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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 896-899 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Neutrophil ; Inflammation ; Immunodeficiency ; Granuloma ; Chronic granulomatous disease ; Infection ; Antibiotics ; Interferon ; Therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency disease which results from absence of the NADPH oxidase in the professional phagocytic cells [13] neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages and eosinophils. Deficiency of this oxidase renders the patient liable to infection by bacteria and fungi, and, as the name of the disease suggests, to chronic granulomatous inflammation. These patients present with a great variety of infections and other complications of their disease, which often tax the clinical and therapeutic skill of the doctors responsible for their care. Collectively we look after, or advise on the management of, over 100 of these subjects, and have developed experience in the diagnosis and management of the infections and other clinical problems they present. We thought that it might be timely to provide guidelines for their management based upon this experience. The numbers of patients are still relatively small, and the clinical presentations very varied, so it is immpossible to provide clear statistical proof of the veracity of this advice. It does, however, reflect the working practise of the physicians caring for many of these patients in Europe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied mechanics and technical physics 33 (1992), S. 222-229 
    ISSN: 1573-8620
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fluid dynamics 26 (1991), S. 639-645 
    ISSN: 1573-8507
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The behavior of perturbations of a steady cylindrical front of arbitrary amplitude is investigated numerically. A calculation algorithm is developed on the basis of the well-known boundary integral equation method [7]. The conclusion [5] concerning the stability of the front in the case of an internal supply of medium for perturbations of arbitrary amplitude is confirmed. In the case of an external supply of medium (in the direction of decreasing radial coordinate) the instability of the front and the formation of radial low-viscosity “fingers” is demonstrated. The method proposed can easily be modified to permit the calculation of the motion of free surfaces and interfaces in chemically inert high-viscosity media. In this connection, it can be used for numerically modeling the flow of plastic and glass melts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 48 (1994), S. 175-191 
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The ISNaS-project aims at providing tools for computer aided design and engineering in aerodynamics and hydrodynamics by developing an Information System for the simulation of complex flows based on the Navier-Stokes equations. Major components of the project are the development of a method-shell and of accurate as well as robust solvers for both compressible and incompressible flows. For the incompressible case, guided by typical applications in the field of river and coastal hydrodynamics, a solution procedure is being developed that is capable of handling complicated geometries, including free surface effects, in particular for high-Reynolds number flow regimes. In the present paper the invariant discretization of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in general boundary-fitted coordinate systems is discussed. It is found to be important that certain rules are followed concerning the choice of unknowns and the approximation of the geometric quantities. This is illustrated by some preliminary results. Extensions to moving coordinate systems and time-varying computational grids are indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In a prospective, open clinical study, 50 urological patients with acute pyelonephritis were treated with the oral cephalosporin cefixime. The medication (2×200 mg/day) was given for seven to ten days. Clinical, bacteriological as well as hematological examinations were carried out prior to, during and immediately after therapy. A late check-up was performed five to nine days after the end of therapy. 46 of the 50 cases were evaluable for efficacy, and all 50 patients were included in safety evaluation. The most frequent pathogens isolated prior to therapy wereEscherichia coli (34 times),Proteus mirabilis (six times),Klebsiella pneumoniae (twice) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (twice). Immediately after the end of therapy the pathogens were eradicated in 44 (97.5%) patients. At the late check-up the urine was sterile in 29 (63%) patients. A relapse was observed in 11 patients, a reinfection in four and the initially isolated pathogens had persisted in two. Immediately after the end of therapy 44 (95.7%) patients were clinically cured and two patients had improved. At the late check-up 41 patients were classified as clinically cured, three showed improvement, and two improvement with relapse. Adverse reactions (one case nausea and exanthem, and one case of meteorism) occurred in two patients. No changes in the blood counts or in the liver and kidney functions were observed. In the study described here cefixime proved to be an effective and well tolerated antibiotic for the treatment of upper urinary tract infections; it is of particular interest that 16 of the 50 patients presented with underlying disease favoring infection.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer prospektiven, offenen Therapiestudie wurden 50 urologische Patienten mit akuter Pyelonephritis mit dem Oralcephalosporin Cefixim behandelt. Die Medikation (zweimal 200 mg/die) wurde über sieben bis zehn Tage verabreicht. Vor, während und unmittelbar nach der Therapie wurden klinische, bakteriologische sowie blutchemische Kontrollen durchgeführt. Fünf bis neun Tage nach Therapieende fand eine Spätkontrolle statt. 46 der 50 Fälle konnten hinsichtlich der Wirksamkeit ausgewertet werden, alle 50 Fälle wurden bei der Beurteilung der Verträglichkeit berücksichtigt. Die häufigsten vor Therapie isolierten Erreger warenEscherichia coli (34mal),Proteus mirabilis (sechsmal),Klebsiella pneumoniae und koagulasenegative Staphylokokken (je zweimal). Unmittelbar nach Therapieende war bei 44 (97,5%) Patienten der Urin steril. Bei der Späktontrolle wiesen noch 29 (63%) Patienten eine Keimelimination auf. Bei 11 Patienten wurde ein Rezidiv festgestellt, bei vier eine Reinfektion, bei zwei Patienten persistierten die initial isolierten Erreger. Unmittelbar nach Therapieende waren 44 (95,7%) Patienten klinisch geheilt, zwei Patienten wiesen eine Besserung auf. Bei der Spätkontrolle wurden 41 Patienten als klinisch geheilt eingestuft, bei drei Patienten war eine Besserung, bei zwei eine Besserung mit Rezidiv zu verzeichnen. Bei zwei Patienten traten unerwünschte Begleiterscheinungen auf (einmal Übelkeit und Exanthem, einmal Meteorismus). Blutbildveränderungen sowie Veränderungen der Leber- beziehungsweise Nierenfunktion wurden nicht beobachtet. Cefixim erwies sich in der vorliegenden Studie als wirksames und verträgliches Antibiotikum zur Behandlung von oberen Harnwegsinfektionen, dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, daß 16 der 50 Patienten infektbegünstigende Grunderkrankungen aufwiesen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 15 (1992), S. 683-686 
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells is an electron transport chain in the wall of the endocytic vacuole that is activated upon engulfment of the microbe, and is important for its efficient killing and digestion. The oxidase consists of a heterodimeric cytochrome b in the membrane, which is the site of the haem and FAD groups, and two cystolic factors p47-phox and p67-phox that appear to activate the system. Absence of this oxidase as a result of defects in each of these specialized proteins causes the syndrome of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), that is characterized by a profound predisposition to pyogenic infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 17 (1993), S. 301-321 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Benchmark solution ; Incompressible Navier-Stokes ; Staggered grid ; General co-ordinates ; Multigrid ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Benchmark problems are solved with the steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations discretized with a finite volume method in general curvilinear co-ordinates on a staggered grid. The problems solved are skewed driven cavity problems, recently proposed as non-orthogonal grid benchmark problems. The system of discretized equations is solved efficiently with a non-linear multigrid algorithm, in which a robust line smoother is implemented. Furthermore, another benchmark problem is introduced and solved in which a 90° change in grid line direction occurs.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 15 (1992), S. 411-426 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Navier-Stokes equations ; Incompressible ; Boundary-fitted co-ordinates ; Boundary conditions ; Invariant discretization ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The discretization of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation on boundary-fitted curvilinear grids is considered. The discretization is based on a staggered grid arrangement and the Navier-;Stokes equations in tensor formulation including Christoffel symbols. It is shown that discretization accuracy is much enhanced by choosing the velocity variables in a special way. The time-dependent equations are solved by a pressure-correction method in combination with a GMRES method. Special attention is paid to the discretization of several types of boundary conditions. It is shown that fairly non-smooth grids may be used using our approach.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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