic non-cholinergic effects do not participate in regulation of glucagon and somatostatin secretion under the conditions employed. The non-adrenergic non-cholinergic effect is most likely of peptidergic nature and remains to be examined in greater detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 50 (1994), S. 225-227 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Lipase from Chromobacterium viscosum has been purified to homogeneity and crystallized in a form suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis from 10-14% polyethylene glycol 4000 and 10-14% 2-methyl-2,4-pentane diol at pH 6.4 in the presence of 0.25%(w/v) n-octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside. These crystals belong to space group P21212 with refined lattice constants a = 41.1 Å, b= 156.8, c = 43.6 Å, indicating a cell content of one monomer per asymmetric unit of the crystal. The crystals diffract to a resolution of 2.2 Å.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 47 (1991), S. 750-752 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 9 (1993), S. 243-247 
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Bacterial immobilized cells ; liquid-drying ; preservation ; microbial biosensors ; xenobiotics detection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A simple and effective method for the drying of immobilized bacterial cells to be used directly in a microbial biosensor for measurement of activity is reported. As a case example, plasmid-bearing cells of Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP 134, DSM 4058 were immobilized on various carriers and liquid-dried. The dried cell-matrix was used directly after rehydration/reactivation as the biological component of a biosensor for determining the concentration of xenobiotic compounds in the environment. Good viability results were obtained after long-term storage and cells exhibited no loss of plasmids responsible for the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) degradation. The activity of the cells for 2,4-D was proved using a respiration electrode. No time-consuming, repeated cell cultivation and harvesting was required, as the cells preserved from a single batch served as a continuous source for activity measurements. Many other microbial cultures can be preserved by this method and the cells preserved in the form of immobilized dried cell-matrix can be used directly to perform enzymatic tests, complex biochemical conversions and for production in the reactors. The dried cell-matrix can serve as a stable interchangeable component for a multipurpose biosensor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 46 (1990), S. 1365-1368 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 47 (1991), S. 1145-1148 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 81 (1994), S. 323-325 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Nonaqueous electron transfer ; Iron(III)trimethylphosphate complexes ; Ligand exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Kinetik der Outer-sphere Oxidation einer Reihe von Fe(Xphen) 3 2+ Ionen (X=H oder verschiedene Methylsubstituenten) mit Eisen(III), eingeführt als Fe(tmp)6(ClO4)3 (tmp=Trimethylphosphat), bei 25°C in Acetonitril (MeCN) untersucht. Diese Reaktionen sind sehr komplex, da gebundenestmp teilweise durchMeCN ausgetauscht wird, wobei der Ersatz einestmp-Moleküls durchMeCN das Redoxpotential um 0.2 V verschiebt. Deshalb sind die verschiedenen Solvatkomplexe in ihrer Reaktivität sehr unterschiedlich. Ein zweites wesentliches Merkmal der untersuchten Reaktionen ist der hohe Ladungstyp von +2/+3. Das bringt eine starke Erhöhung der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit durch Elektrolytzusatz infolge von Ionenassoziation mit sich, die die Coulombsche Arbeit für die Bildung des Precursorkomplexes reduziert. Die Aufgabe bestand demnach in der Aufklärung von zwei Speziationsarten, der Solvations- und Ionenassoziationsgleichgewichte. Die Analyse weist auf das gleichzeitige Vorliegen von fünf Fe(tmp) n 3+ Species (n=2–6) hin, wobei vier von ihnen (n=2–5) reagieren. Zusätzlich gibt es für jedesn noch Ionenpaare und Ionentriplets mit Perchlorat. Eine zusätzliche Komplizierung ergibt sich, weil bestimmte Solvationsgleichgewichte nicht immer schnell sind im Vergleich zu den Redoxreaktionen, die dann nicht mehr pseudo-erster-Ordnung sind. Wenn auch die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten nicht mit der üblicherweise gewünschten Präzision angegeben werden können, sind zumindest zwei Ergebnisse nennenswert: (a) Es wird die relative Bedeutung der driving force und der Reaktantenladung für die Gesamtreaktivität hervorgehoben und (b) Je stärker die Reduktionskraft des Fe(Xphen) 3 2+ Ions, desto weniger kann es die verschiedenen Solvatspezies unterscheiden (Reaktivitäts-Selektivitäts-Beziehung).
    Notes: Summary The kinetics of outer-sphere oxidation of Fe(Xphen) 3 2+ ions (X=H or several methyl substituents) in acetonitrile (MeCN) solution by iron(III), introduced as Fe(tmp)6(ClO4)3 (tmp=trimethylphosphate), have been investigated at 25°C. The reactions are very complex because of solvation equilibria betweentmp andMeCN coordinated at Fe3+, with a reduction potential difference of 0.20 V for the replacement of onetmp byMeCN. This makes the various solvate species highly different in driving force. The second essential feature is the high charge-type of +2/+3. This brings about strong acceleration by salt because of ion association reducing the work necessary to overcome the Coulombic repulsion in forming the precursor complex. The task was to deconvolute two kinds of speciation: the ionic and the solvate speciations. The analysis suggests the concurrent existence of five Fe(tmp) n 3+ (n=2–6) species among which four species (n=2–5) are reacting, with an additional mono and bis perchlorate ion pair for eachn. Extra complications arise as some of the solvation equilibria are not always fast compared to the redox reactions, leading to non-first order rate constants. Although the rate constants could not be defined with the desired precision, at least two results are worth noting: (i) The relative effects of driving force and charge are highlighted in controlling overall reactivity. (ii) The stronger the reducing power of the Fe(Xphen) 3 2+ moiety, the less it can distinguish between the various solvate species (reactivity-selectivity relationship).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 197 (1990), S. 305-308 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: 14C dating ; travertine ; playa ; deflation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The travertine structure containing Mountford Spring is in the only surface accumulation of CaCO3 on Lake Torrens, a playa in South Australia. Here the first 14C data on Lake Torrens is presented. 14C ages for travertine samples surrounding Mountford Spring, range from 13 770 ± 130 years BP to 22 700 ± 290 years BP, giving a time frame for lacustrine sediments wedged in between. In the absence of recent tectonic movements, the old travertine (22 700 ± 130 years) on the clifftop, surrounded by younger spring deposits (13770 ± 130 years) at a lower level, prove a deflation event at this playa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 12 (1992), S. 147-159 
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Metal carbonyls ; PECVD ; chromium ; molybdenum ; tungsten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The hexacarbonyl compounds of Cr, Mo, and W have been used as precursors in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor depositions (PECVD). They form films of good adherence on glass, ceramics, and a variety of polymers. The nature of the deposits depends very much on the composition of the gas, which forms the plasma. When pure argon is used, the resulting films contain considerable amounts of oxygen and carbon. Films deposited in hydrogen/argon mixtures consist of the metal and/or the carbide. With Ar/O2 mixtures, Mo(CO)6 and W(CO)6 are converted into films of MoO3 and WO3, respectively. When H2S/H2 mixtures are used as plasma gas, Mo(CO)6 yields films consisting of MoSx.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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