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  • 1985-1989  (8)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: FMAU ; fluorinated nucleoside ; neurologic toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary FMAU (1-[2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro-l-β-D-arabinofuranosyl]-5-methyluracil) a newly synthesized fluorinated nucleoside, has potent in vitro antiviral and antileukemic activity and is active in murine leukemia lines resistant to cytosine arabinoside. In the initial phase I trial neurotoxicity, characterized by extrapyramidal dysfunction, was found to be the dose-limiting toxic effect, and a dosage of 32 mg/m2/day for 5 days was suggested for phase II studies. We report a second phase I study of FMAU using this schedule. Mild, transient neurologic dysfunction was encountered in patients treated at the starting dose of 4 mg/m2/day × 5 days and became severe and irreversible in two patients who received the highest cumulative doses administered at the 8 mg/m2/day × 5 days level. Both severely affected patients died. Severe neurotoxicity developed and progressed in these patients despite serial neurologic examinations, including detailed neuropsychologic tests implemented in an effort to detect early neurotoxicity. Because of these findings, further study of this drug as an antileukemic agent cannot be recommended. If it is to be used as an antiviral agent, further phase I study at lower doses is advised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 985-995 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaction of (Z/E)-1-Aryl-4-arylmethylene-pyrrolidine-2,3,5-triones with Enaminocarbonyl CompoundsTreatment of the α, β-unsaturated ketones (Z/E)-1a-e with alicyclic or aliphatic enamines afforded cyclic Michael adducts 2 and 3a-e, respectively. By dehydration of the N,O-hemiacetals 3b-d the corresponding 1,4-dihydropyridines 4a-c were obtained.The acid-catalyzed reaction of aminosubstituted maleimides with (Z/E)-1e, aldehydes or indan-1,2,3-trione led to 5a-c, 6a-c, 7a-c and 8. O-Methylation of the aryl-bis(maleinimidyl)methanes 5c, 6c by using diazomethane gave 5d, 6d, whereas 5a cyclized spontaneously to the 1,4-dihydropyridine 9a. Further 1,4-dihydropyridines were prepared by cyclocondensation of 6a, b in the presence of ammonium acetate and oxidized to the pyridine derivative 10.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 599-606 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaction Behaviour of 2-Ethoxycarbonyl-3-hydroxy-N-phenyl-maleimideThe vinylogous acid 1 gives with amines under various conditions the ammonium salts 2a-f. 2-Ethoxycarbonyl-3-chloro-N-phenyl-maleinimide 5 obtained by the chlorination of 1 leads to N-substituted 2-ethoxycarbonyl-maleimides 6a-d and condensed heterocycles 7a, b.The reaction of 1 with 2-methylindol forms 8a, b or gives with methyleneactive compounds 2-ethoxycarbonyl-maleimide 9 and the pyridonimide 10.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 607-616 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis and Reaction Behaviour of 2-Arylhydrazono-N-phenyl-succinimides2-Arylhydrazono-N-phenyl-succinimides 4a-f are prepared by the heating of 2-ethoxycarbonyl-3-hydroxy-N-phenyl-maleimid 1 with arylhydrazines or ammonium salts 2a-c in acetic acid. The Knoevenagel condensation of the methyleneactive compound 4a with aldehydes in the presence of pyridine forms the corresponding Z-isomers 5a-e.The succinimides 4a-c are deprotonated to the anions 6a-c, which with heterocumulenes give the new keten-S,S- and keten-S,N-acetals 7a-c, 8a-c and (Z/E)-9a, b. The intramolecular cyclization of 7b and (Z/E)-9b leads to 1,5-disubstituted pyrazol-3,4-dicarboxylic imides 10a, b. Further derivatives of these heterocyclic series are available by a base promoted opening of the imid ring.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 626-636 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of (Z/E)-1-Aryl-4-arylmethylene-pyrrolidine-2,3,5-triones and Reactions with HeteronucleophilesThe condensation reaction of 2-hydroxy-maleimides 1 prepared in situ from 2-ethoxycarbonyl-3-hydroxy-maleimide 2 or the amide ester 3 with aldehydes afforded in a one-pot procedure the (Z/E)-1-aryl-4-arylmethylene-pyrrolidine-2,3,5-triones 5a-k in good yields.Acid catalyzed treatment of the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (Z/E)-5a, c, g with bifunctional nucleophiles such as thiourea and phenylthiourea gave the derivatives of 1,3-thiazine-2-ones 8a-d respectively, while (Z/E)-5f and urea produced the pyrimidine-2-ones 9. Under the insemicarbacide led to the formation of the (Z/E)-isomers 10a-f.Triethyl phosphite added in a Michael fashion to yield the novel 3-aryl-2,2,2-triethoxy-Δ4-oxaphospholene-4,5-dicarboxylic imides 11a-c.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 637-648 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of (Z/E)-1-Aryl-4-arylmethylene-pyrrolidine-2,3,5-triones with Methylene Active CompoundsThe cyclization of the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (Z/E)-1a, b with propanedinitrile led to the corresponding 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyrans 2a, b. Stable phosphorus containing compounds 3a-c were prepared by Michael type addition between methoxycarbonylmethylene triphenylphosphorane and (Z/E)-1a, c, d in good yields.From (Z/E)-1a, b and dimedone or 2-hydroxy-maleimide Michael adducts 5a, b, 6a were obtained, which converted into 5c, 6b by alkylation with diazomethane or gave different types of heterocycles (7, 8a, b) depending on the reaction conditions.Cyclocondensation of (Z/E)-1b with cycloalkanones in the presence of ammonium acetate formed 4-aryl-1,4-dihydro-cycloalkeno[b]pyridines 9a-c.Further it was shown that the bicyclic 1,4-dihydro-pyridine derivatives 8b and 10, which easily undergo oxidation with CrO3 or air oxygen, were intermediates in the formation of the heteroaromatic compounds 11, 12.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 331 (1989), S. 573-583 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of S-(1-Benzoyl-2-bis-methylthio)-vinyl N,N-Pentamethylene-thiocarbamates and Their Reactions with N-NucleophilesThe S-(1-benzoyl-2-bis-methylthio)-vinyl-N,N-pentamethylene-thiocarbamates 3a-d are synthesized by reaction of S-phenacyl-N,N-pentamethylene-thiocarbamates (1a-d) with carbon disulfide under phase-transfer conditions. These compounds 3a-d and the dithiocarbamates 5a-d react with N-nucleophiles forming the ketene-S,N-acetals 6-14, the S-phenacyl α-(imidazolidine-2-ylidene)-N,N-pentamethylene-thio- or -dithiocarbamates 15-22, S-(substituted pyrazol-4-yl)- 23-28 and S-(substituted isoxazol-4-yl)-N,N-pentamethylene-thio- or -dithiocarbamates 39-46, respectively.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 328 (1986), S. 215-221 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of Geminal Dithiolates with (Z)-1,4-Dichloro-but-2-eneGeminal dithiolates 2 and 7 react with (Z)-1,4-dichloro-but-2-ene either to give 4-vinyl-1,3-dithiolanes 3 or 4, 7-dihydro-1,3-dithiepines 4 and 8, respectively. Another method for the synthesis of 4 and 8 is the reaction of ketene dichlorides 5 or isocyanide dichloride 9 with the disodium salt of (Z)-but-2-ene-1,4-dithiol. The formation of the corresponding 1,3-dithiolanes can be excluded in these cases. 1H- and 13C-n.m.r. spectra are in accordance with the structures and are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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