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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MELAS) ; Mitochondrial angiopathy ; Smooth muscle and endothelial cells ; Pial arteriole and small artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied cerebral blood vessels of two autopsied patients with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). All the main cerebral arteries in the proximal portion at the brain base and more distal portion at the cortical surface, as well as within the brain parenchyma were examined by electron microscopy. There was a striking increase in number of mitochondria in the smooth muscle and endothelial cells, which were most prominent in the pial arterioles and small arteries up to 250 μm in diameter and less frequent and severe in the larger pial arteries and intracerebral arterioles and small arteries. These vascular changes have not hitherto been described in MELAS, or in other disorders affecting blood vessels of the brain and other organs. It is suggested that the vascular changes are caused by primary mitochondrial dysfunction in the vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells of the brain and that they constitute the pathogenic base of the brain lesions and their unusual distribution pattern in MELAS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 73 (1987), S. 25-31 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Hypoglossal nerve ; Morphometrical analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The peripheral hypoglossal nerves in 13 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and five control cases were examined using morphometrical methods to demonstrate the degenerative process of motor nerve degeneration. The total number of myelinated fibers and their histograms were analyzed according to the degree of severity of the degeneration. Reduction of the total number of myelinated fibers in ALS hypoglossal nerves were graded in three groups: mild 65%–75%, moderate 50%–65% and severe 30%–50% of the myelinated fibers in controls. Each histogram of the remaining myelinated fibers showed different patterns corresponding to the degree of the degeneration and disclosed that the progressive reduction of large myelinated fibers was the fundamental change. Small myelinated fibers were not reduced, but increased, especially in the group with a moderate grade of degeneration. In plastic section, there were clusters of regenerated myelinated fibers. The transient increase of small myelinated fibers may be a reflexion of myelinated fiber regeneration during the progressive degenerative process of the motor neurons. The correlation between the degree of severity of the hypoglossal nerve degeneration and the atrophy of the tongue muscle and the duration of bulbar symptoms was examined and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Multifocal muscular fibrosis ; Obstructured vessels ; Ischemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This is the first autopsy case report of a syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance, muscular atrophy, contracture, skin eruption, hyper γ-globulinemia, decreased subcutaneous fat, mental retardation and abnormal ECG findings. Skeletal muscles showed severe, discrete, multifocal muscular fibrosis which replaced several primary fasciculi. The tongue, heart and extraocular muscles showed identical but less severe findings. In the involved muscle fasciculi, veins and venules as well as arteries and arterioles showed medial hyperplasia and luminal constriction. Degeneration of endothelial cells of arterioles and narrowing of the lumen of terminal arterioles by the debris were observed. The peripheral nerves in the muscles were relatively well preserved. The correlation and pathogenesis of these findings are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 452-455 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Cytochrome P450 enzymes ; Sparteine sulphate ; Nitro-oxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activity of detoxication with the cytochrome P450 family of enzymes was studied in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The metabolic ratio (MR) of sparteine sulphate was measured, and the population of phenotypes for sparteine nitro (N)-oxidation was determined in 30 patients with ALS and 41 controls for the assay of the sparteine N-oxidation by the cytochrome P450 enzymes. A lower MR and higher frequency of efficient metabolizers were observed in the ALS group, suggesting that there is efficient sparteine N-oxidation by cytochrome P450 pathways in ALS. This tendency was more marked in 15 patients with ALS aged under 60 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 341 (1989), S. 41-42 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We synthesized samples of Y1_xCaxBa2Cu4O8 (x = 0-0.1) using a high-oxygen-pressure technique. After mixing starting materials of Y2O3, Ba(NO3)2, CuO and CaCO3, the samples were fired at 900 °C in flowing oxygen for 12 h, and then ground. The resulting powder was compacted into a rectangular ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Adrenomyeloneuropathy ; Female carrier ; Sural nerve ; Endoneurial cell ; Cytoplasmic lamellar inclusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A family with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) is reported, whose female carriers showed severe neurological and biochemical abnormalities. Cytoplasmic lamellar inclusions were found in endoneurial cells of the biopsied sural nerve of a male patient. In spite of the peripheral nervous system involvement in patients with AMN, there have been few reports of these inclusions in the peripheral nerves of such cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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