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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of fiber, xylitol and fructose in enteral formulas on glucose and lipid metabolism in normal subjects (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 290-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; Enteral formula ; Fructose ; Insulin ; Xylitol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To verify the benofit of nonglucose carbohydrates and fiber in enteral formula diets we studied the postprandial metabolism of eight healthy subjects after the intake of two helpings (25 g carbohydrates each) of five commonly used enteral formulas over 4 h. There were no significant differences in postprandial concentrations of blood glucose among the formulas. The area under the curve of postprandial insulin values, however, was significantly smaller after consumption of the fructose-containing formula (1948±285 μU min ml−1, P〈0.05) than after fiber-free (3222 ±678 μU min ml−1) or two fiber-containing products (2664±326 μU min ml−1, P〈0.05; and 3040±708 μU min ml−1, P〈0.05). The insulin area of the xylitol-containing formula (2307±364 μU min ml−1) was significantly smaller compared to the fiber-free product (P〈0.05). In addition, we found the postprandial increase in triglycerides to be significantly higher after the xylitol-containing formula (from 0.93±0.14 to 1.25±0.22 mmol/1) than after the fiber-free product (from 0.82±0.13 to 0.97±0.16 mmol/1, P〈0.05) or the two fiber-containing products (from 0.88±0.16 to 0.96±0.18 mmol/1, P〈0.05; and from 0.80±0.08 to 0.95±0.10 mmol/l, P〈0.05). We conclude that a patient with type 11 diabetes may benefit from replacing glucose and glucose-equivalent carbohydrates with fructose or xylitol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184729
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibrates and triglyceride metabolism (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 40 (1991), S. S41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Lipoproteins ; metabolism ; hypertriglyceridemia ; fibrates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Some mechanisms of the triglyceride-lowering effects of fibrates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia are reviewed. One main effect of the fibrates is the stimulation of lipoprotein lipase activities in plasma as well as in adipose tissue. According to this increase in the degradational activity VLDL catabolism is stimulated, as has been demonstrated for VLDL apo B and VLDL triglycerides. In addition, the composition of hypertriglyceridemic LDL is reverted towards normal. Furthermore, the increased degradation via the nonreceptor pathway is decreased by fibrate treatment, thus lowering the atherogenic potential of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. But additionally the degree of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is lowered by fibrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01409407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short- and long-term effects of lovastatin and pravastatin alone and in combination with cholestyramine on serum lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in primary hypercholesterolaemia (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 353-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Lovastatin ; Pravastatin ; Hypercholesterolaemia ; cholestyramine ; lipoproteins ; apolipoproteins ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of the HMG CoA reductase inhibitors lovastatin and pravastatin on serum lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins have been studied in 35 patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia. LDL cholesterol was lowered to the same extent by both agents compared on a mg basis of each drug per day. HDL cholesterol was increased by lovastatin but not by pravastatin. The reduction in serum triglycerides, VLDL triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol was more pronounced after lovastatin than pravastatin. After 1 year the effect of combined treatment with 40 mg pravastatin and 8 g cholestyramine on the reduction in LDL cholesterol (−39%) in 13 patients was comparable to that of 80 mg lovastatin plus 8 g cholestyramine (−40%) in 12 patients with identical baseline values. Differences were also found in the effects of the combination therapy with the two drugs on HDL cholesterol, serum triglycerides, VLDL triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, and apolipoproteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280117
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Safety and efficacy of lifibrol upon four-week administration to patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 47 (1994), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Lifibrol ; hypercholesterolaemia ; hypocholesterolaemic agent ; clinical study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The efficacy and safety of lifibrol, a novel cholesterol-lowering drug, was investigated in a double-blind clinical study in 168 patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia. Placebo and four lifibrol dose groups (150, 300, 450 and 600 mg/day) were tested over a period of 4 weeks. The mean LDL-cholesterol changes were 5.7%, −11.1%, −27.7%, −34.5% and −35.0%, respectively, after 4 weeks of treatment. No major changes in HDL-cholesterol were seen after this period. With the present study design, a decrease in triglycerides (−28%) was significant in the highest dosage group only. Additionally, it was shown that further independent risk factors for coronary heart disease were favourably influenced. Fibrinogen decreased in all dosage groups with a maximal mean value of 18% and a tendency toward reduction in lipoprotein (a) was observed in patients with high baseline levels (〉30 mg·dl−1). Lifibrol was generally well tolerated in all dosage groups and no serious adverse events were reported. Laboratory parameters did not show any clinically relevant alterations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194962
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapy of severe familial heterozygous hypercholesterolemia by low-density lipoprotein apheresis with immunoadsorption: effects of the addition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors to therapy (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 908-912 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Low-density lipoprotein apheresis ; Immunoadsorption ; 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors ; Combined therapy ; Familial hypercholesterolemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To establish whether additional therapy with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG) coenzyme A (CoA) reductase inhibitors enhances the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol lowering effect of LDL apheresis with immunoadsorption in the treatment of patients with familial heterozygous hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease we studied eight patients initially on immunoadsorption therapy alone for 3 years. The adding of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors decreased pretreatment LDL cholesterol from 6.76±0.98 to 4.97±0.98 mmol/l and posttreatment LDL cholesterol from 2.33±0.80 to 1.94±0.67 mmol/l and increased pre- and posttreatment high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by 0.08 and 0.13 mmol/l respectively. The LDL/HDL ratio was reduced from 4.0 to 2.8 (prior to any therapy the ratio was 13.4). The increase in LDL cholesterol between weekly treatments was less steep under the combined therapy. At the same time the treated plasma volume during LDL apheresis could be decreased from 5070±960 to 4370±1200 1200 ml. We conclude that in patients with severe familial heterozygous hypercholesterolemia LDL apheresis should be combined with HMG CoA reductase inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185602
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The waist-to-hip ratio corrected for body mass index is related to serum triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol but not to parameters of glucose metabolism in healthy premenopausal women (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 913-917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Body mass index ; Waist-to-hip ratio ; Lipoproteins ; Glucose metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Android obesity is associated with metabolic disorders, but the causality of this relationship remains unclear. We investigated the association of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with hormones, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, serum lipoproteins, and the serum activity of hepatic enzymes in 40 healthy premenopausal women (BMI 19.2–46.1, mean 32.6±1.3 kg/M2; WHR 0.68-1.01, mean 0.82±0.02). BMI correlated with WHR (r=0.52, P〈0.01). After correction for WHR, BMI was negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and positively with total and very low density lipoprotein triglycerides, insulin sensitivity, blood glucose, serum insulin and glucagon. After adjustment for BMI, WHR was significantly associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total and very low density lipoprotein triglycerides, and the serum activities of hepatic enzymes but not with insulin sensitivity, blood glucose, serum insulin, or glucagon. According to these results, body fat distribution assessed by WHR is related to hypertriglyceridemia and alterations in hepatic function such as a fatty liver. WHR is not primarily related to glucose metabolism in healthy premenopausal women without preexisting metabolic disorders such as glucose intolerance. Therefore the observable association between android obesity and manifest impairment in glucose metabolism may develop secondarily during persisting hyperinsulinemia, which itself is primarily related to obesity. Thus an android body fat distribution may rather be an accompanying feature than a predictor of impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185603
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