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  • 1990-1994  (6)
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 70 (1993), S. 89-94 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The convoluted form of the sheet-like mammalian cortex naturally raises the question whether there is a simple geometrical reason for the prevalence of cortical architecture in the brains of higher vertebrates. Addressing this question, we present a formal analysis of the volume occupied by a massively connected network or processors (neurons) and then consider the pertaining cortical data. Three gross macroscopic features of cortical organization are examined: the segregation of white and gray matter, the circumferential organization of the gray matter around the white matter, and the folded cortical structure. Our results testify to the efficiency of cortical architecture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 7621-7623 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present an analysis of the local ac magnetic response in type-II superconductors as measured by a miniature Hall probe. The results show that the response is a function of the position of the probe even in a homogeneous sample. The local response in an inhomogeneous sample is further influenced by local variations of superconducting properties across the sample. Applications of this analysis in characterizing and mapping of inhomogeneities in a sample are illustrated. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6322-6327 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 crystals were irradiated with heavy ions (Pb, Xe) to produce columnar defects along the c direction or at 45° with respect to it. We describe the dependence of the critical currents, irreversibility fields, pinning force, and magnetic relaxation rates on the dose and on the type of ions. The irreversible properties of the Pb-irradiated samples are more enhanced than those of the Xe-irradiated sample at low temperatures, and vice versa at high temperatures. At low temperatures the efficiency of the columnar defects is enhanced with the ion dose but, at high temperatures, the maximum dose (2.5×1011 ions/cm2) is less efficient than intermediate doses. The unidirectional nature of the columnar pinning centers serves to demonstrate that the vortices maintain linelike features. For most of the irradiated samples, the pinning force density data are reduced to a single curve below 45 K. The relaxation rates at low temperatures reflect thermal reduction of the effective pinning barriers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurements of magnetization curves of Y-Ba-Cu-O crystals with columnar defects reveal pronounced peaks around H=0 for applied fields not parallel to the defect direction. The magnitude and direction of the remanent magnetization are independent of the direction of the applied field for a large range of angles. We show that the unidirectional character of the defects induces, in the low field limit, a flux-flop from a direction determined by the field to the defect direction. Implications to planar pinning are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5759-5761 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present evidence for the importance of Bean–Livingston (BL) barriers for field penetration into high-Tc crystals. The magnetization curves M(H) and the first field Hp for flux penetration were measured near the transition temperature Tc of untwinned Y-Ba-Cu-O crystal by using a miniature Hall probe. There are three observations that serve as evidence for the efficiency of BL barriers: (1) the magnetization was found to be almost zero on the descending branch of the magnetization loop; (2) The slope of Hp(T) exhibits a clear change close to Tc, being largest at Tc; (3) after introducing damage by irradiating the sample, both the field Hp and the width of the M(H) loops reduce significantly, showing almost reversible behavior for the sample. We explain these observations in terms of BL barriers which are shown to be especially important in high-Tc superconductors, and these could be responsible for the controversy of the Hc1 values reported previously in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 724-726 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a "memory'' effect in the response of sintered Y-Ba-Cu-O to alternating magnetic fields. The application of a steady bias field, above a certain threshold, causes the generation of harmonic components in the response. These harmonics persist after the field is removed, exhibiting a logarithmic decay with time. We explain these phenomena in the framework of the Bean model, taking into account the granularity of the sample. The memory phenomenon offers a principle for a new recording mechanism which may allow extremely high storage capacity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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