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  • 1985-1989  (3)
Material
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 2976-2985 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The contribution to the friction coefficient of a charged spherical polyion diffusing in an ionic solution due to its interactions with the electrolyte ions is calculated, in the absence of hydrodynamic interactions, starting from a formal expression for ζel previously derived by Medina-Noyola and Vizcarra-Rendón. It is shown that such a formal expression can be given a particularly simple form in terms of the equilibrium distribution neqi(r) of the small ions around the tracer, which allows us to study effects ignored in Debye–Hückel level theories. We consider, for example, the effect of a finite size of the small ions and nonlinear contributions to ζel on the polyion charge. We show that the correct Debye–Hückel limit differs from Schurr's result for ζel, and the source of the disagreement is clearly exposed. The results derived here for ζel are not restricted in the number of species of electrolyte ions or in their charges or mobilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 82 (1985), S. 4656-4661 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A mixture of charged hard spheres (restricted primitive model) with an attractive Yukawa tail added to represent van der Waals forces between the ions is considered as a model of molten salts. The location of the critical point of the gas–liquid phase transition is followed as a function of the strength A of the attractive term. It is found that the critical density increases with increasing A, but that a quantitative agreement between the theoretical results and the available experimental estimates of the critical constants for alkali halides requires the use of an effective dielectric constant greater than unity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 2560-2568 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effects of a finite size of the small ions (counterions and ions of 1–1 electrolytes added to the supporting solution) on the structural properties of solutions of spherical micelles are studied. This study is based on the primitive model of the solution and the mean spherical approximation. The structure obtained using the primitive model is contrasted with that of the one component macrofluid model for these systems. At high ionic strengths, interesting effects are observed in the short-range correlations between the macroparticles, directly related with the finite size of the small ions. Similar effects are also observed on the structure of the electrical double layer around each macroparticle. The consequences of these results for the interpretation of recent neutron scattering experiments from ionic micellar systems are briefly discussed. It is found that for small amounts of added salt a given experimental structure factor can be reproduced with a smaller effective charge on a micelle in the present model than in the previously used one-component macrofluid model. For large amounts of added salt, however, the finite size of the small ions may give rise to the opposite trend.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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