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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Parasitological serodiagnosis ; Specificity ; Autoimmune disorders ; Neoplasms ; HIV infection ; AIDS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sera from 120 patients with rheumatological disorders, neoplastic disease, infectious mononucleosis, and HIV infection, and from 30 healthy blood donors were tested for nonspecific reactivity in 13 routinely used parasite serological tests. Responses were detected in 3/30 healthy blood donors (10%) vs 25/120 patients (21%). Of 40 responses in these 28 responders most were weakly reactive, and 25 out of 40 responses were only at borderline level. Response rates were highest in patients with mononucleosis presumably due to heterophile antibodies. Only four patients had responses in at least two different serodiagnostic tests for the same parasitic infection. Response patterns indicative of a possible underlying, concurring, or superimposed parasitic infection, thus, were rare. Especially susceptible to nonspecific reactivity seemed to be immunofluorescent antibody tests for filariasis, schistosomiasis, and amebiasis. In conclusion, compared to healthy controls, false-positive serological responses seem to be more frequent in certain disease groups dependent on the test methods used. Second, the use of more than one serodiagnostic test for the same parasitic disease will substantially facilitate the identification of nonspecific reactivity. Third, for better defining the specificity of parasitological serodiagnosis, more studies should include control sera from patients with nonparasitic diseases that frequently show immunological abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 773-780 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Streptococci ; Septicemia ; Acute leukemia ; High dose cytosine arabinoside
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-nine adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia AML who received 40 treatment courses with high dose cytosine arabinoside (HD-A), alone or combined with other cytotoxic drugs, for remission induction (RI) or postremission intensive consolidation (IC) were retrospectively analysed for types and severity of infectious complications. In this paper, we report the unusually high rate of streptococcal septicemia in our patients. Of 13 bacteremic infections in a total of 45 infectious episodes, 10 were caused by streptococci (9 viridans streptococci, 1 group B hemolytic streptococcus). Three of them were lethal. After reviewing all documented cases of streptococcal septicemia in the same study period, four additional cases among adult patients with AML were identified. Three of them have had antileukemic chemotherapy without HD-A, while one have had HD-A as a conditioning regimen for bone marrow transplantation. Only three cases were documented to occur in adult patients with AML. Patients treated with HD-A for RI or IC had a significantly lower risk of streptococcal septicemia during previous chemotherapy-associated febrile neutropenic episodes (1/55 vs 10/45;P=0.01). Neither prophylactic regimens including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole nor those without it were effective in preventing streptococcal septicemia. Further studies are needed to confirm these data before the value of additional or alternative prophylactic antibiotics is proven necessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Combinatorica 9 (1989), S. 145-152 
    ISSN: 1439-6912
    Keywords: 05 B 35
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The matroid matching problem (also known as matroid parity problem) has been intensively studied by several authors. Starting from very special problems, in particular the matching problem and the matroid intersection problem, good characterizations have been obtained for more and more general classes of matroids. The two most recent ones are the class of representable matroids and, later on, the class of algebraic matroids (cf. [4] and [2]). We present a further step of generalization, showing that a good characterization can also be obtained for the class of socalled pseudomodular matroids, introduced by Björner and Lovász (cf. [1]). A small counterexample is included to show that pseudomodularity still does not cover all matroids that behave well with respect to matroid matching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 37 (1986), S. 219-226 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir betrachten Lineare Programme der Form {maxcx|1≤Ax≤b,L≤x≤U} mit nichtnegativen Vektorenl,b,L,U und einer 0–1 MatrixA, die von “Manhattan Skyline” Form ist, d. h. der Träger jeder Zeile vonA ist im Träger jeder folgenden Zeile enthalten. Wir stellen einenO(nm+nlogn)-Algorithmus zur Lösung solcher Probleme vor und untersuchen seinen Anwendungsbereich.
    Notes: Abstract We consider LP's of the form max {cx|l≤Ax≤b, L≤x≤U} where,l,b,L,U are nonnegative andA is a 0–1 matrix which looks like “Manhattan Skyline”, i.e. the support of each row is contained in the support of every subsequent row. AnO(nm+nlogn) algorithm is presented for solving the problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 6 (1987), S. 670-673 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two cases of bacteremic infection due to aerococci in granulocytopenic patients with acute leukemia and oral mucositis are described. Strains isolated from blood cultures of both patients were resistant to the antibiotics given orally for prophylaxis. One patient died in septic shock; surveillance cultures from oral washings in the other repeatedly showed high concentrations of aerococci. Aerococci were also isolated from surveillance cultures taken from 5 of 17 other patients with acute leukemia; however, their viable counts were lower than in the surviving patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 225 (1987), S. 198-205 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract β-Carotene, canthaxanthin, and β-carotene plus canthaxanthin were administered to “chinchilla bastard” pigmented rabbits in their rabbit diet (approximately 200 ppm carotenoid per group). The effect of the carotenoids on retinal function and morphology was tested against a control group in the course of 11 months. Electroretinography showed that in contrast to the control animals, β-carotene-treated rabbits produced increasing peak latencies of the scotopicb-waves. In the canthaxanthin-treated rabbits,a- andb-waves showed hypernormal amplitudes at low cumulative dosages (approximately 0.5–2 g) and reduced amplitudes at higher dosages (about 5 g). The peak latencies of the scotopica- andb-waves increased remarkably. This effect was still stronger in the carotenoid combination. Histology and electron microscopy indicated that in contrast to the control animals, canthaxanthin-treated rabbits showed a reduction in retinal thickness in some samples. In particular, they exhibited alterations in the granular layers and a marked diminuation of the photoreceptor outer segments and morphological alterations of the photoreceptor inner segments with massive deposition of electron-dense material. In all animals treated with carotenoids, lipid droplets of the retinal pigment epithelium were enlarged in size and number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 225 (1987), S. 346-350 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight “chinchilla bastard” pigmented rabbits were treated intravenously with sonicated phospholipid liposomes (SUV) consisting predominantly of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (PC). Four rabbits were treated with canthaxanthin incorporated into PC liposomes in a single injection and fractionated over a period of 19 days. The total amount of PC used was a single dose of 260 mg administered as a 50-ml suspension and 13.7 mg/fraction given as a 5-ml suspension. The total amount of canthaxanthin used was a single 40 mg as a 50-ml suspension and 2.1 mg/fraction as 5-ml suspension. Electroretinography showed that canthaxanthin produced a depression of thea-waves and prolongation of the scotopica- andb-wave peak latencies. A single high-dose injection of PC and PC plus canthaxanthin resulted in a transitory reduction in ERG amplitudes. A single injection of PC and canthaxanthin also produced hypernormala-waves within the recovery time. Electron microscopy demonstrated that in contrast to the controls (PC), the canthaxanthin-treated rabbits showed alterations in the RPE/photoreceptor complex, indicating that these layers are the primary site of canthaxanthin effects on the retina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 224 (1986), S. 118-121 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A light and electron-microscopical study was performed on six lenses harboring anterior capsular cataract. The cataracts are typically divided by numerous sheets of basement membranes that merge with the lenticular capsule at the edge of the cataract. Basally, the cataract may or may not be bounded by a basement membrane. Myofibroblastlike cells may be observed, apparently traversing the basal border of the capsular cataract. Within the substance of the lens, isolated aggregations of collagenous material are present. Degenerating cells or collagenous aggregations are situated within the lenticular capsule. It is suggested that this configuration arises through the merging of basement membrane systems, surrounding the cells within the cataract, with the lenticular capsule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 227 (1989), S. 392-400 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract With a mode-locked Nd:YAG laser set at various energy levels, anterior and posterior capsular and cortical lesions were produced in the lens of rabbits. Biomicroscopic and Scheimpflug examinations showed the anterior lesion to be healing in a whitish scar that was restricted to the area of the original lesion. Histology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated the proliferation of epithelial cells that produced a new, continuous, basement membrane-like capsule. In the area of the lesion collagenous material, myofibroblast-like cells and macrophages were found. Laser-induced lesions in the posterior lens capsule and lens protein resulted in damage to the capsule and grey opacity of the lenticular proteins, which remained unchanged for 6 weeks. Neither inflammatory nor epithelial cells appeared within the locally damaged lens. Macrophages migrated from the vitreous into the lesion; they were observed either in intercellular clefts or within a lens fibre, almost completely taking up their cross section.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer randomisierten multizentrischen Studie wurden 51 Patienten mit akuter Leukämie, die sich einer aggressiven Chemotherapie zur Remissionsinduktion unterzogen, mit Ciprofloxacin oder Norfloxacin, jeweils in zwei unterschiedlichen Dosierungen und in Kombination mit einem nicht resorbierbaren Antimykotikum, zur Infektionsprävention behandelt. Mit beiden Substanzen wurde eine effektive Elimination potentiell pathogener gram-negativer Bakterien undStaphylococcus aureus erreicht, während die anaerobe Darmflora nicht beeinflußt wurde. Es wurde nur eine geringe Inzidenz von Nebenwirkungen bei zufriedenstellender Patientencompliance beobachtet. Als Tagesdosis zur Infektionsprävention bei schwer granulozytopenischen Patienten sollten 1000 mg Ciprofloxacin oder 800 mg Norfloxacin verabreicht werden.
    Notes: Summary In a randomized multicenter study, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, each in two different dose regimens and in combination with non-absorbable antimycotics, were administered to 51 patients with acute leukaemia undergoing aggressive remission induction chemotherapy for infection prevention. Both drugs showed an effective elimination of gram-negative potential pathogens andStaphylococcus aureus not affecting the anaerobic flora of the gastrointestinal tract. A low incidence of side effects and a satisfactory patient compliance could be observed. A daily dosage of 1,000 mg ciprofloxacin or 800 mg norfloxacin is recommended for infection prevention in severely granulocytopenic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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