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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 30 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 30 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 19 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Type 2 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-2), originally confined to West Africa, has lately appeared with increasing frequency in Europe. Oral lesions affect a large proportion of patients with AIDS. Hairy leucoplakia (HL), a clinical expression of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), is a lesion of the oral mucosa (usually the lateral margin of the tongue) that is observed in patients who are immuno-compromised due to HIV or, more rarely, due to immunosuppressive medication or other causes.We review the definition, clinical signs, histopathology, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of HL, and report the (to our knowledge) first detailed description of an HlV-2-seropositive patient with HL, which affected the lateral and dorsal tongue and was the first clinical sign of HIV infection (this patient was at that time only the second native Spaniard in whom unique HIV-2 infection had been detected), EBV detection and subtyping by in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction were performed in paraffin-embedded tissue from the HL lesion of the dorsal tongue; EBV-1 and EBV-2 were detected by the latter technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 17 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The lichen planus follicularis tumidus was described by Belaich et al. in 1977,1 and we have found 13 cases published so far. We report two cases we have recently seen, one of them with multiple lesions on the head, and the other with a temporo-frontal lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Materials and structures 26 (1993), S. 30-37 
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume On utilise couramment deux types d’aciers dans le béton armé: les aciers tréfilés (C−Mn) ou trempés (Si−Cr). Bien que leur limite élastique soit assez élevée pour garantir une durée de service normale dans la zone d’élasticité, leur résilience est moindre que celle des aciers ductiles de limite élastique inférieure, et ils sont, par conséquent, plus sujets à des défauts tels que fissures ou encoches. De plus, ces aciers peuvent se fissurer sous l’influence d’une ambinace corrosive. On compare ici le comportement dans des conditions agressives, d’un acier de précontrainte C−Mn sous forme de barre ou de fil, de limites élastiques différentes, afin d’étudier l’influence, de ce paramètre du matériau sur la fissuration favorisée par l’hydrogène en milieux aqueux et, par suite, l’effet (bénéfique ou non) du procédé de tréfilage de ce point de vue particulier. Le programme expérimental consistait en une série d’essais de déformation à vitesse lente sur des éprouvettes pré-fissurées dans des conditions ambiantes variées. On a utilisé différentes charges de pré-fissuration en fatigue pour analyser l’influence de l’état de contrainte au voisingage de l’extrémité de la fissure sur le processus de fissuration favorisé par l’hydrogène. Les résultats confirment le fait bien connu, à sovoir que le fil tréfilé (acier de haute résistance) est davantage sujet à la fragilisation par l’hydrogène que la barre laminée à chaud (résistance plus basse), ce qui montre que le tréfilage réduit la résistance d’un acier de précontrainte à la fissuration favorisée par l’hydrogène. Dans la partie théorique, on propose un modèle de diffusion de l’hydrogène dans les métaux—qui tient compte des effets de la concentration en hydrogène et de la distribution des contraintes hydrostatiques—pour expliquer les résultats expérimentaux à partir de la courbe contrainte/déformation établie pour chaque matériau. On tient compte des contraintes en compression résiduelles qui se produisent au voisinage de l’extrémité de la fissure pendant le processus de pré-fissuration en fatigue, et qui sont modélisées selon les distributions de Rice pour un matériau élastique idéalement plastique. Le modèle permet d’expliquer les différentes susceptibilités à la fragilisation à l’hydrogène des deux formes d’acier de précontrainte à haute résistance (barre et fil): après la pré-fissuration en fatigue, la barre laminée à chaud présente une zone plastique plus large que le fil tréfilé, et l’hydrogène doit couvrir une plus longue distance avant d’atteindre le point critique, ce qui explique pourquoi la barre laminée est moins susceptible à la fragilisation à l’hydrogène.
    Notes: Abstract This paper compares the behaviour under aggressive environmental conditions of a prestressing steel in two forms (bar and wire) of different yield strengths, to investigate the influence of this material parameter on their susceptibility to hydrogen-assisted cracking in aqueous environments. Slow strain-rate tests using pre-cracked, specimens were performed under various environment conditions. Different fatigue pre-cracking loads were used to analyse the influence of the stress state in the vicinity of the crack tip on the hydrogen-assisted cracking process. The results confirm the well-known fact that the highest-strength steel is the most susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. A model of hydrogen diffusion in metals— including the effects of both hydrogen concentration and hydrostatic stress distribution—is proposed to explain these results on the basis of the stress-strain curve of the material. Consideration is given to compressive residual stresses induced in the vicinity of the crack tip during the fatigue pre-cracking process. The model is able to explain the different susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of the two steels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Inoculum density ; Lens esculenta ; methodology ; Sclerotium rolfsii ; soil borne pathogens ; southern blight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various physical factors on the assessment of disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii using field and artificially infested soils. Lentil(Lens esculenta Moench) seedlings growing in trays or pots with sand were inoculated by surrounding them with a layer of soil infested with the pathogen. The number of dead plants was maximal within a 10-day period following inoculation. Seedling mortality increased with the number of sclerotia in the soil to a maximum that depended on seedling spacing, depth of the soil layer, and soil type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 2289-2298 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The relevant role of hydrostatic stress in hydrogen diffusion in pearlitic steel is outlined from both theoretical and experimental points of view. The theoretical development offers the formulation of hydrogen diffusion equations where hydrogen flux density depends not only on the concentration gradient, but also on the hydrostatic stress distribution in the sample. The experimental programme consisted of slow strain-rate tests on axisymmetric notched samples at different strain rates under simultaneous hydrogen charging by cathodic polarization. The use of different notch geometries allows a study of the influence on hydrogen diffusion of the hydrostatic stress state in the vicinity of the notch tip. A specific microscopic mode of fracture different from classical cleavage was found, associated with hydrogen effects: the tearing topography surface. In the quasi-instantaneous tests, the value of hydrostatic stress at the sample boundary (just the notch tip) at the failure instant is relevant from the fracture point of view. In the quasi-static tests, the tearing topography surface depth equals that of the maximum hydrostatic stress point, and the maximum value of the stress triaxiality in each geometry (ratio of the hydrostatic to the equivalent stress, almost constant during the tests) seems to govern the diffusion process. These facts emphasize the relevant role of hydrostatic stress in the vicinity of the notch in hydrogen diffusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 53 (1992), S. 367-385 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents the calculation of stress intensity factor (K) solutions for surface cracks in the thread ground of bolts subjected to axial loading directly applied by the nut. The stress-strain computations have been done by means of the finite element method with quarter-point singular isoparametric elements along the crack front. The stress intensity factor is calculated through the stiffness derivative method, by using a virtual crack extension technique to compute the energy release rate. Two modifications are made to improve the accuracy of the results: the displacement not only of the main node, but also of the quarter-point nodes located in the normal plane and the adjacent nodes in the crack line, avoiding both the change of the singularity and the crack curving. The results show that direct loading on the thread flank by a nut increases the stress intensity factor. This effect decreases with the crack length. For the deepest circular cracks, however, nut loading relaxes the K-value, mainly at the crack surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (1992), S. 1151-1153 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (1992), S. 1085-1086 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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