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  • 1985-1989  (6)
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 36 (1986), S. 63-88 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The digital remote sensing classification procedure applied to the lakes Pyhäjärvi (near Säkylä), Koskeljärvi and Köyliönjärvi in southwestern Finland is based on spectral reflectances. The aquatic surfaces were divided into five categories consisting of eleven classes connected with water depth, water turbidity, nature of the bottom and the aquatic vegetation. Generalization of this classification over other water areas of different types allowed the authors to evaluate the usefulness, value and accuracy of the classification. All water areas, although representing different types, were rationally categorized into five main types, although some pairs among the eleven classes were slightly confused, or became ambiguous. Hydrolittoral and aquatic Landsat MSS remote sensing seems to be useful for parametric mapping under circumstances in which field data collected from a small number of reference areas are to be extrapolated to apply to other areas within a single MSS frame. Some supplementary test field inspections and background information would be required, however, in order to guarantee that the primary reference areas were representative enough, or if not, to indicate the variety of aquatic areas classified together. With these restrictions, the machine-processed remote sensing would result in a practical and economical mapping procedure which should, as a next step, be developed for temporal studies in view of the longterm nature of the Landsat project.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 45 (1989), S. 237-263 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The two small planitiae south of Fortuna Tessera define distinct crustal units not very unlike to small crustal plates or subplates. The mobile transformation zone between Fortuna Tessera and Allat Planitia is caused by colliding crustal plates and evidently indicates the mobilization of the planitia unit foiled by the parquet terrain. Ridges parallel to this zone and in dextral ridge groups on planitia support the idea of the main N(W)-S(E) compression. Allat Planitia has been pushed approximately from the south and southeast against Fortuna Tessera which, in contrary, has spreaded to the southeast. Within the smaller planitia there are two conjugate ridge sets and a third ridge set parallel to the parquet border. The crossing ridge sets favour the existence of a compressional NW-SE force, as do the N-S directed ridges of the middle planitia area. At least three tectonic phases within Allat Planitia can be found. The main compression was in N(W)-S(E) direction. Prominent right-handed en echelon ridge groups and long parallel ridges of the northern planitia area indicate this comrpessional environment as well as the transformation zone against Fortuna Tessera. Short dome-like ridges indicate the tension gash opening during a NW-SE compression phase. An E-W (or NWW-SEE) compression resulted in the formation of the long linear wrinkle ridge-like N-S structures on Allat Planitia. The NW-SE compression, which has caused the formation of the dextral, E-W oriented major fault, was then the youngest of the main tectonic phases involved within the area studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 46 (1989), S. 243-260 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mare ridges were caused by compressional tectonics and indicate the shortening of the planum surface foiled by lavas. At least two separate tectonic phases within Syrtis Major Planum can be found. The two central calderas are located on the southwestern continuation of the Nili Fossae graben zone at the junction of the N-S and NW-SE mare ridge sets. These central calderas were formed by surface collapses into relatively shallow magma chambers. Radial and concentric mare ridges around the two calderas represent a shortened surface environment within the large compressional megacaldera. Shortening was caused by sinking of the crust due to the lava load, plumbing of the magma chambers and cooling of the interiors. The main NW-SE ridge trend parallels highland faults of the major structural zone extending from Hesperia Planum to Vastitas Borealis. These NW-SE ridges indicate the large scale areal tectonic trend along the Scopulus Oenotria - Phison Rupes fault zone and support the idea of a main SW-NE compression. The N-S directed mare ridges of the northern planum area favour a change in compressional stress direction from SW-NE in the south to E-W in the northern planum, obviously due to the buried local topography. These linear mare ridges can also be interpreted as forming a large Isidis Planitia-concentric ridge circle connecting Nili Fossae to Libya Montes. Formation of the mare ridges was the youngest of the main tectonic phases involved within the area studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 45 (1989), S. 187-204 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The formation of the central calderas of the Alba Patera summit area is proposed to have been caused by collapse(s) into relatively shallow and wide magma chamber(s). The subduction or collapse of the whole central Alba Patera area and the formation of peripheral circular fossae grabens around it were caused by a deeper, wider and more primary magmatic process which was more directly connected to the ascending hot mantle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 33 (1985), S. 133-155 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Vaasa circular structure (sometimes called the Söderfjärden basin) consists of roughly circular or polygonal flat cultivated ground with a diameter of 5–6 km and a surrounding bedrock ring rising 50 m above the centre of the basin and the sea. The maximum basin depth is about 300 m and is filled with Lower Cambrian sedimentary rocks with the uppermost levels being loose overburden of silts with a depth of 30 to 70 m. The surrounding bedrock consists of Precambrian mica and quartz-fieldspar gneisses, quartz- and granodiorites, and porphyritic granites. Some specimens collected from the glacial deposits depict the rocks in the centre of the Vaasa circular structure. A petrographic description of bedrock types and some glacial boulders are presented. The origin of the Vaasa circular structure is not yet solved but there are some existing theories: (1) depression formation due to tectonic movements, (2) impact cratering, and (3) volcanic cryptoexplosion. There is not any conclusive evidence found for any one of these theories and both endo- and exogenic causes must be taken into account in the form of a volcano-tectonic collapsing caldera or impact crater, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 39 (1987), S. 275-289 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The tectonics of the Tharsis and adjoining areas is considered to be associated with the convection in the Martian mantle. Convection and mantle plume have been responsible for the primary uplift and volcanism of the Tharsis area. The radial compressional forces generated by the tendency for downslope movement of surface strata, vertical volcanic intrusions and traction of mantle spreading beneath Tharsis were transmitted through the lithosphere to form peripheral mare ridge zones. The locations of mare ridges were thus mainly controlled by the Tharsis-radial compression. The load-induced stresses then contributed on further ridge formation over an extended period of time by the isostatic readjustment which was reponsible for long-term stresses in the adjoining areas. Extrusions, changes in internal temperature and possible phase changes may also have caused changes in mantle volume giving rise to additional compressional forces and crustal deformations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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