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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The position of the left and right ventricular outlets during septation (1986)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 175 (1986), S. 147-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Heart separation ; Aorta ; Pulmonary trunk ; Heart development ; Chicken ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A comparative study was made of the relative position of the outflow tracts of chicken and rat hearts with respect to the ventricles during septation. For this purpose the position of the left and right ventricular outlet including the aortic and pulmonary valve primordia and the left and right ventricle were established with respect to the midsagittal plane of the embryo, using reconstructions of serial sections of chicken (stage 28–30) and rat (stage 28–30) embryos. In the chicken embryo no rotation of the outflow tract occurs, i.e. the position of the aortic and pulmonary valve primordia with respect to the left and right ventricle remains the same. In the rat embryo a clockwise rotation of the aortic and pulmonary valve primordia with respect to the ventricles does occur. This is in fact a detorsion. The left and right ventricle and the left ventricular outlet do not show change in position with regard to the midsagittal plane. The left ventricular outlet always straddles the interventricular septum, both lying in the midsagittal plane. These interspecies differences in the degree of detorsion of the outflow channels before septation may explain the differences in the extent of the region of contact between the endocardial outflow tract ridges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315465
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isomyosin expression patterns in tubular stages of chicken heart development: a 3-D immunohistochemical analysis (1987)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 177 (1987), S. 81-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Myosin heavy chain ; Immunohistochemistry ; Heart development ; Conductive tissue ; Pattern formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The 3-D distribution of atrial and ventricular isomyosins is analysed in tubular chicken hearts (stage 12+ to 17 (H/H)) using antibodies specific for adult chicken atrial and ventricular myosin heavy chains, respectively. At stage 12+ (H/H) all myocytes express the atrial isomyosin; furthermore, all myocytes except those originally situated in the dorsolateral wall of the sinu-atrium coexpress the ventricular isomyosin as well. Moreover, it appears that recently incorporated myocardial cells at both ends of the heart tube start with a coexpression of both isomyosins. From stage 14 (H/H) onwards a regional loss of expression of one of either isomyosins is observed in the atrial and ventricular compartment. In this way the single isomyosin expression types that are characteristic for the adult working myocardium of the atria and ventricles arise. So, the isomyosin expression patterns are, unexpectedly, hardly useful to discriminate the different heart parts of the tubular heart. The ventricle, defined by its adult type of isomyosin expression, is even not detectable before stage 14 (H/H). Interestingly, interconnected coexpression areas, which may be precursor conductive tissues, are still present at stage 17 (H/H) in the outflow tract, the ventricular trabeculae, the atrio-ventricular transitional zone and in the sinuatrium. The pattern of isomyosin coexpression was found to correlate with a peristaltoid contraction and a slow conduction velocity, whereas single expression areas correlate with a synchronous contraction and a relatively fast conduction velocity. The possible implications of the changing isomyosin pattern for the differentiation of the tubular myocardium, in particular in relation to the development of the conductive tissues, will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325291
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noradrenergic innervation of developing rat and spiny mouse liver (1988)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 178 (1988), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Liver development ; Adrenergic innervation ; Enzymic zonation ; Rat ; Spiny mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The development of noradrenergic innervation of rat liver was studied with a polyclonal antiserum against noradrenaline. Nerves are first seen in the larger portal vessels at day 1 after birth and reach their final distribution at 5 days after birth i.e. at the same time as the establishment of the acinar architecture and the heterogeneous distribution of NH3-metabolizing enzymes. The latter distribution of nerves is already seen at birth in the liver of the closely related but precocial spiny mouse. This shows that the onset of extrinsic sympathetic innervation is regulated by the developmental stage of the animal rather than by adaptation to extrauterine life. Chemical sympathectomy at birth with 6-hydroxydopamine did not eliminate the developmental appearance of heterogeneous distributions of NH3-metabolizing enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02463651
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The lining of the gut in the developing rat embryo (1987)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 176 (1987), S. 259-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Embryo ; Endoderm ; Hypoblast ; Notochord ; Gut formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A light microscopical study of the morphogenesis of the gut in the rat embryo was undertaken to provide a careful map of temporal changes in the topographical relations of the (definitive) endoderm, the notochord and the hypoblast (primary endoderm). The borderline between the (definitive) endoderm and the hypoblast that appears upon gastrulation defines the lateral extension of the future gut epithelium. Within this initially semiglobular disk, the foregut and hindgut originate sequentially as blind, rapidly growing pouches. Upon the turning of the embryo, the hardly growing peripheral part of the disk becomes located in the vitelline duct. Within the head process, endodermal and notochordal cells could not be separately identified. However, slightly more posteriorly notochordal cells are seen to become embedded into the endoderm of the foregut during gastrulation. This process is not seen over the hindgut and may explain why the detachment of the notochord from the (fore) gut begins caudally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310060
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of glutamine synthetase and transient co-expression with carbamoylphosphate synthetase in hepatocytes transplanted into fat pads of syngeneic hosts (1989)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 92 (1989), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isolated rat hepatocytes were transplanted into the interscapular and both anterior lateral fat pads of hepatectomized syngeneic rats. At various time points following transplantation, the fat pads were removed, fixed and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections were stained for glutamine synthetase (GS) and carbamoylphosphate synthetase (CPS) using specific antisera and the PAP technique. The initially low fraction of GS+-heptatocytes remained low up to the fourth day, then increased strikingly up to almost 100% and declined gradually after the 14th day. In contrast, the number of CPS+-cells declined continuously to about 30% after 28 days. If the animals were exposed to CCl4 prior to the isolation of the hepatocytes in order to reduce the number of GS+-cells in the initial cell suspension similar results were obtained and no difference in the probability of the colony formation was noted between this and the normal hepatocyte suspensions indicating that the appearance of the GS+-phenotype was not due to a selective survival of these cells. Analysis of the staining intensity of the transplanted hepatocytes revealed the appearance of two populations of GS+-hepatocytes, one with a strong and one with a weak staining, during the course of formation of larger nodules, while only a single weakly stained population could be discerned with respect to the staining for CPS. These results demonstrate that all hepatocytes or at least their descendents can be induced to express GS by the environmental conditions of the fat pads, and that GS and CPS can be co-expressed with an apparently reciprocal relationship.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500550
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toward computerized morphometric facilities: A review of 58 software packages for computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction, quantification, and picture generation from parallel serial sections (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 216 (1986), S. 449-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This review gives an inventory of 58 computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction applications in the domain of biomedical research. It is devoted to the formulation of a set of recommendations thought to be necessary for improved performance of software packages in this field. These recommendations can be used to select packages and to guide future developments of existing reconstruction systems.The survey is restricted to three-dimensional reconstructions based upon a series of parallel sections of an object. Subjects treated are programming languages, resolution and sampling, input preparation, realignment, local deformation of slices, numerical quantifications, topological complexity, internal representation, display complexity (hidden surfaces, shading, smoothing), structure extraction, descriptive elements, database, data compression, time efficiency of systems and algorithms, hardware configuration, input devices, input media, interactive aids, display devices, and output devices. Information for this survey comes from articles that appeared between 1965 and 1985.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092160402
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