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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) ; C57BL/6J mouse ; Tyrosine hydroxylase ; Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase ; Dopamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemical studies of monoamme neurons werè performed to evaluate toxic effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on young adult mice and compare them with chose of their offspring. Mice, 9–11 weeks old (C57BL/6J), injected subcutaneously with a large dose of MPTP (17 mg/kg per day) during pregnancy on Day 9 and 12 of gestation (G9 and G12) miscarried and were examined at 13 weeks of age. Conversely, mice treated during pregnancy with sequential low dose of MPTP (2.8 mg/kg per day at G9–G17 for 8 days) successfully delivered their babies and were examined at the age of 15 weeks. Baby mice were examined at 1 and 6 weeks of age. The tyrosine hydroxylase-, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase-and dopamine (DA)-immunoreactive density of caudoputamen was reduced in 13-week-old mice treated with high dose of MPTP but not in the 15-week-old mothers exposed to a low dose of MPTP as compared to their respective controls. The DA-immunoreactive density of the caudoputamen was the only staining that was reduced in both 1- and 6-week-old baby mice. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that MPTP injected to pregnant mice causes a DA depletion in the striatum of their offspring indicating a transplacental effect of MPTP. The findings also indicate that fetal brain is more susceptible to MPTP toxicity than the brain of young pregnant mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4589-4593 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The influence of deposition pressure on epitaxial crystalline film quality has been investigated with respect to vapor-phase silicon epitaxial growth (SiH2Cl2-H2 system). It is shown that the crystalline film quality has been improved by reducing the deposition pressure. In addition, a prebaking process at reduced pressure has been found to be effective for obtaining single-crystalline silicon films with atmospheric pressure deposition as well as reduced pressure deposition. The deposition temperature can be lowered down to 930 °C with perfect crystalline film by reducing the deposition pressure. The crystalline quality of epitaxial films grown at a low temperature of 930 °C using the reduced pressure technique has been verified to be excellent by fabricating bipolar transistors with an oxide isolation technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Three cases of basal cell epithelioma were studied with light and electron microscopy. Myofibroblasts, some containing melanosomes, were observed in the stroma of the tumors. The significance of these cells in the tumor is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 77 (1989), S. 531-540 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) ; Adaptation ; Flocculus ; Purkinje cell ; Plasticity ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The responsiveness of floccular Purkinje cells to head oscillations was examined in alert pigmented rabbits subjected to adaptation of horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (HVOR) under three different combinations of turntable and screen oscillations. Purkinje cells involved in the HVOR control (H-zone cells) were identified by local stimulation effects that induced horizontal eye movements. In control states, simple spike discharages of H-zone cells were modulated predominantly out of phase with the velocity of sinusoidal turntable oscillation (0.1 Hz, 5° peak-to-peak). A sustained 180° outphase combination (5° turntable and 5° screen oscillation) was found to increase the average HVOR gain by 0.16, at which point the majority of H-zone cells increased the outphase simple spike modulation. A sustained inphase combination (5° turntable and 5° screen oscillation) decreased the average HVOR gain by 0.09, with the majority of H-zone cells decreasing the outphase simple spike modulation or becoming converted to the inphase modulation. With a vision-reversal combination (5° turntable and 10° screen oscillation), there was no change in the gain of the HVOR, but a moderate advancement in the phase. In this case, H-zone cells showed no appreciable changes in their simple spike modulation. Complex spike discharges of all H-zone cells tested were modulated in response to optokinetic stimuli involved in the combinations of turntable and screen oscillations. These results support the hypothesis that H-zone cells adaptively control HVOR dynamic characteristics through modification of mossy fiber responsiveness to head oscillation under influences of retinal error signals conveyed by climbing fiber afferents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 77 (1989), S. 541-551 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Adaptation ; Optokinetic response (OKR) ; Vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) ; Flocculus ; Purkinje cell ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sustained sinusoidal oscillation of a striped cylindrical screen around a stationary, alert pigmented rabbit with certain parameters (for 4h, 5°, 7.5°, or 10° peak-to-peak, 0.1 or 0.2 Hz) adaptively modified not only the horizontal optokinetic response (HOKR) but also the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (HVOR). The major effects thus obtained during 4 h were an increase in the HOKR gain by 0.23, and that of the HVOR gain by 0.18. Bilateral destruction of floccular Purkinje cells with microinjection of kainic acid abolished these effects on both HOKR and HVOR. Single unit activities of floccular Purkinje cells were recorded from the floccular areas related to horizontal eye movements (H-zone) with local stimulus effects. Most H-zone Purkinje cells normally exhibited modulation of simple spike discharge in phase with screen velocity and out of phase with turntable velocity. Sustained screen oscillation (7.5°, 0.1 Hz) for 1 h increased the simple spike responses not only to screen but also to turntable oscillation. No such changes were observed in other floccular areas. These observations suggest that sustained optokinetic stimulations induce adaptation of HVOR through an interaction of retinal slip and head velocity signals within the flocculus or its related neuronal tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 73 (1988), S. 489-497 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Optokinetic response (OKR) ; Adaptation ; Flocculus ; Purkinje cell ; Plasticity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single unit spike activities of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar flocculus were examined during sustained horizontal sinusoidal oscillation (0.33 Hz, 2.5° peak-to-peak) of a striped screen around an alert pigmented rabbit. The floccular area specifically related to horizontal reflex eye movement (H-zone) was identified by means of local stimulation that induced abduction of the ipsilateral eye. In control states, simple spike discharge of most of the H-zone Purkinje cells was enhanced by backward screen movement and depressed by forward screen movement, while complex spike discharge was modulated reciprocally. After one-hour sustained oscillation of the screen, the gain of horizontal optokinetic eye movement response (HOKR) increased by 0.16 on average. Correspondingly, simple spike modulation in most of H-zone Purkinje cells tested significantly increased in amplitude, while complex spike modulation tended to decrease. No such systematic changes were observed in other Purkinje cells. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the floccular H-zone Purkinje cells adaptively control the optokinetic eye movement through modification of the visual mossy fiber responsiveness under the influence of the retinal error signals conveyed by the visual climbing pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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